Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	—	—
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	—	—
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d5 (1v0)	● d4 (1v0)

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bf1	● Bf1 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bf8		● Bf8 Non développé (mob. 5)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	6 (● b1, ● g1, ● c1, ● f1, ● a1, ● h1)	6 (● b8, ● g8, ● c8, ● f8, ● a8, ● h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre	● Au centre
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	mobile
Ruptures	● d2-d4, ● f2-f4	● …d7-d5

A20a — English: King’s (1…e5)

1.c4 e5 * ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Centre mobile

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plans. Nc3 (Développer b1 — 68 % des parties) ; g3 (Préparer le fianchetto — 27 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plans. ...Nf6 (Développer g8 — 52 % des parties) ; ...Nc6 (Développer b8 — 26 % des parties) ; ...d6 (Libérer Bc8 — 6 % des parties) ; ...Bb4 (Clouer d2, Fou actif (mobilité 8), Développer f8 — 5 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Partie
1924 New York – Round 1 – Tartakower, Savielly – 0-1 – Lasker, Emanuel – G3 1. c4 e5 2. a3 Nf6 3. e3 Be7 4. Qc2 O-O 5. Nc3 d6 6. Nf3 Re8 7. Be2 Bf8 8. O-O Nc6 9. d4 Bg4 10. d5 Ne7
1926 DSV Kongress – Round 5 – Duenmann, Arthur – 1/2-1/2 – Wolf, Siegfried – G17 1. c4 e5 2. b3 d6 3. Bb2 Nh6 4. e3 Nc6 5. Nc3 Bf5 6. h3 Be7 7. g4 Bg6 8. e4 Nd4 9. Bg2 Ng8 10. Nge2 Nxe2
1949 Budapest-Moscow – Round 9 – Barcza, Gedeon – 0-1 – Bronstein, David I – G63 1. c4 e5 2. a3 Nf6 3. d3 a5 4. Nc3 d6 5. Nf3 Nbd7 6. e3 g6 7. Bd2 Bg7 8. b4 axb4 9. axb4 Rxa1 10. Qxa1 O-O
1961 Balcarce – Round 1 – Pelikan, Jan – 1-0 – Latorre Artal, Hector – G3 1. c4 e5 2. b3 Bc5 3. e3 Nc6 4. Bb2 Nf6 5. a3 a5 6. Qc2 d6 7. Nc3 Be6 8. Nf3 h6 9. Bd3 Qd7 10. Ne4 Ba7
1968 Hungary – Round 1 – Barcza, Gedeon – 1/2-1/2 – Honfi, K. – G4 1. c4 e5 2. a3 Nf6 3. e3 d6 4. Nc3 g6 5. Nf3 Bg7 6. Be2 O-O 7. O-O Nbd7 8. Qc2 Qe7 9. d3 c6 10. Bd2 Nh5
GCT Blitz Paris 2016 – Round 10.4 – Topalov, Veselin – 1/2-1/2 – Aronian, Levon – G49 1. c4 e5 2. b3 Nf6 3. Bb2 Nc6 4. e3 g6 5. d3 Bg7 6. Nf3 d6 7. Be2 O-O 8. a3 Nd7 9. Nc3 a5 10. O-O Re8
Hoogovens Blitz 1999 – Round 11 – Bosboom, Manuel – 1-0 – Van Wely, Loek – G33 1. c4 e5 2. a3 Nf6 3. e3 c6 4. Nf3 e4 5. Nd4 d5 6. cxd5 cxd5 7. d3 a6 8. Nc3 Bd6 9. dxe4 dxe4 10. Be2 O-O
