Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	● c6, ● c7
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● c2→d3, d3→e4	● b7→a6, b7→c6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	● aile dame 4v3

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● g5 (2v0)	● d4 (2v1), ● b5 (2v0)
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● e5 (1v0)	● d4 (2v1), ● d5 (3v1)

Colonnes et diagonales

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Semi-ouvertes	—	● d

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bg4		● Bg4 Actif (mob. 7)
Be7		● Be7 Actif (mob. 5)
Paire de fous	Non	● Oui
Non développées	3 (● b1, ● c1, ● a1)	2 (● a8, ● h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Roqué	● Au centre
Droits de roque	—	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	fermé
Ruptures	● d3-d4	—

C85k — Spanish: Closed, Exchange, 7.d3 Bg4

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Bxc6 dxc6 7.d3 Bg4 * ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Centre fermé

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plans. h3 (Empêcher ...Bg4 — 74 % des parties) ; Nbd2 (Développer b1 — 25 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plans. ...Bxf3 (Fou actif (mobilité 6) — 57 % des parties) ; ...Bh5 (17 % des parties) ; ...Nd7 (9 % des parties) ; ...O-O (Mettre le roi en sécurité, connecter les tours — 9 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Partie
1902 DSB-13.Kongress Hauptturnier A – Round 18 – Fahrni, Hans – 1-0 – Bleykmans, Dirk – G49 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Bxc6 dxc6 7. d3 Bg4 8. Qe2 O-O 9. Qe3 Bxf3 10. Qxf3 Ne8
1941 Baarn I – Round 7 – Kramer, Haije – 1/2-1/2 – Van den Bosch, Johannes – G11 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Bxc6 dxc6 7. d3 Bg4 8. h3 Bxf3 9. Qxf3 Nd7 10. Nd2 Bc5
1947 Hungary – Round 1 – Szily, Jozsef – 1/2-1/2 – Szabo, Ladislav – G25 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Bxc6 dxc6 7. d3 Bg4 8. h3 Bxf3 9. Qxf3 O-O 10. Nc3 Qd6
1949 JUG Ch – Round 4 – Vukovic, Sava – 1-0 – Pirc, Vasja – G19 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Bxc6 dxc6 7. d3 Bg4 8. h3 Bxf3 9. Qxf3 O-O 10. Be3 Qd7
1949 URS Ch, semi final – Round 12 – Grechkin, Dmitry M – 1/2-1/2 – Geller, Efim P – G92 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Bxc6 dxc6 7. d3 Bg4 8. h3 Bxf3 9. Qxf3 Nd7 10. Nd2 Bg5
1950 CSR-BUL Prague CZE – Round 1 – Stulik, Vlastimil – 1-0 – Bobotsov, Milko G – G6 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Bxc6 dxc6 7. d3 Bg4 8. h3 Bxf3 9. Qxf3 Qd6 10. Nd2 Qe6
1955 Hamburg – Round 13 – Kieninger, Georg – 1-0 – Bialas, Wolfram – G100 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Bxc6 dxc6 7. d3 Bg4 8. h3 Bxf3 9. Qxf3 O-O 10. Be3 c5
1955 USSR – Round 1 – Khasin, Abram – 1-0 – Ragozin, Viacheslav – G15 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Bxc6 dxc6 7. d3 Bg4 8. h3 Bh5 9. g4 Nxg4 10. hxg4 Bxg4
1956 Zittau-A 6th – Round 4 – Braun, Gottfried, Dr. – 1-0 – Starck, Bodo – G17 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Bxc6 dxc6 7. d3 Bg4 8. h3 Bh5 9. Nbd2 Bd6 10. Nc4 Qe7
1957 Sofia zt Sofia BUL – Round 1 – Fuchs, Reinhart – 0-1 – Sliwa, Bogdan – G47 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Bxc6 dxc6 7. d3 Bg4 8. Nbd2 Nd7 9. h3 Bh5 10. Qe1 O-O
