Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● e2→d3, f2→g3, h2→g3, d3→c4	● d6→e5, c7→d6, f7→g6, h7→g6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● e4 (3v0), ● b5 (2v0), ● d5 (3v0)	● d4 (2v0), ● f5 (2v0)
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d5 (3v0), ● e4 (3v0)	● d4 (2v0), ● e5 (3v0)

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bg2	● Bg2 Actif (mob. 6)
Bg7		● Bg7 Ok (mob. 3)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 5)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	4 (● g1, ● c1, ● a1, ● h1)	4 (● g8, ● c8, ● a8, ● h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre	● Au centre
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	mobile
Ruptures	● c4-c5, ● d3-d4, ● f2-f4	● …d6-d5, ● …e5-e4

A26a — English: Closed, 5.d3 d6

1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.d3 d6 * ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Centre mobile

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plans. Rb1 (38 % des parties) ; e4 (Occuper le centre — 19 % des parties) ; e3 (Solidifier le centre — 17 % des parties) ; Nf3 (Développer g1 — 17 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plans. ...Nge7 (Développer g8 — 25 % des parties) ; ...f5 (Attaque à l'aile roi — 24 % des parties) ; ...Be6 (Fou actif (mobilité 7), Développer c8 — 16 % des parties) ; ...a5 (12 % des parties) ; ...Nf6 (Développer g8 — 12 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Partie
1933 Folkestone Olympiad 5th – Round 8.13 – Flohr, Salo – 1/2-1/2 – Steiner, Lajos – G68 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. g3 g6 4. Bg2 Bg7 5. d3 d6 6. f4 Nge7 7. Nf3 h6 8. O-O Be6 9. Bd2 O-O 10. Qc1 Kh7
1936 Nottingham – Round 15 – Capablanca, Jose – 1/2-1/2 – Bogoljubow, Efim – G95 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. g3 g6 4. Bg2 Bg7 5. d3 d6 6. Bd2 f5 7. Rb1 Nf6 8. b4 O-O 9. b5 Ne7 10. Qc2 h6
1947 Helsinki Helsinki FIN – Round 1 – Lundin, Erik – 0-1 – Barda, Olaf – G2 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. g3 d6 4. Bg2 g6 5. d3 Bg7 6. Bd2 Nge7 7. Rb1 a5 8. Nf3 O-O 9. Qc1 Nf5 10. h4 h5
1953 Candidats Tournament – Round 12 – Petrosian, Tigran V – 1/2-1/2 – Boleslavsky, Isaac – G72 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 d6 3. g3 Nc6 4. Bg2 g6 5. d3 Bg7 6. Bd2 Nge7 7. Nf3 O-O 8. O-O Bd7 9. Rb1 Qc8 10. b4 Bh3
1956 Hastings5657 – Round 4 – Horseman, DG. – 1-0 – Penrose, Jonathan – G15 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. g3 g6 4. Bg2 Bg7 5. d3 d6 6. f4 Nge7 7. Nf3 O-O 8. O-O h6 9. Rb1 Bg4 10. Bd2 a5
1956 Hastings5657 – Round 6 – O'Kelly, Albéric de Galway – 1-0 – Alexander, Conol Hugh – G26 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 d6 3. g3 Nc6 4. Bg2 g6 5. d3 Bg7 6. Bd2 Nge7 7. a3 Nd4 8. e3 Ne6 9. Nge2 O-O 10. b4 c6
1965 Capablanca Memorial – Round 2 – Lehmann, Heinz – 1-0 – Ciocaltea, Victor – G14 1. c4 g6 2. g3 Bg7 3. Bg2 e5 4. Nc3 Nc6 5. d3 d6 6. Bd2 Nge7 7. Rb1 O-O 8. b4 h6 9. e3 f5 10. Nge2 g5
