D27w — QGA: Classical, Rubinstein, 8.Qe2 cxd4, 11.Nc3 Nd5

1.d4 d5 2.c4 dxc4 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.e3 e6 5.Bxc4 c5 6.O-O a6 7.a4 Nc6 8.Qe2 cxd4 9.Rd1 Be7 10.exd4 O-O 11.Nc3 Nd5 * ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Centre semi-ouvert

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Avantages : case forte d4, case forte e4, case forte e5, case forte g5, Bc4 actif, paire de fous, colonne e.
Faiblesses adverses : arriéré b7, Bc8 enfermé.
Problèmes : Bc1 enfermé, arriéré b2, isolé d4.
Plans :
● Be3 — Développer Bc1
● h3 — Empêcher ...Bg4
● Rc — Tour sur colonne c
● Re — Tour sur colonne e

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Avantages : case forte b4, avant-poste d5(C), Be7 actif, paire de fous, colonne d.
Faiblesses adverses : arriéré b2, isolé d4, Bc1 enfermé.
Problèmes : Bc8 enfermé, arriéré b7.
Plans :
● ...Bd7 — PRIORITÉ: libérer le Bc8 (...Bd7, b6+Bb7, ...Bg4, ...Bf5)
● ...Na5 — Attaquer Bc4
● ...Bg4 — Clouer Nf3
● ...e5 — Rupture
● ...f6 — Rupture

Avantages

Faiblesses adverses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

D27w — Classical Rubinstein

1.d4 d5 2.c4 dxc4 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.e3 e6 5.Bxc4 c5 6.O-O a6 7.a4 Nc6 8.Qe2 cxd4 9.Rd1 Be7 10.exd4 O-O 11.Nc3 Nd5

Eval: [+0.38]

Les coups candidats

12.Qe4 — 30.7% (293 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Novikov, Igor (13x), Tal, Mikhail (6x), Garcia Palermo, Carlos Horacio (6x), Ibragimov, Ildar (6x), Marin, Mihail (6x), Petrosian, Tigran V. (5x), Portisch, Lajos (5x), Semkov, Semko (5x)

12.Bd3 — 19.7% (188 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Portisch, Lajos (6x), Gligoric, Svetozar (6x), Suetin, Alexey S (5x), Panno, Oscar (5x), Novikov, Igor (5x), Naumkin, Igor (5x), Garcia Palermo, Carlos Horacio (4x), Gligorić, Svetozar (3x)

12.Bb3 — 17.1% (163 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Brunsteins, Daniel (4x), Ilyin, Pavel Egorovich (4x), Sadler, Matthew D (3x), Vaulin, Alexander P. (3x), Lukacs, Peter (3x), Gromov, Sergey Vasilievich (3x), Mroczek, Jacek (3x), Magerramov, Elmar (2x)

12.Ne5 — 9.0% (86 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Kostyra, Stanislaw (2x), Kharlov, Andrei (2x), Maric, Alisa (2x), Ioseliani, Nana (2x), Salakhova, Gulnara (2x), Roemer, Ulrich (2x), Malac, Miroslav (2x), Arnold, Lothar (2x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	12.Qe4	12.Bd3	12.Bb3	12.Ne5
<1800	10	40%	—	30%	30%
1800-2200	208	24%	13%	23%	12%
2200-2600	594	33%	21%	16%	7%
2600+	32	41%	25%	16%	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	12.Qe4	12.Bd3	12.Bb3	12.Ne5
1930s	1	—	—	—	—
1960s	10	10%	80%	—	—
1970s	37	35%	46%	—	5%
1980s	134	42%	36%	1%	5%
1990s	215	34%	21%	9%	7%
2000s	284	26%	16%	26%	14%
2010s	249	27%	8%	27%	7%
2020s	25	32%	8%	16%	12%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
12.Qe4	27%	32%	▲ +5.1%
12.Bd3	8%	8%	-0.4%
12.Bb3	27%	16%	▼ -10.5%
12.Ne5	7%	12%	▲ +4.8%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Tal, Mikhail — 6 parties
Karpov, Aleksandr — 2 parties
Botvinnik, Mikhail — 1 partie
Smyslov, Vladimir — 1 partie
Karpov, Anatoly — 1 partie
Kramnik, Vladimir — 1 partie
Kasparov, Garry — 1 partie

Parties historiques

12.Qe4 — 30.7% (293 parties)

1964 — Spiridonov, Nikola vs Bialas, Wolfram — 1/2-1/2 — Tel Aviv ISR
1971 — Petrosian, Tigran V. vs Spassky, Boris V. — 1-0 — Moscow RUS
1972 — Kholmov, Ratmir D vs Tukmakov, Vladimir B — 1/2-1/2 — Moscow RUS
1972 — Kholmov, Ratmir D vs Tukmakov, Vladimir B — 1/2-1/2 — Moscow RUS
1972 — Brilla-Banfalvi, Sandor vs Alexander, Conol Hugh — 0-1 — corr

