Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	—	● d6→e5, c7→d6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● b5 (2v0), ● d5 (2v0)	—
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d5 (2v0), ● e4 (1v0)	—

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bf1	● Bf1 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bf8		● Bf8 Non développé (mob. 1)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	5 (● g1, ● c1, ● f1, ● a1, ● h1)	6 (● b8, ● g8, ● c8, ● f8, ● a8, ● h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre	● Au centre
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	tension
Ruptures	● c4-c5, ● f2-f4	● …c7-c5, ● …d6-d5

A21f — English: King’s, 2.Nc3 d6 3.d4

1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 d6 3.d4 * ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Tension centrale

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plans. Nf3 (Développer g1 — 15 % des parties) ; e4 (Occuper le centre — 4 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plans. ...exd4 (Capture en d4, Occuper le centre — 74 % des parties) ; ...Nd7 (Développer b8 — 12 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Partie
1950 Mar del Plata – Round 7 – Alvarez Martin, Pedro – 1/2-1/2 – Trifunovic, Petar – G55 1. d4 d6 2. c4 e5 3. Nc3 exd4 4. Qxd4 Nc6 5. Qd2 Nf6 6. e4 g6 7. g3 Bg7 8. Bg2 O-O 9. Nge2 Ne5 10. b3 Bh3
1955 Zagreb – Round 3 – Trifunovic, Petar – 1-0 – Minev, Nikolay N – G40 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 d6 3. d4 Nd7 4. Nf3 g6 5. e3 Bg7 6. Be2 Ne7 7. O-O O-O 8. b3 Nf5 9. Bb2 Re8 10. dxe5 Nxe5
1957 Minsk zt – Round 14 – Roizman, Abram Y – 1/2-1/2 – Sokolsky, Alexey – G94 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 d6 3. d4 exd4 4. Qxd4 Nc6 5. Qd2 g6 6. Nf3 Bg7 7. b3 Nf6 8. Bb2 O-O 9. g3 Bf5 10. Bg2 Ne4
1959 HUN Ch 15th – Round 1 – Lengyel, Levente – 0-1 – Barcza, Gedeon – G1 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 d6 3. d4 exd4 4. Qxd4 Nc6 5. Qd2 Nf6 6. g3 Be7 7. Bg2 O-O 8. b3 Nb4 9. Bb2 c6 10. e4 d5
1959 Kragujevac ch14-YUG – Round 1 – Matulovic, Milan – 1/2-1/2 – Bertok, Mario Jr. – G1 1. c4 d6 2. Nc3 e5 3. d4 Nc6 4. d5 Nce7 5. e4 g6 6. Nge2 c5 7. dxc6 bxc6 8. c5 d5 9. exd5 Nxd5 10. Nxd5 Qxd5
1961 Zagreb – Round 5 – Sofrevski, Jovan – 1-0 – Djantar, Djordje – G50 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 d6 3. d4 exd4 4. Qxd4 Nc6 5. Qd2 Nf6 6. b3 Be6 7. e4 a5 8. f3 g6 9. Bb2 Bg7 10. Nge2 O-O
1962 URS Team Ch – Round 1 – Taimanov, Mark E – 1/2-1/2 – Krogius, Nikolai V – G4 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 d6 3. d4 exd4 4. Qxd4 Nc6 5. Qd2 g6 6. b3 Bg7 7. Bb2 Nf6 8. g3 O-O 9. Bg2 Bf5 10. Nh3 Re8
