D94l — Gruenfeld: 5.e3 O-O 6.Be2 c5

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 d5 4.Nf3 Bg7 5.e3 O-O 6.Be2 c5 * ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Centre fermé

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Atouts. Les Blancs s'appuient sur les cases fortes b5 et e5 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Les fous enfermés en g7 et c8 et une pièce en prise (le pion en c5).

En contrepartie. Le roi n'est pas encore à l'abri et plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le fou c1 et les tours a1 et h1).

Plans. O-O (Mettre le roi en sécurité, connecter les tours) ; Bd2 (Développer Bc1) ; h3 (Empêcher ...Bg4).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Atouts. Les Noirs s'appuient sur les cases fortes e4, g4 et f5, un avant-poste en e4 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Les fous enfermés en c1 et e2 et le roi resté au centre.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le cavalier b8, le fou c8 et la tour a8).

Plans. ...Nbd7 (Développer Nb8) ; ...Bg4 (Développer Bc8, clouer Nf3) ; ...e6 (Rupture) ; ...e5 (Rupture).

Avantages

Faiblesses adverses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● f2→e3, e3→d4	● f7→g6, h7→g6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● b5 (2v0), ● e5 (2v0)	● e4 (2v1), ● g4 (2v0), ● f5 (2v0)
Cases faibles	—	● d5
Centre	● d4 (3v1), ● e5 (2v0)	● e4 (2v1)

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 1)
Be2	● Be2 Enfermé (mob. 2)
Bg7		● Bg7 Enfermé (mob. 2)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 5)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	3 (c1, a1, h1)	3 (b8, c8, a8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre !	● Roqué
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	—

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	fermé
Ruptures	● e3-e4	● …e7-e6, ● …e7-e5