12.Bd3 — 19.7% (188 parties)

1963 — Gligorić, Svetozar vs Suetin, Alexey S — 1-0 — Rijeka
1963 — Botvinnik, Mikhail vs Petrosian, Tigran V. — 1/2-1/2 — Moscow RUS
1964 — Baumbach, Friedrich, Dr. vs Maton, Amandine — 1-0 — cr.
1965 — Gligorić, Svetozar vs Korchnoi, Viktor — 1/2-1/2 — Belgrade SRB
1965 — Ivkov, Borislav vs Marić, Rudolf — 1-0 — Titograd

12.Bb3 — 17.1% (163 parties)

1987 — Hort, Vlastimil vs Chandler, Murray G — 1/2-1/2 — Biel SUI
1991 — Magerramov, Elmar vs Ibragimov Imron — 1/2-1/2 — Moskou ch-URS
1992 — Akesson, Ralf vs Sadler, Matthew D — 0-1 — Copenhagen DEN
1992 — Naumkin, Igor vs Sadler, Matthew D — 0-1 — Ostende open
1992 — Mueller, Karsten, Dr. vs Sadler, Matthew D — 1-0 — Altensteig GER

12.Ne5 — 9.0% (86 parties)

1970 — Larsen, Benjamin Holsko vs Spassky, Boris V. — 0-1 — Oegstgeest
1977 — Fernandez Oteiza Abel A vs Bartis, Gustavo — 0-1 — ?
1981 — Jakat, Thomas vs Kostyra, Stanislaw — 1/2-1/2 — Rostock GER
1983 — Schweber, Samuel vs Hase, Juan Carlos — 1/2-1/2 — Buenos Aires ARG
1983 — Lukov, Valentin vs Garcia Palermo, Carlos Horacio — 1-0 — Cienfuegos City CUB

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	● d4	—
Arriérés	● b2	● b7
Chaînes	—	● b7→a6, f7→e6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● d4 (2v1), ● e4 (2v0), ● e5 (3v1), ● g5 (2v1)	● b4 (3v0)
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d4 (2v1), ● e4 (2v0), ● e5 (3v1)	—

Colonnes et diagonales

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Ouvertes	● c	● c
Semi-ouvertes	● e	● d

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bc4	● Bc4 Actif (mob. 6)
Be7		● Be7 Actif (mob. 7)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 1)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	2 (c1, a1)	2 (c8, a8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Roqué	● Roqué
Droits de roque	—	—

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	semi-ouvert
Ruptures	—	● …e6-e5, ● …f7-f6, ● …f7-f5

