C96m — Spanish: Closed, Chigorin, Borisenko Variation

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 O-O 8.c3 d6 9.h3 Na5 10.Bc2 c5 11.d4 Nc6 * ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Centre fermé

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Atouts. Les Blancs s'appuient sur la case forte g5 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Les fous enfermés en e7 et c8.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le cavalier b1, le fou c1 et la tour a1).

Plans. Nc3 (Développer Nb1) ; Bg5 (Clouer Nf6).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Atouts. Les Noirs s'appuient sur la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Le fou enfermé en c1.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le fou c8 et la tour a8).

Plans. ...Bg4 (Développer Bc8, clouer Nf3) ; ...c4 (Rupture) ; ...d5 (Rupture).

Avantages

Faiblesses adverses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● b2→c3, g2→h3, c3→d4	● a6→b5, d6→c5, d6→e5
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● g5 (2v0)	—
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● e4 (2v1)	—

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bc2	● Bc2 Ok (mob. 3)
Be7		● Be7 Enfermé (mob. 0)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 6)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	3 (b1, c1, a1)	2 (c8, a8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Roqué	● Roqué
Droits de roque	—	—

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	fermé
Ruptures	● c3-c4, ● d4-d5	● …c5-c4, ● …d6-d5

Partie
1907 Karlsbad – Round 1 – Maroczy, Geza – 1-0 – Cohn, Erich – G115 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. h3 O-O
1926 USA sim – Round ? – Lasker, Emanuel – 0-1 – Frere, Walter – G13 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Nc6
1946 London-A – Round 9 – Broadbent, Reginald – 1-0 – Bernstein, Olivia – G23 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1949 Oldenburg – Round 15 – O'Kelly de Galway, Alberic – 1/2-1/2 – Bogoljubow, Efim – G51 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1949 Oldenburg – Round 16 – Rautenberg, Wilhelm – 0-1 – Sarapuu, Ortwin – G65 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1956 URS Ch sf – Round ? – Bannik, Anatolij – 1-0 – Borisenko, Georgy K – G106 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1957 URS Ch, semi final – Round 10 – Nikolaevsky, Yuri V – 1/2-1/2 – Bannik, Anatolij – G95 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1958 GBR Ch 45th – Round 11.6 – Fuller, John Arthur – 1-0 – Wade, Robert G – G78 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1958 Riga ch-URS – Round 1 – Bronstein, David I – 1-0 – Borisenko, Georgy K – G85 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1958 Riga ch-URS – Round 1 – Suetin, Alexey S – 1/2-1/2 – Bannik, Anatolij – G90 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1959 Skittles – Round ? – Blackstone, John – 1-0 – Chapman, Ken – G37 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 d6 5. c3 b5 6. Bb3 Na5 7. Bc2 Nf6 8. O-O Be7 9. h3 c5 10. Re1 O-O
1961 Bucharest GMT 5th – Round 2 – Stein, Leonid – 1-0 – Tarnowski, Alfred – G8 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. d4 c5
1961 Moskou – Round 1 – Boleslavsky, Isaac – 1/2-1/2 – Smyslov, Vladimir – G96 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1961 Moskou – Round 1 – Gufeld, Eduard – 1/2-1/2 – Smyslov, Vladimir – G97 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1962 Candidats Tournament – Round 2 – Tal, Mikhail – 0-1 – Keres, Paul Petrovich – G5 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1962 Varna olm – Round 1 – Momo, Suren – 0-1 – Tarnowski, Alfred – G59 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. h3 O-O 9. c3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1962 Varna olm – Round 6 – Langeweg, Kick – 1-0 – Tarnowski, Alfred – G161 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1963 Corr – Round ? – Pietzsch, Wolfgang – 1/2-1/2 – Borisenko, Georgy K – G9 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1963 Sochi – Round 8 – Kholmov, Ratmir D – 1/2-1/2 – Antoshin, Vladimir S – G50 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1964 Amsterdam Interzonal – Round 5 – Tal, Mikhail – 1/2-1/2 – Smyslov, Vladimir – G49 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1964 