Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	—	—
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	—	● f5 (2v0)
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● e5 (1v0)	—

Colonnes et diagonales

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Semi-ouvertes	● e	● d

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bf1	● Bf1 Non développé (mob. 2)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bf8		● Bf8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	5 (● b1, ● c1, ● f1, ● a1, ● h1)	5 (● g8, ● c8, ● f8, ● a8, ● h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre	● Au centre
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	mobile

A09f — Reti: Advance, 3.e3 Nc6 4.exd4 Nxd4

1.Nf3 d5 2.c4 d4 3.e3 Nc6 4.exd4 Nxd4 * ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Centre mobile

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plans. Nxd4 (Cavalier centralisé en d4 — 96 % des parties) ; Nc3 (Développer b1 — 2 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

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Position équilibrée.

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Partie
1934 Bad Liebenwerda – Round 1 – Bluemich, Max – 0-1 – Becker, Albert – G4 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 d4 3. e3 Nc6 4. exd4 Nxd4 5. Nxd4 Qxd4 6. Nc3 c6 7. d3 Bg4 8. Be2 Bxe2 9. Nxe2 Qd7 10. O-O Nf6
1937 Hastings3738 – Round 9 – Fine, Richard Alvaro Adrien – 1/2-1/2 – Flohr, Salo – G37 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 d4 3. e3 Nc6 4. exd4 Nxd4 5. Nxd4 Qxd4 6. Nc3 Bg4 7. Be2 Bxe2 8. Qxe2 e6 9. O-O Nf6 10. d3 c6
1938 Noordwijk – Round 6 – Keres, Paul Petrovich – 1-0 – Euwe, Max – G31 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 d4 3. e3 Nc6 4. exd4 Nxd4 5. Nxd4 Qxd4 6. Nc3 Bg4 7. Qa4+ c6 8. d3 Nf6 9. Be3 Qd7 10. d4 e6
1939 Buenos Aires – Round 1 – Concepcion Villegas, Bryan Uriel – 0-1 – Piazzini – G27 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 d4 3. e3 Nc6 4. exd4 Nxd4 5. Nxd4 Qxd4 6. Nc3 Nf6 7. Nb5 Qb6 8. d4 e5 9. c5 Qc6 10. b4 a6
1940 Argentina – Round 12 – Maderna, Carlos – 1/2-1/2 – Piazzini, Luis – G10 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 d4 3. e3 Nc6 4. exd4 Nxd4 5. Nxd4 Qxd4 6. Nc3 Nf6 7. d3 e5 8. Be3 Qd8 9. Be2 c5 10. O-O Be7
1940 Argentina – Round 8 – Maderna, Carlos – 1/2-1/2 – Piazzini, Luis – G6 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 d4 3. e3 Nc6 4. exd4 Nxd4 5. Nxd4 Qxd4 6. Nc3 Nf6 7. d3 e5 8. Be3 Qd8 9. Be2 c6 10. O-O Bd6