1966 Tbilisi ch-URS – Round 5 – Taimanov, Mark E – 1-0 – Smyslov, Vladimir – G40 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 d6 3. d4 exd4 4. Qxd4 Nc6 5. Qd2 Nf6 6. g3 Be6 7. Nd5 Ne5 8. b3 Ne4 9. Qd4 Nc5 10. f4 Nc6
1967 Rubinstein Memorial – Round 1 – Filipowicz, Andrzej – 1/2-1/2 – Adamski, Jan – G1 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 d6 3. d4 exd4 4. Qxd4 Nc6 5. Qd2 Nf6 6. Nf3 Be7 7. e3 O-O 8. Be2 Bf5 9. O-O Ne4 10. Nxe4 Bxe4
1968 Lugano ol (Men) qual-E – Round 1 – Darga, Klaus – 1-0 – German, Eugenio – G1 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 d6 3. d4 exd4 4. Qxd4 Nc6 5. Qd2 g6 6. g3 Bg7 7. Bg2 a5 8. Nf3 Be6 9. Nd5 Ne5 10. Ng5 Bd7
1969 Buesum – Round 12 – Kestler, Hans-Guenther – 0-1 – Polugaevsky, Lev – G32 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 d6 3. d4 exd4 4. Qxd4 Nc6 5. Qd2 Nf6 6. b3 Be7 7. g3 Nb4 8. Bg2 c6 9. e4 Nd7 10. a3 Na6
1969 Hungary – Round 1 – Barcza, Gedeon – 0-1 – Dely, Peter – G1 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 d6 3. d4 exd4 4. Qxd4 Nc6 5. Qd2 Nf6 6. b3 g6 7. Bb2 Bg7 8. e3 O-O 9. Nge2 d5 10. Nxd5 Nxd5
1969 Ljubljana – Round 1 – Barcza, Gedeon – 1/2-1/2 – Huicab Puc, Angel Gamaliel – G1 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 d6 3. d4 exd4 4. Qxd4 Nc6 5. Qd2 Nf6 6. Nf3 Be7 7. e3 Bf5 8. Be2 Ne4 9. Nxe4 Bxe4 10. O-O Bf6
1972 Skopje ol (Men) fin-A – Round 15 – Ghitescu, Theodor – 1/2-1/2 – Tal, Mihail – G38 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 d6 3. d4 exd4 4. Qxd4 Nc6 5. Qd2 Be6 6. b3 Nf6 7. e4 g6 8. Bb2 Bg7 9. g3 Ne5 10. f4 Ned7
30. ECC Open 2014 – Round 4.6 – Dreev, Aleksey – 1-0 – Ubilava, Elizbar – G90 1. d4 d6 2. c4 e5 3. Nc3 exd4 4. Qxd4 Nc6 5. Qd2 Nf6 6. Nf3 g6 7. b3 Bg7 8. Bb2 O-O 9. g3 Bf5 10. Nh4 Be6
Buenos Aires olm 1978 – Round 1 – Robatsch, Karl – 1/2-1/2 – Korchnoi, Viktor – G2 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 d6 3. d4 exd4 4. Qxd4 Nc6 5. Qd2 g6 6. b3 Bg7 7. Bb2 Nf6 8. g3 O-O 9. Nh3 Ne5 10. Bg2 a5
Euwe Memorial 1989 – Round 6 – Hjartarson, Johann – 0-1 – Short, Nigel D – G11 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 d6 3. d4 exd4 4. Qxd4 Nc6 5. Qd2 g6 6. b3 Bg7 7. Bb2 Nf6 8. g3 O-O 9. Bg2 a5 10. Nh3 Ne5
Evian 1977 – Round ? – Korchnoi, Viktor – 1/2-1/2 – Polugaevsky, Lev – G1 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 d6 3. d4 exd4 4. Qxd4 Nc6 5. Qd2 Nf6 6. b3 a5 7. e4 a4 8. Rb1 axb3 9. axb3 g6 10. g3 Bg7
FIDE World Blitz Championship 2014 – Round 7.9 – Dreev, Aleksey – 1-0 – Aronian, Levon – G58 1. d4 d6 2. c4 e5 3. Nc3 exd4 4. Qxd4 Nc6 5. Qd2 g6 6. g3 Bg7 7. Bg2 Nf6 8. b3 O-O 9. Bb2 a5 10. Nf3 Re8