1965 Hamburg etc – Round 2 – Ree, Hans – 1/2-1/2 – Damjanovic, Marko – G16 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. g3 g6 4. Bg2 Bg7 5. d3 d6 6. f4 exf4 7. Bxf4 Nge7 8. Nf3 O-O 9. O-O h6 10. Qc1 g5
1965 Hamburg etc – Round 6 – Ree, Hans – 1/2-1/2 – Pavlov, Mircea-Sergiu-Aurelian – G66 1. c4 g6 2. Nc3 Bg7 3. g3 e5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. d3 d6 6. f4 Nge7 7. Nf3 O-O 8. O-O Nf5 9. Rb1 Ncd4 10. e3 Nxf3+
1966 Havana olm – Round 1 – Bobotsov, Milko G – 1/2-1/2 – Acuna Medina, Angel G. – G4 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. g3 g6 4. Bg2 Bg7 5. d3 d6 6. f4 Nge7 7. Nf3 O-O 8. O-O Nd4 9. e3 Nxf3+ 10. Qxf3 c6
1966 Kecskemet – Round 4 – Barcza, Gedeon – 1/2-1/2 – Szabo, Ladislav – G6 1. c4 g6 2. g3 Bg7 3. Bg2 e5 4. Nc3 d6 5. d3 Nc6 6. f4 exf4 7. Bxf4 Nge7 8. Qd2 h6 9. e4 f5 10. Nge2 fxe4
1966 La Habana olm fin-A – Round 1 – Bobotsov, Milko G – 1/2-1/2 – Medina-Garcia, Antonio – G1 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. g3 g6 4. Bg2 Bg7 5. d3 d6 6. f4 Nge7 7. Nf3 O-O 8. O-O Nd4 9. e3 Nxf3+ 10. Qxf3 c6
1967 Palma de Majorca ESP – Round 6 – Botvinnik, Mikhail – 1/2-1/2 – Lehmann, Heinz – G8 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. g3 g6 4. Bg2 Bg7 5. d3 d6 6. f4 f5 7. Nh3 Nf6 8. O-O O-O 9. Nd5 Nd4 10. Kh1 c6
1967 Vrnjacka Banja zt – Round 4 – Bobotsov, Milko G – 1/2-1/2 – Gheorghiu, Florin – G25 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. g3 g6 4. Bg2 Bg7 5. d3 d6 6. f4 Nge7 7. Nf3 O-O 8. O-O Nd4 9. e3 Nxf3+ 10. Qxf3 c6
1968 Belgrade – Round ? – Ujtelky, Maximilian – 1-0 – Martinovic, Slobodan – G75 1. c4 g6 2. g3 Bg7 3. Bg2 d6 4. Nc3 e5 5. d3 Nc6 6. Bd2 f5 7. Rb1 a5 8. a3 Nf6 9. b4 axb4 10. axb4 O-O
1968 CCOL5 fin 6568 – Round ? – Asman, Benny – 0-1 – Moiseev, Oleg – G2 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. g3 g6 4. Bg2 Bg7 5. d3 d6 6. f4 Nge7 7. Nf3 Be6 8. Qb3 O-O 9. O-O Rb8 10. a4 Nd4
1968 New York ch-USA – Round 1 – Lombardy, William J – 1/2-1/2 – Rossolimo, Nicolas – G4 1. g3 e5 2. c4 Nc6 3. Bg2 g6 4. Nc3 Bg7 5. d3 d6 6. f4 Nge7 7. Nh3 O-O 8. O-O Bd7 9. Bd2 Qc8 10. Nf2 Nf5
1969 Netanya – Round 8 – Geller, Uzi – 0-1 – Yanofsky, Daniel Abraham – G53 1. c4 g6 2. g3 Bg7 3. Bg2 e5 4. Nc3 Nc6 5. d3 d6 6. Bd2 Nge7 7. Nf3 O-O 8. O-O h6 9. Rb1 a5 10. a3 g5
1972 Skopje ol (Men) fin-A – Round 3 – Petrosian, Tigran L. – 1-0 – Ree, Hans – G31 1. c4 e5 2. g3 Nc6 3. Bg2 g6 4. Nc3 Bg7 5. d3 d6 6. Bd2 h5 7. Nf3 Bd7 8. a3 Qc8 9. h3 Nh6 10. Nd5 Nd8

A26a — King's English Variation, Closed System, Full Symmetry (1933)

1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.d3 d6

Les coups candidats

6.e4 — 30.3% (1455 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Miezis, Normunds (34x), McNab, Colin A (13x), Egeli, Per Ove (11x), Gullaksen, Eirik (6x), Serper, Grigory (5x), Istratescu, Andrei (5x), Bernard, Ryszard (4x), Ignatiev, Felix N (4x)

6.Rb1 — 25.2% (1212 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Snape, Ian L (12x), Reizniece, Dana (7x), Andersson, Ulf (6x), Giardelli, Sergio C. (5x), Gallagher, Joseph G. (5x), Contin, Daniel (5x), Jussupow, Artur (4x), Seirawan, Yasser (4x)