1942 Salzburg – Round 8 – Junge, Kai – 0-1 – Alekhine, Alexander – G22 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 d4 3. e3 Nc6 4. exd4 Nxd4 5. Nxd4 Qxd4 6. Nc3 Nf6 7. d3 e5 8. Be2 Be7 9. Be3 Qd8 10. f4 exf4
1943 Mar del Plata – Round 1 – Maderna, Carlos – 0-1 – Stahlberg, Gideon – G12 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 d4 3. e3 Nc6 4. exd4 Nxd4 5. Nxd4 Qxd4 6. d3 e5 7. Nc3 Bc5 8. Be3 Qd6 9. Be2 Nf6 10. O-O c6
1943 Prague – Round 8 – Katetov, Miroslav – 1/2-1/2 – Alekhine, Alexander – G68 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 d4 3. e3 Nc6 4. exd4 Nxd4 5. Nxd4 Qxd4 6. Nc3 e5 7. d3 Bc5 8. Be3 Qd6 9. Nb5 Qe7 10. Bxc5 Qxc5
1943 Zlin – Round 3 – Sajtar, Jaroslav – 1/2-1/2 – Foltys, Miloslav – G26 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 d4 3. e3 Nc6 4. exd4 Nxd4 5. Nxd4 Qxd4 6. Nc3 e5 7. d3 Nf6 8. Be3 Qd8 9. Be2 c6 10. O-O Be7
1944 Moskou ch-URS – Round ? – Lilienthal, Andor – 1/2-1/2 – Flohr, Salo – G122 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 d4 3. e3 Nc6 4. exd4 Nxd4 5. Nxd4 Qxd4 6. Nc3 c6 7. d3 e5 8. Be3 Qd8 9. Be2 Nf6 10. O-O Be7
1944 Moskou ch-URS – Round 1 – Botvinnik, Mikhail – 1-0 – Flohr, Salo – G103 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 d4 3. e3 Nc6 4. exd4 Nxd4 5. Nxd4 Qxd4 6. Nc3 c6 7. d3 e5 8. Be3 Qd8 9. Be2 Nf6 10. O-O Be7
1945 Moscow Ch – Round 12 – Ragozin, Viacheslav – 1/2-1/2 – Flohr, Salo – G68 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 d4 3. e3 Nc6 4. exd4 Nxd4 5. Nxd4 Qxd4 6. Nc3 c6 7. d3 e5 8. Be3 Qd8 9. d4 exd4 10. Bxd4 Be6
1946 Mar del Plata – Round 6 – Maderna, Carlos – 1/2-1/2 – De Souza Mendes, Joao – G67 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 d4 3. e3 Nc6 4. exd4 Nxd4 5. Nxd4 Qxd4 6. Nc3 c6 7. d3 e5 8. Be3 Qd8 9. d4 exd4 10. Qxd4 Qxd4
1949 Oldenburg – Round 3 – Heemsoth, Hermann – 1-0 – Wood, Baruch – G17 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 d4 3. e3 Nc6 4. exd4 Nxd4 5. Nxd4 Qxd4 6. Nc3 e5 7. d3 Nf6 8. Be3 Qd8 9. Be2 Be7 10. O-O O-O
1950 Szcawno Zdroj – Round ? – Foltys, Jan – 1-0 – Gruenfeld, Ernst – G19 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 d4 3. e3 Nc6 4. exd4 Nxd4 5. Nxd4 Qxd4 6. Nc3 Bg4 7. Qa4+ Qd7 8. Qxd7+ Kxd7 9. h3 Bf5 10. d4 e6
1954 Dyckhoff Memorial A 5456 – Round ? – Heemsoth, Hermann – 1/2-1/2 – Nielsen, Julius – G25 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 d4 3. e3 Nc6 4. exd4 Nxd4 5. Nxd4 Qxd4 6. Nc3 c6 7. d3 e5 8. Be3 Qd8 9. Be2 Nf6 10. O-O Bd6