1957 Zittau-A 6th – Round 8 – Braun, Gottfried, Dr. – 1/2-1/2 – Blatny, Frantisek – G9 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Bxc6 dxc6 7. d3 Bg4 8. h3 Bxf3 9. Qxf3 Qd6 10. Nd2 Qe6
1958 Munich olm prel – Round 5 – Fichtl, Jiri – 1/2-1/2 – Ribeiro, Joao Mario – G41 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Bxc6 dxc6 7. d3 Bg4 8. Nbd2 O-O 9. Nc4 Nd7 10. h3 Bxf3
1959 Zuerich – Round ? – Kupper, Josef – 1/2-1/2 – Keller, Dieter – G100 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Bxc6 dxc6 7. d3 Bg4 8. h3 Bxf3 9. Qxf3 Nd7 10. Nd2 O-O
1960 Moscow-Leningrad m – Round 1.23 – Gusev, Yuri S – 0-1 – Karelov, Aleksandr – G15 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Bxc6 dxc6 7. d3 Bg4 8. Nbd2 Nd7 9. Nc4 f6 10. Ne3 Bh5
1962 Olympiad Varna BUL – Round ? – Blau, Max – 1/2-1/2 – Jimenez Zerguera Eleazar – G62 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Bxc6 dxc6 7. d3 Bg4 8. h3 Bh5 9. g4 Nxg4 10. hxg4 Bxg4
1962 Varna olm – Round 10 – Blau, Maximilian – 0-1 – Kolvig, Bent – G436 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Bxc6 dxc6 7. d3 Bg4 8. h3 Bxf3 9. Qxf3 Qd6 10. Nd2 O-O-O
1962 Varna olm – Round 6 – Blau, Max – 1/2-1/2 – Jimenez Zerquera, Eleazar – G273 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Bxc6 dxc6 7. d3 Bg4 8. h3 Bh5 9. g4 Nxg4 10. hxg4 Bxg4
1964 Tel Aviv olm fin-C – Round 10 – Walther, Edgar – 1-0 – Rantanen, Matti – G12 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Bxc6 dxc6 7. d3 Bg4 8. h3 Bxf3 9. Qxf3 Qd6 10. Nd2 Nd7
1965 Berlin tt – Round 4 – Markus, Marcel – 0-1 – Pfleger, Helmut, Dr. – G22 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Bxc6 dxc6 7. d3 Bg4 8. h3 Bxf3 9. Qxf3 O-O 10. Nd2 b5
1965 POL Ch 23th sf – Round 7 – Pietrusiak, Bogdan – 1/2-1/2 – Erenski, Przemyslaw – G19 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Bxc6 dxc6 7. d3 Bg4 8. h3 Bxf3 9. Qxf3 Nd7 10. Nd2 Bf6
1966 La Habana olm prel – Round 1 – Tringov, Georgi P – 1-0 – Reissmann, Paul – G31 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Bxc6 dxc6 7. d3 Bg4 8. h3 Bxf3 9. Qxf3 O-O 10. Nd2 Nd7
1966 Titovo Uzice – Round 4 – Ciric, Dimitrije – 1/2-1/2 – Averbakh, Yuri L – G87 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Bxc6 dxc6 7. d3 Bg4 8. h3 Bxf3 9. Qxf3 Qd7 10. Nc3 O-O-O
1967 Budva – Round 1 – Rubtsova Tatiana – 1/2-1/2 – Kushnir, Alla – G19 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Bxc6 dxc6 7. d3 Bg4 8. h3 Bxf3 9. Qxf3 Qd7 10. Nd2 Qe6
1968 Bristol ch-BCF – Round 8 – Lambshire, Mike V – 1-0 – Aabel Thomas Eapen – G92 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Bxc6 dxc6 7. d3 Bg4 8. h3 Bxf3 9. Qxf3 O-O 10. Nd2 Nd7
1969 Reggio Emilia ITA – Round 9 – Damjanovic, Mato – 1/2-1/2 – Bertok, Mario Jr. – G17 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Bxc6 dxc6 7. d3 Bg4 8. h3 Bxf3 9. Qxf3 Nd7 10. Nd2 O-O
1970 IBM – Round 3 – Tringov, Georgi P – 1/2-1/2 – Ciric, Dimitrije – G145 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Bxc6 dxc6 7. d3 Bg4 8. h3 Bxf3 9. Qxf3 Nd7 10. Qg3 Bf6
1971 Moscow – Round 1 – Dvoretzky, Mark – 1-0 – Koriakin, Andrei – G187 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Bxc6 dxc6 7. d3 Bg4 8. h3 Bxf3 9. Qxf3 Qd6 10. Nd2 Qe6
FIDE World Rapid Championship 2025 – Round 7 – Alexander Grischuk – 1/2-1/2 – Makarian Rudik – G140 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Bxc6 dxc6 7. d3 Bg4 8. h3 Bxf3 9. Qxf3 Qd7 10. Nd2 Qe6