Capablanca Memorial – Round 20 – Padevsky, Nikola – 1/2-1/2 – O'Kelly, Albéric de Galway – G202 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1964 Corr – Round 1 – Pietzsch, Wolfgang – 1/2-1/2 – Borissenko, G. – G9 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1964 Sarajevo 07th – Round 14 – Parma, Bruno – 1/2-1/2 – Gufeld, Eduard – G36 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1964 Tel Aviv olm fin-A – Round 4 – Jansa, Vlastimil – 1-0 – Addison, Wiliam G – G91 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1964 Tel Aviv olm fin-A – Round 7 – Tringov, Georgi P – 0-1 – Sliwa, Bogdan – G157 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 b5 5. Bb3 d6 6. O-O Be7 7. c3 Nf6 8. Re1 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1964 Tel Aviv olm prel – Round 7 – Zuidema, Coen – 1/2-1/2 – Parma, Bruno – G273 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1965 Belgrade – Round 13 – Rakic, Tomislav – 1/2-1/2 – Kavalek, Lubomir – G76 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1965 Hamburg etc – Round 1 – Zuidema, Coen – 1/2-1/2 – Radovici, Corvin – G40 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1965 Hamburg etc – Round 7 – Gheorghiu, Florin – 1/2-1/2 – Petrosian, Tigran A. – G90 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1965 Novi Sad – Round 17 – Matulovic, Milan – 1-0 – Djurovic, Dejan – G142 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1966 Bucharest – Round 15 – Bednarski, Jacek B – 1/2-1/2 – Kolarov, Atanas Stefanov – G56 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1966 Rzeszow ch POL – Round 4 – Grabczewski, Romuald – 1-0 – Tarnowski, Alfred – G26 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1966 Rzeszow ch POL – Round 9 – Brzozka, Stefan – 1/2-1/2 – Grabczewski, Romuald – G61 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1966 URS Team Ch – Round ? – Klovans, Janis – 1/2-1/2 – Averbakh, Yuri L – G43 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1966 USSR – Round 1 – Boleslavsky, Isaac – 1-0 – Zakharian, Arman – G29 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1967 Moscow – Round 12 – Tal, Mikhail – 1-0 – Petrosian, Tigran A. – G147 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1968 Monte Carlo – Round 9 – Damjanovic, Mato – 1/2-1/2 – Padevsky, Nikola – G56 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O b5 6. Bb3 d6 7. Re1 Be7 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1969 Moskou ch-URS – Round 1 – Balashov, Yuri S – 1/2-1/2 – Petrosian, Tigran A. – G168 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1969 Tallinn it – Round 12 – Liberzon, Vladimir M – 1/2-1/2 – Tarve, Udo – G50 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1975 URS Team Ch – Round 2 – Govashelishvili, Genadij – 1/2-1/2 – Klovans, Janis – G436 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1975 URS Team Ch – Round 4 – Piesina, Gintautas – 0-1 – Klovans, Janis – G434 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1975 URS Team Ch – Round 4 – Tseshkovsky, Vitaly – 1-0 – Romanishin, Oleg M – G435 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
Hoogovens 1985 – Round 2 – Timman, Jan H – 1-0 – Romanishin, Oleg M – G8 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
Interpolis 1985 – Round 11 – Ljubojevic, Ljubomir – 1/2-1/2 – Romanishin, Oleg M – G38 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
OHRA 1986 – Round ? – Hellers, Ferdinand – 1-0 – Timman, Jan H – G22 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
OHRA 1988 – Round 1 – Nunn, John D M – 1-0 – Van der Wiel, John T.H. – G16 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5

C96m — Closed Chigorin Borisenko Variation

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 O-O 8.c3 d6 9.h3 Na5 10.Bc2 c5 11.d4 Nc6

Eval: [+1.05]

Les coups candidats

12.d5 — 56.3% (456 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Romanishin, Oleg M (23x), Klovans, Janis (10x), Abramovic, Bosko (7x), Filimonov, Alexey (6x), Psakhis, Lev (5x), Westerinen, Heikki M.J. (5x), Iuldachev, Saidali (4x), Markidis, Konstantinos (4x)

12.Nbd2 — 20.0% (162 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Romanishin, Oleg M (17x), Abramovic, Bosko (7x), Tal, Mikhail (5x), Tarnowski, Alfred (3x), Kotkov, Yuri M (3x), Averbakh, Yuri L (3x), Psakhis, Lev (3x), Matulovic, Milan (3x)