Hoogovens 1985 – Round 3 – Ligterink, Gert – 1/2-1/2 – Timman, Jan H – G10 1. d4 d6 2. c4 e5 3. Nc3 exd4 4. Qxd4 Nf6 5. g3 Nc6 6. Qd2 Be6 7. Nd5 Ne5 8. b3 Be7 9. Bg2 c6 10. Nxe7 Qxe7
Hoogovens 1985 – Round 7 – Ftacnik, Lubomir – 1/2-1/2 – Timman, Jan H – G22 1. d4 d6 2. c4 e5 3. Nc3 exd4 4. Qxd4 Nf6 5. g3 Nc6 6. Qd2 Be6 7. Nd5 Ne5 8. b3 Ne4 9. Qe3 c6 10. Qxe4 cxd5
Lugano Open 1982 – Round ? – Korchnoi, Viktor – 1-0 – Spassky, Boris V. – G8 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 d6 3. d4 exd4 4. Qxd4 Nc6 5. Qd2 g6 6. b3 Bg7 7. Bb2 Nf6 8. g3 O-O 9. Nh3 Re8 10. Nf4 Bg4
Lugano Open 1982 – Round ? – Korchnoi, Viktor – 1-0 – Spassky, Boris V. – G9 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 d6 3. d4 exd4 4. Qxd4 Nc6 5. Qd2 g6 6. b3 Bg7 7. Bb2 Nf6 8. g3 O-O 9. Nh3 Re8 10. Nf4 Bg4
Manila Interzonal 1990 – Round 7 – Petursson, Margeir – 0-1 – Anand, Viswanathan – G119 1. d4 d6 2. c4 e5 3. Nc3 exd4 4. Qxd4 Nf6 5. g3 Nc6 6. Qd2 g6 7. Bg2 Bg7 8. Nh3 O-O 9. Nf4 a5 10. O-O Re8
Rio de Janeiro Interzonal 1979 – Round 17 – Huebner, Robert – 1-0 – Balashov, Yuri S – G52 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 d6 3. d4 exd4 4. Qxd4 Nc6 5. Qd2 Nf6 6. b3 Be6 7. e4 a5 8. Nge2 a4 9. Rb1 axb3 10. axb3 g6
Roquebrune rapid 1992 – Round 7 – Karpov, Anatoly – 1/2-1/2 – Anand, Viswanathan – G25 1. d4 d6 2. c4 e5 3. Nc3 exd4 4. Qxd4 Nf6 5. b3 Nc6 6. Qd2 g6 7. Bb2 Bg7 8. g3 O-O 9. Bg2 Ne5 10. Nf3 Ned7
World Blitz 2017 – Round 13.36 – Howell, David W L – 0-1 – Bocharov, Dmitry – G687 1. c4 d6 2. Nc3 e5 3. d4 exd4 4. Qxd4 Nf6 5. b3 g6 6. Bb2 Bg7 7. g3 O-O 8. Bg2 Nbd7 9. Nh3 Nc5 10. Qd2 a5
World Blitz 2017 – Round 9.40 – Bocharov, Dmitry – 0-1 – Adhiban, B. – G479 1. c4 d6 2. d4 e5 3. Nc3 exd4 4. Qxd4 Nf6 5. g3 g6 6. Bg2 Bg7 7. Nh3 Nbd7 8. Nf4 O-O 9. Qd2 Nc5 10. O-O Re8
World Blitz 2018 – Round 19.52 – Mchedlishvili, Mikheil – 1-0 – Sokolov, Andrei – G1142 1. d4 d6 2. c4 e5 3. Nc3 exd4 4. Qxd4 Nc6 5. Qd2 Be6 6. b3 Nf6 7. e4 g6 8. Bb2 Bg7 9. Bd3 O-O 10. Nge2 Ng4
World Blitz 2019 – Round 10.86 – Gurvich, Vitaly – 0-1 – Jumabayev, Rinat – G717 1. d4 d6 2. c4 e5 3. Nc3 exd4 4. Qxd4 Nc6 5. Qd2 g6 6. b3 Bg7 7. Bb2 a5 8. Nd5 Nf6 9. Qc3 Ne5 10. f4 Nxd5
World Blitz 2022 – Round 17.38 – Suleymanli, Aydin – 1-0 – Idani, Pouya – G910 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 d6 3. d4 exd4 4. Qxd4 Nc6 5. Qd2 Nf6 6. b3 a5 7. g3 Be6 8. Bg2 a4 9. Rb1 axb3 10. axb3 g6
World Rapid 2016 – Round 4.25 – Agdestein, Simen – 0-1 – Onyshchuk, Volodymyr – G142 1. c4 d6 2. d4 e5 3. Nc3 exd4 4. Qxd4 Nc6 5. Qd2 g6 6. b3 Bg7 7. Bb2 Nf6 8. g3 O-O 9. Bg2 Re8 10. Rd1 Ne5
World Rapid 2021 – Round 1.86 – Gukesh D – 1-0 – Kadric, Denis – G66 1. d4 d6 2. c4 e5 3. Nc3 exd4 4. Qxd4 Nf6 5. g3 Nc6 6. Qd2 Be6 7. e4 a5 8. b3 a4 9. Rb1 axb3 10. axb3 g6

