Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● f2→g3, h2→g3	● b7→c6, d7→c6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	—	—
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	—	● d4 (1v0)

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bf1	● Bf1 Non développé (mob. 2)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bf8		● Bf8 Non développé (mob. 5)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	5 (● g1, ● c1, ● f1, ● a1, ● h1)	5 (● b8, ● c8, ● f8, ● a8, ● h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre	● Au centre
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	mobile
Ruptures	● d2-d4, ● f2-f4	● …d7-d5

A23a — English: Bremen, Keres System

1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.g3 c6 * ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Centre mobile

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plans. Nf3 (Développer g1 — 45 % des parties) ; Bg2 (Fianchetto, fou sur la grande diagonale — 32 % des parties) ; d4 (Occuper le centre — 19 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plans. ...e4 (Occuper le centre — 37 % des parties) ; ...d5 (Occuper le centre — 26 % des parties) ; ...d6 (Libérer Bc8 — 12 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Partie
1954 Leningrad ch22-SU sf – Round 8 – Taimanov, Mark E – 1/2-1/2 – Shamkovich, Leonid – G20 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. g3 c6 4. d4 exd4 5. Qxd4 d5 6. Bg5 Be7 7. cxd5 cxd5 8. Bg2 Nc6 9. Qd2 d4 10. Bxf6 Bxf6
1955 CSR-AUT m – Round 3.1 – Pachman, Ludek – 1-0 – Auer, Franz – G2 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 e5 3. g3 c6 4. d4 exd4 5. Qxd4 d5 6. Bg5 Be7 7. O-O-O dxc4 8. Qxd8+ Bxd8 9. Ne4 Be7 10. Nd6+ Bxd6
1955 Hamburg – Round 11 – Heinicke, Herbert – 1/2-1/2 – Teschner, Rudolf – G81 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. g3 c6 4. d4 exd4 5. Qxd4 d5 6. cxd5 cxd5 7. Bg5 Be7 8. Nf3 Nc6 9. Qa4 O-O 10. Bg2 d4
1955 Moscow Ch – Round 11 – Goldberg, Grigory A – 1/2-1/2 – Antoshin, Vladimir S – G67 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 e5 3. g3 c6 4. d4 exd4 5. Qxd4 d5 6. Bg5 Be7 7. cxd5 cxd5 8. Rd1 Nc6 9. Qa4 O-O 10. Bg2 Qb6
1956 Alekhine Memorial – Round 1 – Uhlmann, Wolfgang – 0-1 – Gligorić, Svetozar – G3 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. g3 c6 4. d4 exd4 5. Qxd4 d5 6. cxd5 cxd5 7. Nf3 Nc6 8. Qa4 d4 9. Nb5 Bc5 10. Bg2 O-O
1956 Belgrade – Round 1 – Pirc, Vasja – 1/2-1/2 – Keres, P. – G1 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. g3 c6 4. d4 exd4 5. Qxd4 d5 6. Bg2 Be6 7. cxd5 cxd5 8. Nf3 Nc6 9. Qa4 Bc5 10. O-O O-O
1956 Moscow olm fin-A – Round 7 – Rejfir, Josef – 0-1 – Keres, Paul – G106 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 e5 3. g3 c6 4. d4 exd4 5. Qxd4 d5 6. Bg5 Be7 7. Nf3 O-O 8. Bg2 h6 9. Bf4 c5 10. Qd3 d4
1957 ESP Ch – Round 4 – Puig, Pedro – 0-1 – Perez Perez, Francisco Jose – G6 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 e5 3. g3 c6 4. d4 exd4 5. Qxd4 d5 6. cxd5 cxd5 7. Bg2 Nc6 8. Qa4 d4 9. Ne4 Bb4+ 10. Kf1 O-O
1957 Sofia zt Sofia BUL – Round 1 – Szilagyi, Gyorgy Laszlo – 1/2-1/2 – Karaklajic, Nikola – G3 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. g3 c6 4. d4 exd4 5. Qxd4 d5 6. cxd5 cxd5 7. Bg2 Nc6 8. Qa4 Be7 9. Nf3 O-O 10. O-O Qb6