Interpolis 1984 – Round 1 – Miles, Anthony J – 1-0 – Sosonko, Gennadi – G2 1. c4 e5 2. Qc2 Nf6 3. e3 Nc6 4. a3 g6 5. b4 Bg7 6. Bb2 d6 7. Nc3 O-O 8. d3 a5 9. b5 Ne7 10. Nf3 Nd7
Niksic 1983 – Round 9 – Larsen, Bent – 1-0 – Seirawan, Yasser – G57 1. c4 e5 2. b3 g6 3. Bb2 Bg7 4. g3 c5 5. Bg2 Ne7 6. Nc3 Nbc6 7. d3 d6 8. e3 Be6 9. Nd5 Bxd5 10. cxd5 Nb4
Norway Supreme Masters Blitz 2013 – Round 1.1 – Nakamura, Hikaru – 1-0 – Hammer, Jon Ludvig – G1 1. c4 e5 2. a3 Nf6 3. e3 c6 4. Nf3 e4 5. Nd4 d5 6. cxd5 cxd5 7. d3 Nc6 8. Nxc6 bxc6 9. Qc2 Bd7 10. Nd2 exd3
Norway Supreme Masters Blitz 2013 – Round 8.2 – Nakamura, Hikaru – 1-0 – Wang, Hao(ZJWZ) – G37 1. c4 e5 2. a3 Nf6 3. e3 c6 4. Nf3 e4 5. Nd4 d5 6. cxd5 cxd5 7. d3 Bc5 8. Nc3 O-O 9. Be2 exd3 10. Qxd3 Nc6
Saint Louis Blitz 2022 – Round 1.1 – Nakamura, Hikaru – 1-0 – Caruana, Fabiano – G1 1. c4 e5 2. a3 Nc6 3. Nc3 f5 4. g3 Nf6 5. Bg2 a5 6. e3 d6 7. d4 Be7 8. Nge2 O-O 9. O-O Kh8 10. Rb1 Qe8
Saint Louis Blitz 2022 – Round 18.5 – Nakamura, Hikaru – 1-0 – Xiong, Jeffery – G90 1. c4 e5 2. a3 Nf6 3. d3 g6 4. Nf3 Nc6 5. b4 d5 6. cxd5 Nxd5 7. Bb2 Bg7 8. e3 Qe7 9. Nbd2 O-O 10. Rc1 Rd8
Saint Louis Blitz 2022 – Round 8.4 – Nakamura, Hikaru – 1/2-1/2 – Nepomniachtchi, Ian – G39 1. c4 e5 2. a3 c6 3. d4 exd4 4. Nf3 d5 5. Nxd4 Nf6 6. cxd5 Nxd5 7. e4 Nf6 8. f3 Bc5 9. Be3 O-O 10. Nc3 Re8
Saint Louis Rapid 2021 – Round 4.5 – Rapport, Richard – 1/2-1/2 – Svidler, Peter – G20 1. c4 e5 2. b3 Nf6 3. Bb2 Nc6 4. Nf3 e4 5. Nd4 Bc5 6. Nf5 O-O 7. e3 d5 8. cxd5 Nb4 9. Ng3 Nbxd5 10. Nc3 Re8
Saint Louis Rapid 2022 – Round 9.1 – Nakamura, Hikaru – 0-1 – Caruana, Fabiano – G41 1. c4 e5 2. a3 Nf6 3. d3 c6 4. Nf3 Bd6 5. Bg5 Bc7 6. Nc3 h6 7. Bh4 d6 8. e3 O-O 9. Be2 Bf5 10. d4 Nbd7
Tata Steel India Blitz 2022 – Round 18.1 – Nakamura, Hikaru – 1-0 – Praggnanandhaa R – G83 1. c4 e5 2. a3 Nf6 3. d3 c6 4. Nf3 Bd6 5. Bg5 h6 6. Bh4 Bc7 7. Nc3 d6 8. e3 Nbd7 9. d4 Qe7 10. Be2 Nf8
World Blitz 2022 – Round 21.3 – Nakamura, Hikaru – 1/2-1/2 – Harikrishna, Pentala – G1114 1. c4 e5 2. a3 Nf6 3. d3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. Nf3 Nc6 6. e4 Nb6 7. Be2 Be7 8. Be3 O-O 9. O-O Kh8 10. b4 a6
World Blitz 2022 – Round 6.2 – Nakamura, Hikaru – 1-0 – Caruana, Fabiano – G296 1. c4 e5 2. a3 c6 3. d4 e4 4. d5 f5 5. Nc3 d6 6. dxc6 bxc6 7. Bf4 Nf6 8. e3 Be7 9. h3 O-O 10. Nge2 a5