1955 Hungary Ch – Round 1 – Gereben, Erno – 0-1 – Bely, Matthieu – G77 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 d4 3. e3 Nc6 4. exd4 Nxd4 5. Nxd4 Qxd4 6. Nc3 e5 7. d3 Nf6 8. Be3 Qd8 9. Be2 Be7 10. O-O O-O
1956 Moscow olm prel – Round 3 – Homayoon Navabi, Amir – 0-1 – Rejfir, Josef – G105 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 d4 3. e3 Nc6 4. exd4 Nxd4 5. Nc3 Bg4 6. Qa4+ c6 7. Nxd4 Qxd4 8. d3 Nf6 9. Be3 Qd7 10. f3 Bf5
1959 Corr – Round 1 – Heemsoth, Hermann – 1-0 – Kuchta, Piotr – G27 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 d4 3. e3 Nc6 4. exd4 Nxd4 5. Nxd4 Qxd4 6. Nc3 e5 7. d3 Bc5 8. Be3 Qd6 9. Ne4 Bb4+ 10. Bd2 Bxd2+
1965 Hastings6566 – Round 9 – Pfleger, Helmut, Dr. – 1/2-1/2 – Lee, Peter N – G43 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 d4 3. e3 Nc6 4. exd4 Nxd4 5. Nxd4 Qxd4 6. d3 e5 7. Nc3 c6 8. Be3 Qd6 9. d4 exd4 10. Qxd4 Qxd4
7. World Team Championship 2010 – Round 8 – Sarwat, Walaa – 0-1 – Vitiugov, Nikita – G136 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 d4 3. e3 Nc6 4. exd4 Nxd4 5. Nxd4 Qxd4 6. Nc3 c6 7. d3 Nh6 8. Be3 Qd8 9. d4 Nf5 10. Be2 g6
Belgrade 1987 – Round 1 – Salov, Valery – 1/2-1/2 – Short, Nigel D – G35 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 d4 3. e3 Nc6 4. exd4 Nxd4 5. Nxd4 Qxd4 6. Nc3 e5 7. d3 Ne7 8. Qe2 Bd7 9. Be3 Qd6 10. O-O-O O-O-O
FIDE-Wch k.o. 1999 – Round 2.2 – Fridman, Daniel – 1/2-1/2 – Short, Nigel D – G70 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 d4 3. e3 Nc6 4. exd4 Nxd4 5. Nxd4 Qxd4 6. Nc3 c6 7. d3 Nh6 8. Be2 g6 9. Be3 Qd7 10. d4 Nf5
IBM 1978 – Round 11 – Langeweg, Kick – 1/2-1/2 – Hort, Vlastimil – G30 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 d4 3. e3 Nc6 4. exd4 Nxd4 5. Nxd4 Qxd4 6. Nc3 e5 7. d3 Ne7 8. Be3 Qd8 9. d4 exd4 10. Qxd4 Qxd4
London Classic Elite blitz 6th 2014 – Round 6.1 – Anand, Viswanathan – 0-1 – Kramnik, Vladimir – G16 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 d4 3. e3 Nc6 4. exd4 Nxd4 5. Nxd4 Qxd4 6. Nc3 c6 7. d3 Nh6 8. Be2 g6 9. h3 Bg7 10. g4 f5
Petropolis Interzonal 1973 – Round 14 – Panno, Oscar – 1-0 – Polugaevsky, Lev – G62 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 d4 3. e3 Nc6 4. exd4 Nxd4 5. Nxd4 Qxd4 6. d3 e5 7. Nc3 Nf6 8. Be2 c6 9. Be3 Qd8 10. d4 exd4
World Rapid 2021 – Round 3.73 – Lubczynski, Rafal – 0-1 – Christiansen, Johan-Sebastian – G191 1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 d4 3. e3 Nc6 4. exd4 Nxd4 5. Nxd4 Qxd4 6. Be2 Nh6 7. Nc3 c6 8. O-O Nf5 9. d3 g6 10. g4 Ng7