1957 Sombor – Round 2 – Puc, Stojan – 0-1 – Pirc, Vasja – G36 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. g3 c6 4. d4 exd4 5. Qxd4 d5 6. Bg2 Be6 7. cxd5 cxd5 8. Bf4 Nc6 9. Qa4 Bb4 10. Rc1 O-O
1958 Munich olm fin-B – Round 6 – Catozzi, Henry – 1/2-1/2 – Enevoldsen, Jens – G52 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 e5 3. g3 c6 4. d4 exd4 5. Qxd4 d5 6. Bg5 Be7 7. cxd5 cxd5 8. Bg2 Nc6 9. Qa4 O-O 10. Nf3 Be6
1958 OWL Ch – Round 2 – Juergens Norbert – 1-0 – Lachmann, Hans G – G4 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. g3 c6 4. d4 exd4 5. Qxd4 d5 6. Bg5 Be7 7. cxd5 cxd5 8. Bg2 Nc6 9. Qa4 O-O 10. Nf3 Qb6
1960 Leningrad tt – Round 7 – Gurgenidze, Bukhuti – 1-0 – Zinn, Lothar – G87 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. g3 c6 4. d4 exd4 5. Qxd4 d5 6. Nf3 Be6 7. cxd5 cxd5 8. Bg2 Nc6 9. Qa4 Bc5 10. O-O O-O
1960 Sao Paulo zt – Round 9 – Del Pozo, Nestor – 0-1 – Wexler, Bernardo – G47 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. g3 c6 4. d4 exd4 5. Qxd4 d5 6. cxd5 cxd5 7. Bg2 Nc6 8. Qa4 d4 9. Nb5 a6 10. Bf4 Bb4+
1962 Spartak Ch – Round 1 – Katalymov, Boris – 1-0 – Govbinder, Mikhail Yudovich – G1 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. g3 c6 4. d4 exd4 5. Qxd4 d5 6. Bg5 Be7 7. Bh3 O-O 8. Bxc8 Qxc8 9. Nf3 Qe6 10. cxd5 cxd5
1967 FRA Ch 42nd – Round 6 – Boutteville, Cesar – 1-0 – Cormier, Kristian – G5 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. g3 c6 4. d4 d6 5. dxe5 dxe5 6. Qxd8+ Kxd8 7. Nf3 Nbd7 8. Bg2 h6 9. O-O Bd6 10. b3 Ke7
1967 Oxford ch-BCF – Round 9 – Golombek, Harry – 1-0 – Basman, Michael J – G78 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. g3 c6 4. d4 exd4 5. Qxd4 d5 6. Bg5 Be7 7. cxd5 cxd5 8. Rd1 Nc6 9. Qa4 O-O 10. Nf3 Be6
1968 Bamberg – Round 15 – Pfleger, Helmut, Dr. – 0-1 – Keres, Paul – G96 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 e5 3. g3 c6 4. d4 exd4 5. Qxd4 d5 6. Nf3 Be7 7. Bg2 c5 8. Qd3 d4 9. Ne4 Nc6 10. Nxf6+ Bxf6
1968 Buenos Aires Open – Round 6 – Perez Cascella, Julio – 0-1 – Benko, Francisco – G8 1. c4 c6 2. g3 e5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. d4 d6 5. Bg2 Be7 6. Nf3 e4 7. Nd2 d5 8. O-O h5 9. cxd5 cxd5 10. f3 e3
Amber Blindfold 2001 – Round 1 – Ljubojevic, Ljubomir – 1-0 – Gelfand, Boris – G1 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. g3 c6 4. d4 exd4 5. Qxd4 d5 6. cxd5 cxd5 7. Nf3 Nc6 8. Qa4 d4 9. Nb5 Bb4+ 10. Bd2 Bxd2+
Interpolis 1979 – Round 5 – Hort, Vlastimil – 1/2-1/2 – Kavalek, Lubomir – G19 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. g3 c6 4. d4 d6 5. dxe5 dxe5 6. Qxd8+ Kxd8 7. Nf3 Nfd7 8. g4 f6 9. Rg1 Nb6 10. b3 Be6
SportAccord Blitz Men 2013 – Round 23.4 – Wang, Yue(SH) – 0-1 – Vachier-Lagrave, Maxime – G177 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 e5 3. g3 c6 4. d4 exd4 5. Qxd4 Na6 6. Nf3 Bc5 7. Qd1 O-O 8. Bg2 Re8 9. O-O Nc7 10. Qc2 Qe7

A23a — King's English Variation, Two Knights Variation, Keres Variation (1954)

1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.g3 c6

Les coups candidats

4.Bg2 — 36.9% (1889 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Vetter, Udo (13x), von Rosenberg, Clemens (7x), Kudoke, Willy (6x), Basagic, Zlatko (6x), Boll, Peter (5x), Stavrakakis, Vasilios (4x), Keres, Paul (3x), Fraidakis, Pantelis (3x)