Partie
1935 Buenos Aires – Round 11 – Grau, Roberto G – 0-1 – Piazzini, Luis – G86 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. d4 d5 4. Nc3 c5 5. e3 dxc4 6. Bxc4 Nc6 7. O-O a6 8. a4 Be7 9. Qe2 cxd4 10. Rd1 O-O
1963 JUG-URS – Round ? – Gligorić, Svetozar – 1-0 – Suetin, Alexey S – G21 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. e3 e6 5. Bxc4 c5 6. O-O a6 7. a4 Nc6 8. Qe2 cxd4 9. Rd1 Be7 10. exd4 O-O
1964 Corr – Round 1 – Baumbach, Friedrich, Dr. – 1-0 – Maton, Amandine – G2 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. e3 e6 5. Bxc4 c5 6. O-O a6 7. a4 Nc6 8. Qe2 cxd4 9. Rd1 Be7 10. exd4 O-O
1964 Tel Aviv olm fin-A – Round 2 – Spiridonov, Nikola – 1/2-1/2 – Bialas, Wolfram – G26 1. d4 d5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. c4 dxc4 4. e3 e6 5. Bxc4 c5 6. O-O a6 7. a4 Nc6 8. Qe2 cxd4 9. Rd1 Be7 10. exd4 O-O
1965 Belgrade – Round 1 – Gligorić, Svetozar – 1/2-1/2 – Korchnoi, Viktor – G1 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. e3 e6 5. Bxc4 c5 6. O-O a6 7. a4 Nc6 8. Qe2 cxd4 9. Rd1 Be7 10. exd4 O-O
1965 Titograd – Round 10 – Ivkov, Borislav – 1-0 – Marić, Rudolf – G67 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. e3 e6 5. Bxc4 c5 6. O-O a6 7. a4 Nc6 8. Qe2 cxd4 9. Rd1 Be7 10. exd4 O-O
1965 Wch women Riga LAT – Round 5 – Kushnir Aleksandr – 0-1 – Gaprindashvili, Nona – G5 1. d4 d5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. c4 dxc4 4. e3 e6 5. Bxc4 c5 6. O-O a6 7. a4 Nc6 8. Qe2 cxd4 9. Rd1 Be7 10. exd4 O-O
1966 Titovo Uzice – Round ? – Gligorić, Svetozar – 0-1 – Suetin, Alexey S – G98 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. e3 e6 5. Bxc4 c5 6. O-O a6 7. a4 Nc6 8. Qe2 cxd4 9. Rd1 Be7 10. exd4 O-O
Alekhine Memorial 1971 – Round 1 – Petrosian, Tigran V – 1-0 – Spassky, Boris V. – G8 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. e3 e6 5. Bxc4 c5 6. O-O a6 7. a4 Nc6 8. Qe2 cxd4 9. Rd1 Be7 10. exd4 O-O
Amber Rapidplay 2000 – Round 4 – Gelfand, Boris – 1/2-1/2 – Ivanchuk, Vasyl – G19 1. Nf3 d5 2. d4 e6 3. c4 dxc4 4. e3 c5 5. Bxc4 Nf6 6. O-O a6 7. a4 Nc6 8. Qe2 cxd4 9. Rd1 Be7 10. exd4 O-O
Braingames WCC 2000 – Round 6 – Kramnik, Vladimir – 1/2-1/2 – Kasparov, Garry – G3 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nf3 e6 4. e3 c5 5. Bxc4 a6 6. O-O Nf6 7. a4 Nc6 8. Qe2 cxd4 9. Rd1 Be7 10. exd4 O-O
Brussels blitz 1987 – Round 1 – Karpov, Anatoly – 0-1 – Huebner, Robert – G14 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. e3 Nf6 4. Bxc4 e6 5. Nc3 c5 6. Nf3 a6 7. a4 Nc6 8. O-O Be7 9. Qe2 cxd4 10. Rd1 O-O
Brussels blitz 1987 – Round 1 – Ljubojevic, Ljubomir – 0-1 – Huebner, Robert – G18 1. d4 d5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. c4 dxc4 4. e3 e6 5. Bxc4 c5 6. O-O a6 7. a4 Nc6 8. Qe2 cxd4 9. Rd1 Be7 10. exd4 O-O
Bugojno 1978 – Round 1 – Gligoric, Svetozar – 0-1 – Portisch, Lajos – G13 1. Nf3 d5 2. d4 Nf6 3. c4 dxc4 4. e3 e6 5. Bxc4 a6 6. a4 c5 7. O-O Nc6 8. Qe2 cxd4 9. Rd1 Be7 10. exd4 O-O
Bugojno 1978 – Round 3 – Gligoric, Svetozar – 0-1 – Portisch, Lajos – G21 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. e3 e6 5. Bxc4 c5 6. O-O a6 7. a4 Nc6 8. Qe2 cxd4 9. Rd1 Be7 10. exd4 O-O
Manila Interzonal 1976 – Round 12 – Spassky, Boris V. – 1/2-1/2 – Pachman, Ludek – G50 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. e3 e6 5. Bxc4 c5 6. O-O a6 7. a4 Nc6 8. Qe2 cxd4 9. Rd1 Be7 10. exd4 O-O
Manila Interzonal 1976 – Round 7 – Polugaevsky, Lev – 0-1 – Hort, Vlastimil – G31 1. Nf3 d5 2. d4 Nf6 3. c4 dxc4 4. e3 e6 5. Bxc4 c5 6. O-O Nc6 7. Qe2 a6 8. a4 cxd4 9. Rd1 Be7 10. exd4 O-O
Rio de Janeiro Interzonal 1979 – Round 12 – Petrosian, Tigran V – 1/2-1/2 – Portisch, Lajos – G36 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. e3 e6 5. Bxc4 c5 6. O-O a6 7. a4 Nc6 8. Qe2 cxd4 9. Rd1 Be7 10. exd4 O-O
World Cup 1988 – Round 1 – Tal, Mikhail – 1/2-1/2 – Ehlvest, Jaan – G10 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. e3 e6 5. Bxc4 c5 6. O-O a6 7. a4 Nc6 8. Nc3 Be7 9. Qe2 cxd4 10. Rd1 O-O
XXIII Rapid KO 2010 – Round 1.4 – Aronian, Levon – 1-0 – Dominguez Perez, Leinier – G7 1. d4 d5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. c4 dxc4 4. e3 e6 5. Bxc4 a6 6. O-O c5 7. a4 Nc6 8. Qe2 cxd4 9. Rd1 Be7 10. exd4 O-O

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