6.Nf3 — 21.4% (1028 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Wrba, Klaus (4x), Nonnenmacher, Thomas (4x), Bonazzi, Edoardo (3x), Kottnauer, Cenek (2x), Liebert, Heinz (2x), Miguel, Nahuel (2x), Golombek, Harry (2x), Stoliar, Efim Samoilovich (2x)

6.e3 — 16.9% (810 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Csom, Istvan (8x), Hazai, Laszlo Dr. (4x), Weiss, Augustin (4x), Hua, Lefong (4x), Andersson, Ulf (4x), Abramovic, Bosko (4x), Blatny, Frantisek (3x), Franklin, Michael J (3x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	6.e4	6.Rb1	6.Nf3	6.e3
<1800	209	31%	14%	32%	13%
1800-2200	1886	31%	20%	26%	18%
2200-2600	2116	32%	32%	15%	17%
2600+	61	48%	34%	7%	10%

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	6.e4	6.Rb1	6.Nf3	6.e3
1950s	17	—	18%	18%	18%
1960s	99	21%	35%	16%	11%
1970s	187	15%	39%	14%	20%
1980s	295	16%	42%	18%	18%
1990s	1050	28%	25%	24%	17%
2000s	1378	30%	25%	22%	18%
2010s	1469	37%	19%	23%	16%
2020s	312	38%	26%	16%	14%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
6.e4	37%	38%	▲ +0.9%
6.Rb1	19%	26%	▲ +7.2%
6.Nf3	23%	16%	▼ -6.6%
6.e3	16%	14%	▼ -2.2%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Kasparov, Garry — 6 parties
Karpov, Anatoly — 5 parties
Botvinnik, Mikhail — 3 parties
Smyslov, Vladimir — 1 partie
Anand, Viswanathan — 1 partie
Tal, Mikhail — 1 partie
Gukesh D — 1 partie

Parties historiques

6.e4 — 30.3% (1455 parties)

1961 — Partos, Charles vs Gheorghiu, Florin — 0-1 — Romania
1961 — Bobotsov, Milko G vs Vasiukov, Evgeni — 0-1 — Belgrade SRB
1963 — Ignatiev, Felix N vs Zaitsev, Alexander — 1/2-1/2 — Moscow RUS
1964 — Abramovich Furman, Semyon vs Korchnoi, Viktor — 0-1 — Leningrad RUS
1965 — Piskov, Kamen Penev vs Bohosjan, Sarkis — 1/2-1/2 — Varna BUL

6.Rb1 — 25.2% (1212 parties)

1955 — Kortchnoi vs Liss, Eran — 0-1 — New York, NY USA
1957 — Stoliar, Efim Samoilovich vs Khasin, Abram — 1-0 — Moscow RUS
1959 — Bak, Istvan vs Dely, Peter — 1/2-1/2 — Balatonfured
1961 — Botvinnik, Mikhail vs Gligoric, Sofija — 1/2-1/2 — Oberhausen etc
1961 — Milic, Borislav vs Gligorić, Svetozar — 1/2-1/2 — Belgrade SRB

6.Nf3 — 21.4% (1028 parties)

1954 — Carls, Carl vs Heinicke, Herbert — 1-0 — Bremen GER
1957 — Stoliar, Efim Samoilovich vs Bannik, Anatolij — 1/2-1/2 — Moscow RUS
1959 — Golombek, Harry vs Kottnauer, Cenek — 1/2-1/2 — Hastings ENG
1961 — Bennett, Patrick vs Kottnauer, Cenek — 0-1 — Aberystwyth
1961 — Golombek, Harry vs Rellstab, Ludwig — 1/2-1/2 — Zevenaar NED

6.e3 — 16.9% (810 parties)

1951 — Aronin, Lev vs Terpugov, Evgeny — 1/2-1/2 — Moskou ch-URS
1953 — Elliott, Henry J vs Zemgalis, Elmars — 1/2-1/2 — Milwaukee, WI USA
1959 — Hofmann, Vilem vs Blatny, Frantisek — 0-1 — Ch Czechoslovakia
1961 — Hansen, Victor vs Kolvig, Bent — 1/2-1/2 — Nykobing Falster DEN
1961 — Bobotsov, Milko G vs Puc, Fabrice — 1-0 — Belgrade SRB

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