Partie
1952 Helsinki olm – Round 1 – Aloni, Itzchak – 0-1 – Geller, Efim P – G114 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 Bg7 4. e3 O-O 5. Nf3 d5 6. Be2 c5 7. O-O cxd4 8. exd4 Nc6 9. Be3 Bg4 10. h3 Bxf3
1952 Saltsjobaden Interzonal – Round 12 – Barcza, Gedeon – 1/2-1/2 – Gligorić, Svetozar – G108 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 g6 3. Nf3 Bg7 4. e3 O-O 5. d4 d5 6. Be2 c5 7. dxc5 dxc4 8. Qxd8 Rxd8 9. Bxc4 Nbd7 10. c6 bxc6
1955 Voros Lobogo – Round 6 – Szollosi, Laszlo – 0-1 – Benko, Pal – G31 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. e3 O-O 6. Be2 c5 7. dxc5 Qa5 8. O-O dxc4 9. Qa4 Qxc5 10. Qxc4 Qxc4
1956 Moscow olm prel – Round 5 – Reissman, Paul – 0-1 – Milev, Zdravko – G149 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. e3 O-O 6. Be2 c5 7. O-O cxd4 8. exd4 Nc6 9. Be3 Be6 10. c5 Ne4
1957 Warchau ch POL – Round 16 – Gabrys, Zygmunt – 0-1 – Plater, Kazimierz – G84 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. e3 O-O 6. Be2 c5 7. O-O cxd4 8. exd4 Nc6 9. h3 dxc4 10. Bxc4 e6
1958 BUL Ch – Round ? – Minev, Nikolay N – 1/2-1/2 – Orev, Petar – G17 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 c5 3. e3 g6 4. Nc3 Bg7 5. Nf3 O-O 6. Be2 d5 7. dxc5 Qa5 8. cxd5 Nxd5 9. Qxd5 Bxc3+ 10. Kf1 Rd8
1958 It Kienbaum GER – Round 10 – Neikirkh, Oleg – 1/2-1/2 – Uhlmann, Wolfgang – G14 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. e3 O-O 6. Be2 c5 7. O-O cxd4 8. exd4 Nc6 9. Bf4 Bg4 10. c5 Ne4
1961 Marianske Lazne zt – Round 13 – Ghitescu, Theodor – 1/2-1/2 – Uhlmann, Wolfgang – G90 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. e3 O-O 6. Be2 c5 7. dxc5 Qa5 8. cxd5 Nxd5 9. Qxd5 Bxc3+ 10. Bd2 Bxd2+
1961 ROM Ch – Round 3 – Mititelu, Gheorghe – 1/2-1/2 – Botez, Constantin – G16 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. e3 O-O 6. Be2 c5 7. dxc5 Qa5 8. cxd5 Nxd5 9. Qxd5 Bxc3+ 10. bxc3 Qxc3+
1961 Sarajevo – Round 11 – Sofrevski, Jovan – 1/2-1/2 – Pachman, Ludek – G49 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. e3 O-O 6. Be2 c5 7. dxc5 Qa5 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 Qxc5 10. Qd4 Qh5
1963 Copenhagen – Round 1.5 – Delander, Adolf – 1/2-1/2 – Kolvig, Bent – G11 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. e3 O-O 6. Be2 c5 7. dxc5 Qa5 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 Qxc5 10. Qd4 Qh5
1964 Tel Aviv olm fin-B – Round 10 – Ottati Sanchez, Alberto Andrey – 0-1 – Malich, Burkhard, Dr. – G119 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. e3 Bg7 5. Nf3 O-O 6. Be2 c5 7. O-O cxd4 8. exd4 Nc6 9. Be3 dxc4 10. Qa4 Na5
1965 Budapest – Round 1 – Pirc, Vasja – 0-1 – Malich, Burkhard, Dr. – G51 1. Nf3 c5 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 Bg7 4. e3 Nf6 5. d4 O-O 6. Be2 d5 7. O-O cxd4 8. exd4 Nc6 9. Bf4 dxc4 10. d5 Na5
1965 Leipzig Inter 1st – Round 10 – Baumbach, Friedrich, Dr. – 1-0 – Malich, Burkhard, Dr. – G12 1. Nf3 g6 2. c4 Bg7 3. Nc3 c5 4. e3 Nf6 5. d4 O-O 6. Be2 d5 7. dxc5 Qa5 8. Bd2 Qxc5 9. b4 Qd6 10. c5 Qd8
1965 Santiago – Round 1 – Schroeder, Eduardo – 1-0 – Flores Alvarez, Rodrigo – G7 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. e3 O-O 6. Be2 c5 7. dxc5 Qa5 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 Qxc5 10. Qe2 Nc6
1965 Sarajevo – Round 1 – Kozomara, Vlado – 1/2-1/2 – Trifunovic, Petar – G13 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. c4 Bg7 4. e3 c5 5. Nc3 O-O 6. Be2 d5 7. dxc5 dxc4 8. O-O Nbd7 9. c6 bxc6 10. Bxc4 Nb6
1966 Havana – Round 1 – Pereira Cuellar, Miguel – 1/2-1/2 – Gadia, Olicio – G13 1. d4 c5 2. e3 Nf6 3. c4 g6 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. Nc3 O-O 6. Be2 d5 7. dxc5 Qa5 8. Bd2 Qxc5 9. b4 Qd6 10. Rc1 dxc4
1966 Havana CUB – Round 5 – Delgado Suarez, Simon – 0-1 – Palmason, Gudmundur – G38 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 c5 3. e3 g6 4. Nc3 Bg7 5. Nf3 O-O 6. Be2 d5 7. dxc5 Qa5 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 Qxc5 10. Be2 Nc6
1966 Hoogovens 28th – Round 8 – Bobotsov, Milko G – 1/2-1/2 – Filip, Marius Liviu – G22 1. c4 Nf6 2. d4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. e3 O-O 6. Be2 c5 7. dxc5 Qa5 8. Bd2 Qxc5 9. b4 Qd6 10. c5 Qc7