12.Be3 — 8.1% (66 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Borisenko, Georgy K (3x), Romanishin, Oleg M (3x), Pietzsch, Wolfgang (2x), Beliavsky, Alexander G (2x), O'Hanlon, John (1x), Znosko-Borovsky, Eugene (1x), Burkhardt, Erich (1x), Hunte, Hugo (1x)

12.a4 — 7.8% (63 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Romanishin, Oleg M (4x), Ljubojevic, Ljubomir (3x), Bogoljubow, Efim (2x), Kurajica, Bojan (2x), Padevsky, Nikola (2x), Maroczy, Geza (1x), Cohn, Erich (1x), Rautenberg, Wilhelm (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	12.d5	12.Nbd2	12.Be3	12.a4
<1800	30	70%	10%	10%	3%
1800-2200	266	61%	14%	14%	6%
2200-2600	318	58%	22%	4%	9%
2600+	8	38%	38%	—	12%

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	12.d5	12.Nbd2	12.Be3	12.a4
1900s	1	—	—	—	100%
1920s	2	—	50%	50%	—
1940s	6	33%	17%	—	50%
1950s	17	12%	47%	18%	6%
1960s	50	16%	36%	10%	8%
1970s	59	42%	36%	7%	5%
1980s	85	58%	26%	6%	6%
1990s	94	55%	19%	9%	11%
2000s	278	65%	16%	7%	6%
2010s	190	62%	12%	10%	10%
2020s	28	71%	18%	4%	4%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
12.d5	62%	71%	▲ +9.8%
12.Nbd2	12%	18%	▲ +5.8%
12.Be3	10%	4%	▼ -6.4%
12.a4	10%	4%	▼ -6.4%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Tal, Mikhail — 5 parties
Smyslov, Vladimir — 3 parties
Lasker, Emanuel — 1 partie
Anand, Viswanathan — 1 partie

Parties historiques

12.d5 — 56.3% (456 parties)

1946 — Broadbent, Reginald vs Bernstein, Olivia — 1-0 — London ENG
1947 — Castiglioni, Andre Lazzari vs Calapso, R. — 1/2-1/2 — Rome ITA
1950 — Schuster, Theodor vs Schmid, Hans — 1-0 — Bad Mergentheim
1951 — Seiffert, Ronny Steffen vs Hunte, Hugo — 0-1 — Schwerin GER
1960 — Ghitescu, Theodor vs Kolarov, Atanas Stefanov — 1/2-1/2 — Sofia BUL

12.Nbd2 — 20.0% (162 parties)

1926 — Lasker, Emanuel vs Frere, Walter — 0-1 — USA
1940 — Abramov, Lev vs Ilyin Zhenevsky, Alexander — 1-0 — Leningrad RUS
1952 — Rittner, Horst vs Hunte, Hugo — 0-1 — Binz GER
1956 — Bannik, Anatolij vs Borisenko, Georgy K — 1-0 — Kharkov UKR
1958 — Fuller, John Arthur vs Wade, Robert G — 1-0 — Leamington

12.Be3 — 8.1% (66 parties)

1927 — O'Hanlon, John vs Znosko-Borovsky, Eugene — 1-0 — ?
1950 — Burkhardt, Erich vs Hunte, Hugo — 1/2-1/2 — Soemmerda GER
1958 — Bronstein, David I vs Borisenko, Georgy K — 1-0 — Riga ch-URS
1959 — Aronin, Lev vs Borisenko, Georgy K — 1/2-1/2 — Voronezh RUS
1960 — Shianovsky, Vladislav I vs Nezhmetdinov, Rashid — 1/2-1/2 — Kiev UKR

12.a4 — 7.8% (63 parties)

1907 — Maroczy, Geza vs Cohn, Erich — 1-0 — Carlsbad CZE
1949 — Rautenberg, Wilhelm vs Sarapuu, Ortwin — 0-1 — Oldenburg GER
1949 — O Kelly de Galway Alberic vs Bogoljubow, Efim — 1/2-1/2 — ?
1949 — O'Kelly de Galway, Alberic vs Bogoljubow, Efim — 1/2-1/2 — ?
1954 — Broadbent, Reginald vs Butcher, Robert — 1-0 — London League

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