4.Nf3 — 32.9% (1684 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Miezis, Normunds (15x), Leisebein, Peter (11x), Grott, Peter (9x), Taimanov, Mark (8x), Schuler, Georg (8x), Keres, Paul (7x), Golz, Werner (7x), Ivkov, Borislav (6x)

4.d4 — 25.0% (1281 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Miezis, Normunds (9x), Keres, Paul (5x), Leisebein, Peter (5x), Weyerstrass, Ronald (4x), Boll, Peter (4x), Uhlmann, Wolfgang (2x), Pirc, Vasja (2x), Van Oostrum, Henk (2x)

4.e4 — 3.2% (165 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Fraidakis, Pantelis (2x), Tausch, Dirk (2x), Jamba, Alexandru (2x), McGill, Derek (2x), Eisgrau, Sigfried (1x), Geller, Adam (1x), Deslauriers, J. (1x), Groiss, Werner (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	4.Bg2	4.Nf3	4.d4	4.e4
<1800	507	56%	19%	17%	6%
1800-2200	2128	38%	26%	29%	4%
2200-2600	1032	20%	40%	38%	1%
2600+	23	4%	61%	35%	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	4.Bg2	4.Nf3	4.d4	4.e4
1950s	70	30%	41%	27%	1%
1960s	175	22%	67%	10%	1%
1970s	259	18%	63%	17%	0%
1980s	314	25%	53%	18%	2%
1990s	943	40%	36%	20%	3%
2000s	1456	43%	26%	25%	3%
2010s	1391	41%	22%	32%	4%
2020s	508	27%	37%	29%	5%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
4.Bg2	41%	27%	▼ -13.7%
4.Nf3	22%	37%	▲ +15.8%
4.d4	32%	29%	▼ -3.3%
4.e4	4%	5%	▲ +1.6%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Botvinnik, Mikhail — 6 parties
Tal, Mikhail — 3 parties
Karpov, Anatoly — 2 parties
Kasparov, Garry — 2 parties

Parties historiques

4.Bg2 — 36.9% (1889 parties)

1950 — Szilagyi, Gyorgy Laszlo vs Sebestyen, Balazs — 1/2-1/2 — Budapest HUN
1952 — Griffiths, Derek Francis K vs Rosselson, Leon — 1/2-1/2 — Hastings ENG
1956 — Szabo, Laszlo vs Keres, Paul — 1-0 — Moscow RUS
1956 — Szabo, Ladislav vs Keres, Paul — 1-0 — Moscow RUS
1956 — Bidev, Pavle vs Pirc, Vasja — 0-1 — Rogatska

4.Nf3 — 32.9% (1684 parties)

1955 — Averbakh, Yuri L vs Ragozin, Viacheslav — 1-0 — USSR
1955 — Taimanov, Mark vs Gawliczek, Andreas — 1/2-1/2 — Lodz POL
1955 — Taimanov, Mark vs Vladimirov, Boris T — 1/2-1/2 — Leningrad RUS
1957 — Taimanov, Mark vs Mikenas, Vladas — 1/2-1/2 — Moskou ch-URS
1957 — Korchnoi, Viktor vs Keres, Paul — 1/2-1/2 — Moscow ch-URS

4.d4 — 25.0% (1281 parties)

1954 — Taimanov, Mark vs Shamkovich, Leonid — 1/2-1/2 — Leningrad ch22-SU sf
1955 — Pachman, Ludek vs Auer, Franz — 1-0 — Prague CZE
1955 — Goldberg, Grigory vs Abanin, Vladimir — 1/2-1/2 — Moscow RUS
1955 — Heinicke, Herbert vs Teschner, Rudolf — 1/2-1/2 — Hamburg GER
1956 — Uhlmann, Wolfgang vs Gligoric, Ana — 0-1 — Moscow RUS

4.e4 — 3.2% (165 parties)

1950 — Eisgrau, Sigfried vs Geller, Adam — 1-0 — Los Angeles, CA USA
1960 — Deslauriers, J. vs Groiss, Werner — 0-1 — Leipzig GER
1976 — Seliger, Bedrich vs Radojevic, Zoran M — 1/2-1/2 — Decin CZE
1982 — Whymark vs Naldrett, Geoffrey — 1-0 — corr GB
1984 — Naehr, Erik vs Nilsson, Abby — 0-1 — Frederiksvark

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