1966 Malmo – Round 11 – Horberg, Bengt-Eric – 0-1 – Bergman Olsson, Eleonora – G29 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. e3 Bg7 5. Nf3 O-O 6. Be2 c5 7. dxc5 Qa5 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 Qxc5 10. Qe2 Bg4
1966 Parcetic Memorial 2nd – Round 10 – Malich, Burkhard, Dr. – 1/2-1/2 – Maric, Rudolf – G44 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. e3 O-O 6. Be2 c5 7. dxc5 Qa5 8. Bd2 Qxc5 9. b4 Qd6 10. c5 Qd8
1966 Rzeszow ch POL – Round 4 – Balcerowski, Witold – 1-0 – Witkowski, Stefan – G23 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. e3 O-O 6. Be2 c5 7. O-O cxd4 8. exd4 dxc4 9. Bxc4 Bg4 10. d5 Ne8
1966 Titovo Uzice – Round 1 – Pachman, Ludek – 1/2-1/2 – Gligorić, Svetozar – G29 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. e3 O-O 6. Be2 c5 7. dxc5 dxc4 8. Qxd8 Rxd8 9. Bxc4 Nbd7 10. c6 bxc6
1966 WchTJ U26 fin-A – Round 4 – Kagan, Shimon – 0-1 – Savon, Vladimir – G18 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. e3 O-O 6. Be2 c5 7. dxc5 Qa5 8. Qb3 Nbd7 9. cxd5 Nxc5 10. Qb5 Qxb5
1967 Oxford ch-BCF – Round 6 – Hollis, Adrian – 1-0 – Webb, Samuel – G59 1. Nf3 c5 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 Bg7 4. e3 Nf6 5. d4 O-O 6. Be2 d5 7. dxc5 Qa5 8. cxd5 Ne4 9. Bd2 Nxc3 10. bxc3 Qxc5
1967 Sarajevo – Round 10 – Kozomara, Vlado – 0-1 – Benko, Pal – G54 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 c5 3. e3 g6 4. c4 Bg7 5. Nc3 O-O 6. Be2 d5 7. dxc5 Qa5 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 Qxc5 10. Qd4 Nbd7
1968 Hastings6869 – Round 1 – Kottnauer, Cenek – 1/2-1/2 – Persitz, Raaphi – G3 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. e3 O-O 6. Be2 c5 7. dxc5 dxc4 8. Qxd8 Rxd8 9. Bxc4 Nbd7 10. c6 bxc6
1968 Kislovodsk – Round 3 – Knezevic, Milorad – 1/2-1/2 – Honfi, Karoly – G37 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. e3 O-O 6. Be2 c5 7. dxc5 Qa5 8. Bd2 dxc4 9. Qa4 Qxa4 10. Nxa4 Ne4
1969 Raach zt – Round 19 – Adamski, Jan – 1/2-1/2 – Dueball, Juergen – G160 1. Nf3 g6 2. c4 Bg7 3. d4 Nf6 4. Nc3 d5 5. e3 O-O 6. Be2 c5 7. dxc5 Qa5 8. Bd2 dxc4 9. Na4 Qc7 10. Bxc4 Ne4
1969 Vrsac – Round 15 – Deze, Anton – 1/2-1/2 – Benko, Pal – G91 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 c5 3. e3 g6 4. Nc3 Bg7 5. Nf3 O-O 6. Be2 d5 7. dxc5 Qa5 8. O-O dxc4 9. Qa4 Qxc5 10. Qxc4 Qxc4
1971 Hoogovens – Round 1 – Van Scheltinga, Theo – 1/2-1/2 – Adorjan, Andras – G106 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. e3 O-O 6. Be2 c5 7. O-O cxd4 8. exd4 Nc6 9. Be3 dxc4 10. Bxc4 Na5
1975 URS Team Ch – Round 1 – Nei, Iivo – 1-0 – Butnorius, Algimantas – G8 1. c4 c5 2. Nc3 g6 3. Nf3 Bg7 4. e3 Nf6 5. d4 O-O 6. Be2 d5 7. O-O dxc4 8. Bxc4 cxd4 9. exd4 Bg4 10. Be3 Nc6
1975 URS Team Ch – Round 4 – Chukaev, Egor – 1/2-1/2 – Gutman, Lev – G39 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 d5 3. d4 g6 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. e3 O-O 6. Be2 c5 7. dxc5 Qa5 8. cxd5 Nxd5 9. Qxd5 Bxc3+ 10. Bd2 Rd8
20. European Teams 2015 – Round 4.10 – Blomqvist, Erik – 0-1 – Wagner, Dennis – G155 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. e3 O-O 6. Be2 c5 7. dxc5 dxc4 8. O-O Qa5 9. Qd4 Nbd7 10. Qxc4 Qxc5
75. Tata Steel GpA 2013 – Round 3.1 – Sokolov, Ivan. – 1/2-1/2 – Giri, Anish – G11 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. e3 O-O 6. Be2 c5 7. dxc5 dxc4 8. Qa4 Nd5 9. O-O Na6 10. Qxc4 Nxc3
FIDE GP Paris 2013 – Round 2.1 – Tomashevsky, Evgeny – 1/2-1/2 – Gelfand, Boris – G7 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. e3 O-O 6. Be2 c5 7. dxc5 Qa5 8. cxd5 Nxd5 9. Qxd5 Bxc3+ 10. Bd2 Rd8
FIDE World Rapid Championship 2014 – Round 12.36 – Milov, Vadim – 1/2-1/2 – Volokitin, Andrei – G42 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. e3 O-O 6. Be2 c5 7. dxc5 dxc4 8. O-O Qa5 9. Qd4 Na6 10. Qxc4 Qxc5
Qatar Masters Open 2015 – Round 2.19 – Xu, Yinglun – 1/2-1/2 – Sjugirov, Sanan – G57 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. e3 O-O 6. Be2 c5 7. dxc5 dxc4 8. O-O Qa5 9. Qd4 Nbd7 10. c6 bxc6
SportAccord Blitz Men 2012 – Round 3.3 – Mamedyarov, Shakhriyar – 1-0 – Giri, Anish – G17 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. e3 Bg7 5. Nf3 O-O 6. Be2 c5 7. dxc5 dxc4 8. O-O Na6 9. Qd4 Qc7 10. Bxc4 Nxc5

