C99c — Spanish: Closed, Chigorin, 13…Bd7 14.Nf1

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 O-O 8.c3 d6 9.h3 Na5 10.Bc2 c5 11.d4 Qc7 12.Nbd2 cxd4 13.cxd4 Bd7 14.Nf1 * ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre fermé

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Atouts. Les Blancs s'appuient sur la case forte g5, un fou actif en c2 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Le fou enfermé en e7.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le fou c1 et la tour a1).

Plans. Bg5 (Clouer Nf6) ; Tour sur colonne c.

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Atouts. Les Noirs s'appuient sur la case forte c4, un fou actif en d7 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Le fou enfermé en c1 et un mauvais fou en c2.

Plans. ...d5 (Rupture) ; Tour sur colonne c.

Avantages

Faiblesses adverses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● g2→h3	● a6→b5, d6→e5
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● g5 (2v0)	● c4 (3v0)
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d4 (2v1), ● e4 (2v1), ● e5 (2v1)	—

Colonnes et diagonales

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Ouvertes	● c	● c

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bc2	● Bc2 Actif (mob. 4)
Bd7		● Bd7 Actif (mob. 7)
Be7		● Be7 Enfermé (mob. 1)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	2 (c1, a1)	1 (a8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Roqué	● Roqué
Droits de roque	—	—

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	fermé
Ruptures	● d4-d5	● …d6-d5

Partie
1924 New York – Round 18 – Maroczy, Geza – 1/2-1/2 – Reti, Richard – G82 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1931 Praag ol – Round 19 – Van den Bosch, Johannes – 1/2-1/2 – Wagner, Heinrich – G12 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1938 Canada ch Toronto – Round 5 – Yanofsky, Daniel Abraham – 1/2-1/2 – Morrison, John Stuart – G5 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O b5 6. Bb3 Be7 7. Re1 d6 8. h3 O-O 9. c3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1943 Salzburg – Round ? – Rellstab, Ludwig Sr – 1/2-1/2 – Bogoljubow, Efim – G30 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1946 Arbon – Round 3 – Yanofsky, Daniel Abraham – 1-0 – Abt, Alexander – G8 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1946 Groningen – Round 2 – Christoffel, Martin – 1-0 – Bernstein, Ossip – G12 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1947 Schlechter Memorial – Round 7 – Lokvenc, Josef – 1-0 – Gereben, Erno – G23 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1948 JUG Ch – Round 3 – Rabar, Braslav – 1-0 – Pirc, Vasja – G13 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1950 CSR-BUL Prague CZE – Round 4 – Stulik, Vlastimil – 1-0 – Bobotsov, Milko G – G28 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O b5 6. Bb3 Be7 7. Re1 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1951 USA-op52 – Round 12 – Magee Lee – 1/2-1/2 – Evans, Larry M – G30 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. h3 O-O
1952 Helsinki olm – Round 1 – Szily, Jozsef – 1/2-1/2 – Bisguier, Arthur B – G240 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O d6 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 Be7 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1952 POL-ch10 – Round 14 – Szymanski, Aleksander – 1-0 – Dworzynski, Roman – G104 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1956 CSR Ch – Round 19 – Florian, Jaromir – 1/2-1/2 – Sidlo, Oldrich – G178 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1957 Dublin zt – Round 17 – Giustolisi, Alberto – 1/2-1/2 – Llado Lumbera, Jaime – G135 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. h3 O-O 9. c3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1958 New York ch-USA – Round 10 – Fischer, Raphael – 1-0 – Bisguier, Arthur B – G51 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1959 Buenos Aires VC – Round 5 – Foguelman, Alberto – 1-0 – Kamenicki, S. – G22 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1960 EU-Cup Gr2 – Round 2.1 – Schuster, Theodor – 1-0 – Niemela, Ilmari Aarne – G17 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O b5 6. Bb3 Be7 7. Re1 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1961 Moskou ZShK – Round 3 – Gufeld, Eduard – 1/2-1/2 – Bisguier, Arthur B – G16 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1962 Capablanca Memorial – Round 1 – Alvarez del Monte, Jose – 1-0 – Siero, Lucas – G10 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1962 Moscow – Round ? – Vasiukov, Evgeni – 1-0 – Yudovich, Mikhail Jr – G75 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1962 Solihull Handicap – Round ?.7 – Griffiths, Peter C – 0-1 – Stokes, GN. – G15 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1962 Stevenson Memorial 10th – Round 2 – Brameld, Arthur F – 1-0 – Lee, Peter N – G6 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. h3 O-O
1963 Bath ch-BCF – Round 1 – Hindle, Owen M – 1/2-1/2 – Abrahams, Gerald – G11 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1964 Rubinstein Memorial – Round 12 – Velimirovic, Dragoljub – 0-1 – Novopashin, Arkady – G53 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1964 Tel Aviv olm fin-A – Round 11 – Filipowicz, Andrzej – 1/2-1/2 – Bisguier, Arthur B – G244 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1965 FRG Ch – Round 15 – Unzicker, Wolfgang – 1-0 – Hodakowsky, Georg – G42 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1966 La Habana olm prel – Round 7 – Parma, Bruno – 1-0 – Prameshuber, Alexander – G294 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. h3 d6 9. c3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1972 Skopje ol (Men) fin-A – Round 7 – Dueball, Juergen – 1-0 – Gereben, Erno – G323 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
42. Olympiad 2016 – Round 1.14 – Quesada Perez, Yuniesky – 1-0 – Aguilar Pineda, Jiosif Derian – G13 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O b5 6. Bb3 Be7 7. Re1 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
Corus A 2005 – Round 11 – Leko, Peter – 1-0 – Bruzon Batista, Lazaro – G70 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
Corus A 2005 – Round 13 – Ponomariov, Ruslan – 1/2-1/2 – Bruzon Batista, Lazaro – G85 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
Torneo Magistral 6th 1997 – Round 9 – Shirov, Alexei – 1-0 – Piket, Jeroen – G35 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5