A21f — King’s (1950)

1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 d6 3.d4

Les coups candidats

3…exd4 — 74.3% (1981 parties)

Ambassadeurs : McNab, Colin A (17x), Jansa, Vlastimil (10x), Smejkal, Jan (9x), Davies, Nigel R (9x), Korchnoi, Viktor (8x), Adamski, Jan (7x), Hausner, Ivan (7x), Van Hoolandt, Patrick (7x)

3…Nd7 — 11.6% (310 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Movsziszian, Karen (5x), Suba, Mihai (4x), Forintos, Gyozo V (3x), Jansa, Vlastimil (3x), Kavalek, Lubomir (3x), Hazai, Laszlo Dr. (2x), Ivanovic, Bozidar (2x), Marin, Mihail (2x)

3…Nc6 — 4.0% (107 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Popchev, Milko (5x), Suttles, Duncan (3x), Ivanovic, Bozidar (3x), Mista, Ladislav (2x), Cebalo, Miso (2x), Csom, Istvan (2x), Lorenz, Gerd (2x), Dive, Russell John (2x)

3…Nf6 — 3.8% (100 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Van Gisbergen, Stan (2x), Keca, Dragomir (1x), Vukovic, Ivo (1x), Boensch, Uwe (1x), Hickl, Joerg (1x), Piasetski, Leon (1x), Spraggett, Kevin (1x), Murray, Peter (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	3…exd4	3…Nd7	3…Nc6	3…Nf6
<1800	67	79%	7%	4%	1%
1800-2200	829	69%	12%	5%	5%
2200-2600	1559	76%	12%	4%	3%
2600+	38	89%	8%	—	3%

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	3…exd4	3…Nd7	3…Nc6	3…Nf6
1950s	10	60%	20%	10%	—
1960s	15	87%	13%	—	—
1970s	84	64%	21%	8%	5%
1980s	222	73%	15%	5%	1%
1990s	535	75%	12%	5%	2%
2000s	589	71%	12%	4%	5%
2010s	835	76%	11%	3%	4%
2020s	376	79%	8%	4%	4%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
3…exd4	76%	79%	▲ +3.0%
3…Nd7	11%	8%	▼ -2.7%
3…Nc6	3%	4%	▲ +0.9%
3…Nf6	4%	4%	-0.2%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Tal, Mikhail — 4 parties
Karpov, Anatoly — 4 parties
Kasparov, Garry — 2 parties
Anand, Viswanathan — 2 parties
Kramnik, Vladimir — 1 partie
Smyslov, Vladimir — 1 partie
Ju, Wenjun — 1 partie
Gukesh D — 1 partie

Parties historiques

3…exd4 — 74.3% (1981 parties)

1950 — Martin M Pereira vs Trifunovic, Petar — 1/2-1/2 — Mar del Plata ARG
1950 — Milev, Zdravko vs Malchev, Andrej — 1-0 — Sofia BUL
1951 — Endzelins, Lucius vs Purdy, Cecil J S — 0-1 — Australia
1957 — Roizman, Michael vs Sokolsky, Alexey — 1/2-1/2 — Minsk zt
1959 — Lengyel, Levente vs Anay Barche — 0-1 — Budapest HUN

3…Nd7 — 11.6% (310 parties)

1955 — Trifunovic, Petar vs Minev, Nikolay N — 1-0 — Zagreb CRO
1958 — Koberl, Ferenc vs Honfi, Karoly — 0-1 — Budapest HUN
1965 — Stahlberg, Gideon vs Mnatsakanian, Eduard A — 1-0 — Erevan ARM
1969 — Anay Barche vs Gipslis, Aivars — 1-0 — Tallinn EST
1971 — Mueller, Thomas vs Bohatyrchuk, Fedir Parfenovych — 1/2-1/2 — corr NAICCC I

3…Nc6 — 4.0% (107 parties)

1959 — Matulovic, Milan vs Bertok, Mario Jr. — 1/2-1/2 — Kragujevac ch14-YUG
1972 — Masic, Ljubomir vs Ivkov, Borislav — 1/2-1/2 — Umag CRO
1972 — Lengyel, Levente vs Mista, Ladislav — 1/2-1/2 — Cienfuegos City CUB
1972 — Mista, Ladislav vs Levy, David N L — 1/2-1/2 — Cienfuegos City CUB
1973 — Gheorghiu, Florin vs Quinteros, Miguel A. — 1/2-1/2 — Torremolinos ESP

3…Nf6 — 3.8% (100 parties)

1978 — Piasetski, Leon vs Spraggett, Kevin — 0-1 — Toronto ch-CAN - zt
1979 — Murray, Peter vs Saxe, Barry — 1-0 — Toronto CAN
1979 — Tischbierek, Raj vs Hennings, Artur — 1-0 — Leipzig GER
1979 — Forintos, Gyozo V vs Hazai, Laszlo Dr. — 1-0 — Hungary ch
1981 — Keca, Dragomir vs Vukovic, Ivo — 1/2-1/2 — Arandjelovac

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