D94l —

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 d5 4.Nf3 Bg7 5.e3 O-O 6.Be2 c5

Eval: [-0.06]

Les coups candidats

7.O-O — 61.8% (1294 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Malich, Burkhard, Dr. (6x), Frey Beckman, Kenneth (6x), Kindl, Peter (6x), Novkovic, Milan (6x), Sisniega Campbell, Marcel (5x), Poettinger, Harald (4x), Sbarra, Marco (4x), Roemer, Ulrich (4x)

7.dxc5 — 28.8% (603 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Lewtak, Damian (6x), Malich, Burkhard, Dr. (5x), Pachman, Ludek (4x), Milov, Vadim (4x), Govedarica, Lena (4x), Benko, Pal (3x), Ribli, Zoltan (3x), Szneider, Kazimierz (3x)

7.cxd5 — 6.9% (144 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Christiansen, Larry (2x), Myllyniemi, Martti (2x), Gonzalez Fernandez Baca, Said Omar (1x), Pasero, Pedro (1x), Joffe, Manne (1x), Boey, Josef (1x), Seirawan, Yasser (1x), Tarjan, James (1x)

7.h3 — 1.2% (25 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Monin, Nikolay (3x), Vragoteris, Antonios (2x), Uusi-Oukari, Seppo (1x), Laine, Heikki (1x), Weiss, Michael (1x), Tukmakov, Vladimir B (1x), Wojtkiewicz, Aleksander (1x), Borcsok, Laszlo (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	7.O-O	7.dxc5	7.cxd5	7.h3
<1800	90	61%	24%	8%	2%
1800-2200	781	63%	26%	9%	1%
2200-2600	753	61%	31%	5%	1%
2600+	17	35%	65%	—	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	7.O-O	7.dxc5	7.cxd5	7.h3
1940s	3	67%	—	33%	—
1950s	9	56%	33%	11%	—
1960s	41	20%	80%	—	—
1970s	112	53%	42%	4%	—
1980s	150	69%	21%	9%	1%
1990s	407	68%	21%	7%	2%
2000s	557	66%	24%	9%	1%
2010s	709	58%	33%	6%	1%
2020s	106	58%	33%	5%	3%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
7.O-O	58%	58%	▼ -0.7%
7.dxc5	33%	33%	+0.0%
7.cxd5	6%	5%	▼ -1.1%
7.h3	1%	3%	▲ +1.7%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Kramnik, Vladimir — 1 partie
Ju, Wenjun — 1 partie

Parties historiques

7.O-O — 61.8% (1294 parties)

1944 — Duchamp, Emile vs Koltanowski — 0-1 — New York, NY USA
1947 — Ahues, Carl vs Heinicke, Herbert — 1/2-1/2 — Schachmeisterturnier
1952 — Aloni, Itzchak vs Geller, Efim P. — 0-1 — Helsinki olm
1956 — Reissman, Paul vs Milev, Zdravko — 0-1 — Moscow RUS
1957 — Gabrys, Zygmunt vs Plater, Kazimierz — 0-1 — Warchau ch POL

7.dxc5 — 28.8% (603 parties)

1952 — Barcza, Gedeon vs Gligorić, Svetozar — 1/2-1/2 — Saltsjobaden SWE
1955 — Szollosi, Laszlo vs Benko, Pal — 0-1 — Voros Lobogo
1958 — Minev, Nikolay N vs Orev, Petar — 1/2-1/2 — Sofia BUL
1961 — Malich, Burkhard, Dr. vs Uhlmann, Wolfgang — 1/2-1/2 — Premnitz GER
1961 — Ghitescu, Theodor vs Uhlmann, Wolfgang — 1/2-1/2 — Marianske Lazne

7.cxd5 — 6.9% (144 parties)

1946 — Gonzalez Fernandez Baca, Said Omar vs Pasero, Pedro — 0-1 — San Francisco, CA USA
1956 — Joffe, Manne vs Boey, Josef — 1/2-1/2 — Moscow RUS
1973 — Christiansen, Larry vs Buchenthal, Dieter — 1-0 — Bamberg
1973 — Ujtelky, Maximilian vs Adamski, Jan — 0-1 — Stary Smokovec SVK
1974 — Rodriguez Cespedes, Amador vs Ghizdavu, Dumitru — 1-0 — Bucharest ROU

7.h3 — 1.2% (25 parties)

1988 — Uusi-Oukari, Seppo vs Laine, Heikki — 1/2-1/2 — Tampere
1991 — Vragoteris, Antonios vs Tukmakov, Vladimir B — 0-1 — Kavala GRE
1992 — Monin, Nikolay vs Weiss, Michael — 1/2-1/2 — Kecskemet ch
1992 — Vragoteris, Antonios vs Wojtkiewicz, Aleksander — 0-1 — Athens GRE
1992 — Monin, Nikolay vs Borcsok, Laszlo — 1-0 — Budapest open

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