C99c — Closed Chigorin

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 O-O 8.c3 d6 9.h3 Na5 10.Bc2 c5 11.d4 Qc7 12.Nbd2 cxd4 13.cxd4 Bd7 14.Nf1

Eval: [+0.47]

Les coups candidats

14…Rac8 — 76.2% (1420 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Manduch, Milan Ing (37x), Van Riemsdijk, Herman C. (36x), Estrada Nieto, Julian (27x), Cladouras, Panagiotis (19x), Rogic, Davor (16x), Zhidkov, Valery S (15x), Efimov, Albert Nikolaevich (15x), Obukhov, Alexander (13x)

14…Rfc8 — 13.1% (244 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Mrva, Vladimir (12x), Zhidkov, Valery S (7x), Ousatchi, Mark (4x), Lasker, Emanuel (3x), Eismont, Oleg (3x), Wang, Yu A. (3x), Lasker, Edward (2x), Bisguier, Arthur B (2x)

14…Nc6 — 6.5% (121 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Stoinev, Metodi (3x), Jaracz, Barbara (2x), Nickl, Klaus (2x), Schroeder, Marc J P G (2x), Van den Bosch, Johannes (1x), Wagner, Heinrich (1x), Schlechter (1x), Tchigorin (1x)

14…Rfe8 — 3.2% (59 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Szabo, Vilmos (5x), Malmstroem, Jan Hendrik (3x), Baroin, Bernard (2x), Dehaybe, Andre (2x), Volovici, Daniel (2x), Stukalov, Mikhail Vasilievich (2x), Aydincelebi, Kagan (2x), Conde Poderoso, Antonio (2x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	14…Rac8	14…Rfc8	14…Nc6	14…Rfe8
<1800	39	74%	10%	5%	10%
1800-2200	588	69%	15%	8%	5%
2200-2600	788	81%	11%	5%	2%
2600+	30	87%	13%	—	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	14…Rac8	14…Rfc8	14…Nc6	14…Rfe8
1900s	1	—	—	100%	—
1920s	5	20%	80%	—	—
1930s	6	50%	33%	17%	—
1940s	9	56%	44%	—	—
1950s	29	55%	38%	7%	—
1960s	49	69%	16%	14%	—
1970s	41	93%	5%	—	—
1980s	172	87%	6%	4%	1%
1990s	284	76%	14%	10%	1%
2000s	635	77%	14%	6%	2%
2010s	576	76%	11%	6%	6%
2020s	56	57%	16%	12%	14%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
14…Rac8	76%	57%	▼ -19.1%
14…Rfc8	11%	16%	▲ +5.3%
14…Nc6	6%	12%	▲ +6.8%
14…Rfe8	6%	14%	▲ +8.4%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Tal, Mikhail — 4 parties
Anand, Viswanathan — 4 parties
Lasker, Emanuel — 3 parties
Smyslov, Vladimir — 1 partie
Karpov, Anatoly — 1 partie
Kasparov, Garry — 1 partie
Hou, Yifan — 1 partie

Parties historiques

14…Rac8 — 76.2% (1420 parties)

1929 — Znosko-Borovsky, Eugene vs Schwarzmann, L. — 1/2-1/2 — ?
1938 — Yanofsky, Daniel Abraham vs Morrison, John Stuart — 1/2-1/2 — Canada ch Toronto
1939 — Garcia Vera, Romeo vs Vinuesa, Juan — 0-1 — Rosario ARG
1939 — Tolush, Alexander V vs Ragozin, Viacheslav — 0-1 — Leningrad RUS
1941 — Solmanis, Zigfrids vs Karings — 1-0 — Kaunas

14…Rfc8 — 13.1% (244 parties)

1924 — Maroczy, Geza vs Reti, Richard — 1/2-1/2 — New York, NY USA
1924 — Lasker, Emanuel vs Lasker, Edward — 1/2-1/2 — New York, NY USA
1924 — Lasker, Emanuel vs Lasker, Edward — 1/2-1/2 — USA New York, NY
1925 — Fryganas, Stavros vs Lasker, Emanuel — 1-0 — Dresden GER
1934 — Wojciechowski, I. vs Przepiorka, Dawid — 1-0 — Katowice POL

14…Nc6 — 6.5% (121 parties)

1907 — Schlechter vs Tchigorin — 1-0 — Ostende
1931 — Van den Bosch, Johannes vs Wagner, Heinrich — 1/2-1/2 — Prague CZE
1957 — Giustolisi, Alberto vs Llado Lumbera, Jaime — 1/2-1/2 — Dublin IRL
1959 — Foguelman, Alberto vs Kamenicki, S. — 1-0 — Buenos Aires ARG
1962 — Brameld, Arthur F vs Lee, Peter N — 1-0 — Bognor Regis

14…Rfe8 — 3.2% (59 parties)

1984 — Rouleau, John vs Tremblay, Alain — 0-1 — corr CA
1989 — Michel, Clement Paul vs Charest, Johanne — 1/2-1/2 — Montreal CAN
1992 — Jackowski, Ryszard vs Urbanski, Marcin — 0-1 — cr.
1997 — Schwarz, Dusan vs Vrbovsky, Martin — 1-0 — Bratislava SVK
2003 — Lottmann, Uwe vs Escera, Carlos — 0-1 — IECG

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