A20a — King's English Variation (1924)

1.c4 e5

Les coups candidats

2.Nc3 — 68.5% (121906 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Uhlmann, Wolfgang (230x), Zielinski, Sergej (229x), ? (190x), Vetter, Udo (159x), Korchnoi, Viktor (155x), Hort, Vlastimil (123x), Taimanov, Mark (109x), Timman, Jan H (107x)

2.g3 — 26.8% (47781 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Suba, Mihai (111x), Foisor, Cristina-Adela (96x), B, Owen (84x), Weyerstrass, Ronald (80x), Vecek, Marjan (71x), Cekro, Ekrem (68x), Carlstedt, Jonathan (67x), Foisor, Ovidiu-Doru (62x)

2.d3 — 1.1% (2040 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Demeter, Peter (39x), Bocharov, Dmitry (27x), Groh, Jiri (24x), Csom, Istvan (23x), Gumularz, Szymon (19x), Reimann, Guenther (18x), Korobov, Dmitry A. (17x), Artemiev, Vladislav (12x)

2.Nf3 — 1.1% (1929 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Cardoso García, Sergio (79x), Rakhmanov, Aleksandr (75x), Cardoso, Sergio Carlos de Almeida (61x), Murey, Jacob (41x), Kermer, Wolf Dieter Dr (24x), Lisenko, Alexander V (22x), Romig, James (13x), Sliwa, Bogdan (12x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	2.Nc3	2.g3	2.d3	2.Nf3
<1800	14885	69%	25%	2%	1%
1800-2200	70336	68%	28%	1%	1%
2200-2600	58503	64%	32%	1%	1%
2600+	3167	58%	33%	5%	2%

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	2.Nc3	2.g3	2.d3	2.Nf3
1950s	915	89%	5%	1%	4%
1960s	1959	87%	9%	0%	3%
1970s	4250	92%	6%	0%	1%
1980s	7832	84%	13%	0%	1%
1990s	27938	80%	16%	1%	1%
2000s	45430	72%	23%	1%	1%
2010s	64612	60%	35%	1%	1%
2020s	25039	59%	34%	3%	1%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
2.Nc3	60%	59%	▼ -0.9%
2.g3	35%	34%	▼ -1.5%
2.d3	1%	3%	▲ +1.7%
2.Nf3	1%	1%	+0.3%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Botvinnik, Mikhail — 10 parties
Karpov, Anatoly — 10 parties
Smyslov, Vladimir — 10 parties
Tal, Mikhail — 10 parties
Kasparov, Garry — 10 parties
Anand, Viswanathan — 10 parties
Kramnik, Vladimir — 10 parties
Carlsen, Magnus — 10 parties
Ju, Wenjun — 10 parties
Ding, Liren — 10 parties
Gukesh D — 10 parties
Hou, Yifan — 9 parties
Fischer, Robert James — 1 partie
Lasker, Emanuel — 1 partie
Smyslov, Vassily — 1 partie

Parties historiques

2.Nc3 — 68.5% (121906 parties)

1950 — Rudenko, Ludmila vs Rubtsova, Olga — 1-0 — Moscow RUS
1950 — Szabo, Laszlo vs Smyslov, Vasily — 1/2-1/2 — Wch candidates
1950 — Florian, Tibor vs Balogh, Janos — 1/2-1/2 — Budapest HUN
1950 — Wilhelmy vs Walther, Edgar — 1-0 — cr.
1950 — Szilagyi, Gyorgy Laszlo vs Bely, Miklos — 1/2-1/2 — Budapest HUN

2.g3 — 26.8% (47781 parties)

1950 — Bogoljubow, Efim vs Heymann, Samuel — 1-0 — FRG-ch Bad Pyrmont GER
1950 — Keres, Paul vs Borisenko, Georgy K — 1-0 — Moskou ch-URS
1951 — Bakonyi, Elek vs Gecsei, Istvan — 1-0 — Hungary ch
1951 — Bakonyi, Elek vs Szilagyi, Gyorgy Laszlo — 1-0 — Budapest HUN
1951 — Bakonyi, Elek vs Borloy, Karoly — 1-0 — HUN-ch

2.d3 — 1.1% (2040 parties)

1950 — Canali, Adrien vs Magrin, Antonio — 1/2-1/2 — Milan ITA
1951 — Larsen, Bent vs Anne Hamad — 1-0 — Trondheim NOR
1952 — Paulus, Joseph vs Chaude de Silans, Chantal — 0-1 — Charleville Mezieres
1952 — Larsen, Bent vs Lindgard, Gayte — 1-0 — Trondheim NOR
1952 — Madsen, Edward vs Johansson, Ingemar 1966 — 0-1 — Helsinki olm

2.Nf3 — 1.1% (1929 parties)

1950 — Bachmann, Philipp vs Leepin, Peter — 0-1 — Lucerne SUI
1950 — Al Balushi, Shuaib Abdul Wahab vs Arlamowski, Lara — 0-1 — Schiavno Zdroj
1950 — Bachmann, Philipp vs Janda, Pavel — 1-0 — Switzerland
1950 — Erhart, Helmut vs Lokvenc, Joseph — 0-1 — Vienna AUT
1950 — Moller, Baldur Helgi vs Gilfer, Eggert — 1-0 — Reykjavik ISL

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