Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● b2→c3, f2→g3, h2→g3, c3→d4	● a6→b5, c6→b5
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● f4 (3v2), ● e5 (2v1)	● f5 (2v0)
Cases faibles	● g4	—
Centre	● d4 (3v0), ● e5 (2v1)	—

Colonnes et diagonales

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Ouvertes	● e	● e
Semi-ouvertes	—	● d

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bb3	● Bb3 Actif (mob. 4)
Bd6		● Bd6 Actif (mob. 9)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 5)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	3 (● b1, ● c1, ● a1)	2 (● c8, ● a8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Roqué	● Roqué
Droits de roque	—	—

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	semi-ouvert
Ruptures	● c3-c4	● …c6-c5

C89o — Spanish: Marshall, Main Line, 15.Re4

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 O-O 8.c3 d5 9.exd5 Nxd5 10.Nxe5 Nxe5 11.Rxe5 c6 12.d4 Bd6 13.Re1 Qh4 14.g3 Qh3 15.Re4 * ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre semi-ouvert

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plans. Qf3 (Centraliser la dame — 42 % des parties) ; Qf1 (22 % des parties) ; Nd2 (Développer b1 — 14 % des parties) ; Rh4 (6 % des parties) ; Bc2 (5 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plans. ...g5 (Attaque à l'aile roi — 81 % des parties) ; ...Bd7 (Fou actif (mobilité 5), Développer c8 — 6 % des parties) ; ...Qd7 (6 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Partie
1947 URS Ch sf – Round 13 – Petrosian, Tigran V – 0-1 – Averbakh, Yuri L – G30 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d5 9. exd5 Nxd5 10. Nxe5 Nxe5
1950 Interzonal – Round 8 – Puc, Stojan – 1/2-1/2 – O'Kelly de Galway, Alberic – G13 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d5 9. exd5 Nxd5 10. Nxe5 Nxe5
1951 Vienna 5152 – Round 2 – Beni, Alfred – 1/2-1/2 – Rellstab, Ludwig Sr – G8 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O b5 6. Bb3 Be7 7. Re1 O-O 8. c3 d5 9. exd5 Nxd5 10. Nxe5 Nxe5
1955 Budapest – Round ? – Meszaros, Ignac – 1-0 – Pogats, Jozsef Jr. – G98 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d5 9. exd5 Nxd5 10. Nxe5 Nxe5
1961 United States Open Championship – Round 12 – Osbun, Erik – 0-1 – Witeczek, Jack – G11 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O b5 6. Bb3 Be7 7. Re1 O-O 8. c3 d5 9. exd5 Nxd5 10. Nxe5 Nxe5
1967 USSR – Round ? – Tal, Mikhail – 1-0 – Stein, Leonid – G62 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d5 9. exd5 Nxd5 10. Nxe5 Nxe5
1969 New Zealand Ch – Round 7 – Lushkott, V – 0-1 – Sarapu, Ortvin – G9 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d5 9. exd5 Nxd5 10. Nxe5 Nxe5
Amber Rapid 2007 – Round 9 – Anand, Viswanathan – 1-0 – Aronian, Levon – G32 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d5 9. exd5 Nxd5 10. Nxe5 Nxe5
Chess Classic Rapid Prelim 2007 – Round 3 – Bacrot, Etienne – 1/2-1/2 – Anand, Viswanathan – G6 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d5 9. exd5 Nxd5 10. Nxe5 Nxe5
Corus 2001 – Round 6 – Leko, Peter – 1/2-1/2 – Adams, Michael – G39 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d5 9. exd5 Nxd5 10. Nxe5 Nxe5
Corus A 2007 – Round 3 – Anand, Viswanathan – 1/2-1/2 – Aronian, Levon – G18 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d5 9. exd5 Nxd5 10. Nxe5 Nxe5
Dortmunder Schachtage 1999 – Round 3 – Leko, Peter – 1-0 – Adams, Michael – G10 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d5 9. exd5 Nxd5 10. Nxe5 Nxe5
Memorial M.Tal (cat.20) 2006 – Round 4 – Shirov, Alexei – 0-1 – Aronian, Levon – G3 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 8. ... d5 9. exd5 9. ... Nxd5 10. Nxe5 Nxe5
Mtel Masters 2006 – Round 6 – Anand, Viswanathan – 1/2-1/2 – Bacrot, Etienne – G17 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d5 9. exd5 Nxd5 10. Nxe5 Nxe5
SuperGM 2002 – Round 14 – Ponomariov, Ruslan – 1/2-1/2 – Anand, Viswanathan – G33 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d5 9. exd5 Nxd5 10. Nxe5 Nxe5
SuperGM 2002 – Round 9 – Ponomariov, Ruslan – 1-0 – Adams, Michael – G20 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d5 9. exd5 Nxd5 10. Nxe5 Nxe5
Tal Memorial 2006 – Round 3 – Shirov, Alexei – 1/2-1/2 – Leko, Peter – G13 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d5 9. exd5 Nxd5 10. Nxe5 Nxe5
TCh-RUS 2008 – Round 7 – Shomoev, Anton – 0-1 – Grischuk, Alexander – G191 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d5 9. exd5 Nxd5 10. Nxe5 Nxe5
Tilburg 1991 – Round 11 – Timman, Jan H – 1/2-1/2 – Short, Nigel D – G11 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d5 9. exd5 Nxd5 10. Nxe5 Nxe5
Turin ol (Men) 37th 2006 – Round 10 – Karjakin, Sergey – 1/2-1/2 – Grischuk, Alexander – G137 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d5 9. exd5 Nxd5 10. Nxe5 Nxe5
WCh 2004 – Round 8 – Kramnik, Vladimir – 0-1 – Leko, Peter – G3 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d5 9. exd5 Nxd5 10. Nxe5 Nxe5
World Championship FIDE 2005 – Round 6 – Anand, Viswanathan – 1/2-1/2 – Svidler, Peter – G5 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d5 9. exd5 Nxd5 10. Nxe5 Nxe5
XXIV SuperGM 2007 – Round 5 – Svidler, Peter – 1/2-1/2 – Leko, Peter – G17 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d5 9. exd5 Nxd5 10. Nxe5 Nxe5