C85k — Closed, Exchange (1902)

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Bxc6 dxc6 7.d3 Bg4

Les coups candidats

8.h3 — 73.8% (279 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Aditya Balu Jadhav (3x), Santos Garcia, Fernando (3x), Boutteville, Cesar (2x), Kupper, Josef (2x), Bosch van Rosenthal, Edzard (2x), Blatny, Frantisek (2x), Weiner, Alex (2x), Braun, Gottfried, Dr. (2x)

8.Nbd2 — 24.9% (94 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Amanov, Mesgen (2x), Vujakovic, Branko (2x), Levin, Mikhail (1x), Pogrebissky, Iosif (1x), Rodriguez Morales, Daniel Jesus (1x), Botvinnik, Mikhail (1x), Versfeld, Loet (1x), Gusev, Yuri S (1x)

8.Be3 — 0.8% (3 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Fernandez-Urrutia Polo, Luis (1x), Llanes Luno, Pedro Alfredo (1x), Albesa, Alfredo Ricardo (1x), Cole, Steve (1x), de Almeida, Roberto A. Ferreira (1x), Farias, Jose Carlos Mesquita (1x)

8.Nc3 — 0.5% (2 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Jalyl, Ahmed Ali (1x), Nowicki, Andrzej (1x), Oprea, Sabina (1x), Stoican, Alexandra (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	8.h3	8.Nbd2	8.Be3	8.Nc3
<1800	19	68%	21%	5%	5%
1800-2200	140	67%	32%	1%	—
2200-2600	112	81%	18%	1%	—
2600+	1	—	100%	—	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	8.h3	8.Nbd2	8.Be3	8.Nc3
1950s	18	78%	22%	—	—
1960s	24	83%	17%	—	—
1970s	36	81%	19%	—	—
1980s	27	96%	4%	—	—
1990s	64	69%	30%	2%	—
2000s	99	68%	30%	—	2%
2010s	86	70%	28%	2%	—
2020s	24	79%	21%	—	—

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
8.h3	70%	79%	▲ +9.4%
8.Nbd2	28%	21%	▼ -7.1%
8.Be3	2%	0%	▼ -2.3%
8.Nc3	0%	0%	+0.0%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Botvinnik, Mikhail — 1 partie

Parties historiques

8.h3 — 73.8% (279 parties)

1950 — Stulik, Vlastimil vs Bobotsov, Milko G — 1-0 — CSR-BUL Prague CZE
1952 — Boutteville, Cesar vs Humala Katri — 1-0 — CCOL2 corr
1953 — Boutteville, Cesar vs Voisin, Jean Pierre — 0-1 — Paris FRA
1953 — Paffley, Charles Derek Simps vs Thomas Andrew — 1-0 — Paignton
1953 — Kieninger, Georg vs Teschner, Rudolf — 1-0 — Herne

8.Nbd2 — 24.9% (94 parties)

1951 — Hoenlinger, Baldur vs Brandenberg, Karl Heinz — 1/2-1/2 — Krefeld GER
1957 — Fuchs, Reinhart vs Sliwa, Bogdan — 0-1 — Sofia zt Sofia BUL
1958 — Botvinnik, Mikhail vs Versfeld, Loet — 0-1 — Kerkrade simultaan
1958 — Fichtl, Jiri vs Ribeiro, Joao — 1/2-1/2 — Munich olm prel
1960 — Levin, Mikhail vs Pogrebissky, Iosif — 1/2-1/2 — Kiev UKR

8.Be3 — 0.8% (3 parties)

1998 — Fernandez-Urrutia Polo, Luis vs Llanes Luno, Pedro Alfredo — 1/2-1/2 — Aragon
2015 — de Almeida, Roberto A. Ferreira vs Farias, Jose Carlos Mesquita — 1-0 — Rio de Janeiro BRA
2016 — Albesa, Alfredo Ricardo vs Cole, Steve — 1/2-1/2 — LSS

8.Nc3 — 0.5% (2 parties)

2001 — Jalyl, Ahmed Ali vs Nowicki, Andrzej — 1/2-1/2 — IECC
2007 — Oprea, Sabina vs Stoican, Alexandra — 0-1 — Romania