A09f — Reti: Advance (1934)

1.Nf3 d5 2.c4 d4 3.e3 Nc6 4.exd4 Nxd4

Les coups candidats

5.Nxd4 — 95.7% (784 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Espig, Lutz (9x), Hlavacek, Ladislav (7x), Rachela, Milan (6x), Josefsson, Kenneth (6x), Bukic, Enver (5x), Raetsky, Alexander (5x), Kappel, Ray D (5x), Granat, Simo (5x)

5.Nc3 — 1.7% (14 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Hlavacek, Ladislav (3x), Navabi, Abdolhossein (1x), Rejfir, Josef (1x), Eriksen, Henry (1x), De Smet, Karl (1x), Vovk, Andriy (1x), Noble, Mark Frederick (1x), Stantic, Severino (1x)

5.Be2 — 1.6% (13 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Mengarini, Ariel (2x), Formanek, Bedrich (1x), Poley, Vladimir (1x), Trepka, Jan (1x), Pecak, Ivan (1x), Trono, Cosimo (1x), Price, Brennan T (1x), Staniforth, Matthew (1x)

5.d3 — 0.5% (4 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Tan Stephan (1x), Krewett, Benedikt (1x), Aedo Trujillo, Martin (1x), Lima, Darcy (1x), Kappel, Ray D (1x), Dam, Joost van (1x), Delgado Caballero, Nigel Alejandro (1x), Herrera Jimenez, Mateo (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	5.Nxd4	5.Nc3	5.Be2	5.d3
<1800	34	91%	6%	—	3%
1800-2200	255	92%	2%	4%	0%
2200-2600	424	99%	1%	0%	—
2600+	17	100%	—	—	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	5.Nxd4	5.Nc3	5.Be2	5.d3
1950s	10	90%	10%	—	—
1960s	7	100%	—	—	—
1970s	28	100%	—	—	—
1980s	32	100%	—	—	—
1990s	99	96%	1%	2%	1%
2000s	193	96%	2%	1%	1%
2010s	331	95%	2%	2%	0%
2020s	119	96%	—	3%	1%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
5.Nxd4	95%	96%	▲ +1.2%
5.Nc3	2%	0%	▼ -2.4%
5.Be2	2%	3%	▲ +1.9%
5.d3	0%	1%	▲ +0.5%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Kramnik, Vladimir — 2 parties
Botvinnik, Mikhail — 1 partie
Tal, Mikhail — 1 partie
Anand, Viswanathan — 1 partie

Parties historiques

5.Nxd4 — 95.7% (784 parties)

1950 — Strelak vs Feuerstein, Arthur — 1-0 — Chocen
1950 — Vesely, Jiri vs Cucka, Josef — 1/2-1/2 — Chocen
1950 — Foltys, Jan vs Greenfeld, Alon — 1-0 — It Schiavno Zdroj POL
1954 — Lisitsin, Georgy vs Flohr, Salo — 1/2-1/2 — Ch URS Kiev UKR
1954 — Heemsoth, Hermann vs Nielsen, Julius — 1/2-1/2 — Dyckhoff Memorial A 5456

5.Nc3 — 1.7% (14 parties)

1956 — Navabi, Abdolhossein vs Rejfir, Josef — 0-1 — Moskou olm
1991 — Eriksen, Henry vs De Smet, Karl — 1/2-1/2 — BEL-DEN corr
2006 — Kochetkov, German vs Romanov, Egor — 0-1 — Minsk BLR
2007 — Vovk, Andriy vs Noble, Mark Frederick — 1/2-1/2 — FICGS
2008 — Friasayani, Muhammad Hendrik vs Schon, Eugene — 1-0 — Kuala Lumpur MAS

5.Be2 — 1.6% (13 parties)

1990 — Mengarini, Ariel vs Formanek, Bedrich — 0-1 — World Open Futurity
1991 — Mengarini, Ariel vs Poley, Vladimir — 1-0 — St Martin
2004 — Trepka, Jan vs Pecak, Ivan — 0-1 — Klatovy CZE
2007 — Trono, Cosimo vs Price, Brennan T — 0-1 — ICCF
2011 — Kohns, Norbert vs Mueller, Dominik — 1-0 — GER

5.d3 — 0.5% (4 parties)

1996 — Tan Stephan vs Krewett, Benedikt — 1/2-1/2 — ?
2001 — Aedo Trujillo, Martin vs Lima, Darcy — 0-1 — Itajai
2016 — Kappel, Ray D vs Dam, Joost van — 0-1 — ICCF
2024 — Delgado Caballero, Nigel Alejandro vs Herrera Jimenez, Mateo — 1-0 — ?

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