C89o — Marshall, Main Line (1947)

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 O-O 8.c3 d5 9.exd5 Nxd5 10.Nxe5 Nxe5 11.Rxe5 c6 12.d4 Bd6 13.Re1 Qh4 14.g3 Qh3 15.Re4

Les coups candidats

15…g5 — 92.4% (1895 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Simmelink, Joop Theo (31x), Herzog, Klaus (18x), Kireev, Sergey (17x), Tylecek, Drahomir (15x), Zakharov, Oleg (14x), Sabbatini, Giuseppe (12x), Chylik, Rudolf (11x), Janosi, Ervin (10x)

15…Bd7 — 1.9% (38 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Babiloni Martinez, Jose F. (1x), Gitahi Stella (1x), Griffiths, Peter C (1x), Lawrence, Jeffrey A (1x), De Rijcke, S (1x), Bredewout, Henk (1x), Tal, Mikhail (1x), Stein, Leonid (1x)

15…Nf6 — 1.7% (35 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Miller, William S. (1x), Berry, Jonathan (1x), Stean, Michael F (1x), Abderrahmane Ely (1x), Grey, Peter G (1x), Moody, David W (1x), Trautmann, Klaus (1x), Zimmermann, Heinz (1x)

15…Qd7 — 1.7% (35 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Sokolov, Ivan (2x), Gentinetta, Bruno (2x), Darazs, Zoltan (2x), Bartha, Sandor (2x), Bures, Jaroslav (2x), Stefansson, Hannes (2x), Tal, Mikhail (1x), Krogius, Nikolai V (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	15…g5	15…Bd7	15…Nf6	15…Qd7
<1800	158	87%	1%	3%	3%
1800-2200	841	92%	2%	2%	2%
2200-2600	694	96%	1%	0%	2%
2600+	56	95%	4%	—	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	15…g5	15…Bd7	15…Nf6	15…Qd7
1950s	8	88%	12%	—	—
1960s	21	76%	14%	5%	—
1970s	38	79%	5%	8%	3%
1980s	34	94%	3%	3%	—
1990s	119	75%	3%	3%	13%
2000s	663	89%	2%	3%	2%
2010s	888	96%	1%	1%	1%
2020s	280	98%	0%	0%	—

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
15…g5	96%	98%	▲ +2.0%
15…Bd7	1%	0%	▼ -1.0%
15…Nf6	1%	0%	▼ -0.5%
15…Qd7	1%	0%	▼ -0.6%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Anand, Viswanathan — 6 parties
Tal, Mikhail — 2 parties
Kramnik, Vladimir — 1 partie

Parties historiques

15…g5 — 92.4% (1895 parties)

1950 — Puc, Stojan vs O'Kelly de Galway, Alberic — 1/2-1/2 — Bled SLO
1951 — Puc, Stojan vs Fuderer, Andrija — 1/2-1/2 — Dortmund GER
1951 — Beni, Alfred vs Rellstab, Ludwig — 1/2-1/2 — Vienna AUT
1953 — Liebert, Heinz vs Dittmann, Sieghart — 0-1 — Brandenburg/Havel
1954 — Aegerter, Martin vs Milicevic, Dragoljub — 1-0 — ?

15…Bd7 — 1.9% (38 parties)

1959 — De Rijcke, S vs Bredewout, Henk — 0-1 — Deventer
1964 — Griffiths, Peter C vs Lawrence, Jeffrey A — 0-1 — ?
1967 — Babiloni Martinez, Jose F. vs Gitahi Stella — 0-1 — Mar del Plata ARG
1967 — Tal, Mikhail vs Stein, Leonid — 1-0 — USSR
1975 — Aulaskari Pauli vs Rantamaki Jouko — 1/2-1/2 — ?

15…Nf6 — 1.7% (35 parties)

1967 — Miller, William S. vs Berry, Jonathan — 0-1 — Victoria CAN
1971 — Stean, Michael F vs Abderrahmane Ely — 1-0 — Hastings ENG
1973 — Trautmann, Klaus vs Zimmermann, Heinz — 1-0 — ?
1975 — Grey, Peter G vs Moody, David W — 1-0 — Lincoln, Neb.
1986 — Pichuaga, Juan Pablo vs Burgos Figueroa, Carlos E. — 1-0 — Uruguay

15…Qd7 — 1.7% (35 parties)

1971 — Tal, Mikhail vs Krogius, Nikolai V — 1-0 — Leningrad RUS
1991 — Nunn, John D M vs Sokolov, Ivan — 1-0 — Wijk aan Zee NED
1991 — Adams, Michael vs Sokolov, Ivan — 0-1 — Wijk aan Zee NED
1991 — Timmerman, Gert vs Staal, Jaap — 1-0 — 1991-94
1992 — Wagman, Stuart vs Lagumina, Giulio — 0-1 — Forli

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