C44f — Open Game: Inverted Philidor, 4.g3

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d3 Nf6 4.g3 * ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre fermé

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Atouts. Les Blancs s'appuient sur la case forte g5 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Les fous enfermés en c8 et f8 et le roi resté au centre.

En contrepartie. Le roi n'est pas encore à l'abri et plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le cavalier b1, les fous c1 et f1 et les tours a1 et h1).

Plans. O-O (Mettre le roi en sécurité, connecter les tours) ; Nbd2 (Développer Nb1) ; Bg5 (Clouer Nf6) ; Bc4 (Développer Bf1) ; h3 (Empêcher ...Bg4).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Atouts. Les Noirs s'appuient sur les cases fortes b4 et d4, un avant-poste en d4 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Les fous enfermés en c1 et f1 et le roi resté au centre.

En contrepartie. Le roi n'est pas encore à l'abri et plusieurs pièces dorment encore (les fous c8 et f8 et les tours a8 et h8).

Plans. O-O (Mettre le roi en sécurité, connecter les tours) ; ...d6 (Libérer Bc8) ; ...Be7 (Développer Bf8) ; ...Bg4 (Clouer Nf3) ; ...d5 (Rupture).

Avantages

Faiblesses adverses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● c2→d3, f2→g3, h2→g3, d3→e4	—
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● g5 (2v0)	● b4 (2v0), ● d4 (2v1)
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	—	● d4 (2v1)

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bf1	● Bf1 Non développé (mob. 3)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bf8		● Bf8 Non développé (mob. 5)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	5 (b1, c1, f1, a1, h1)	4 (c8, f8, a8, h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre !	● Au centre !
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	fermé
Ruptures	● c2-c3, ● d3-d4	● …d7-d6, ● …d7-d5

Partie
11. Norway Armageddon 2023 – Round 8.2 – Firouzja, Alireza – 0-1 – Giri, Anish – G24 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 Bc5 5. Bg2 d6 6. c3 a5 7. O-O O-O 8. h3 h6 9. Na3 Bxa3 10. bxa3 Be6
11. Norway Chess 2023 – Round 8.2 – Firouzja, Alireza – 1/2-1/2 – Giri, Anish – G37 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 Bc5 5. Bg2 d6 6. c3 a5 7. O-O O-O 8. Re1 h6 9. d4 Ba7 10. h3 Bd7
1950 Interzonal – Round 12 – Ivkov, Borislav – 1-0 – Rellstab, Ludwig – G22 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. d3 Nc6 4. g3 d5 5. Nbd2 Be7 6. Bg2 O-O 7. O-O dxe4 8. dxe4 h6 9. c3 Be6 10. Qc2 Qd7
1951 YUG Ch 7th – Round 19 – Janosevic, Dragoljub – 0-1 – Bertok, Mario Jr. – G163 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. d3 Nc6 4. g3 d5 5. Nbd2 Be7 6. Bg2 O-O 7. O-O Bg4 8. h3 Be6 9. Re1 dxe4 10. dxe4 h6
1954 Mar del Plata – Round 17 – Wexler, Bernardo – 1-0 – Cruz, Walter – G132 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. d3 Nf6 4. g3 d5 5. Nbd2 Bc5 6. Bg2 dxe4 7. dxe4 h6 8. O-O Be6 9. Qe2 O-O 10. c3 a6
1961 Belgrade Open Belgrade YUG – Round 10 – Janosevic, Dragoljub – 0-1 – Karaklajic, Nikola – G23 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. d3 Nf6 4. g3 d5 5. Nbd2 Bg4 6. h3 Bh5 7. Bg2 dxe4 8. dxe4 Qd7 9. c3 Qd3 10. Qe2 Qxe2+
1962 Sofia – Round 1 – Tringov, Georgi P – 1-0 – Lehmann Garcia, Daniel William – G11 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 Bc5 5. Bg2 d6 6. O-O O-O 7. c3 Bb6 8. Nbd2 Be6 9. h3 Ne7 10. d4 Ng6
1964 Amsterdam Interzonal – Round 13 – Bronstein, David I – 1/2-1/2 – Lengyel, Laszlo – G129 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 d5 5. Nbd2 Be7 6. Bg2 dxe4 7. dxe4 O-O 8. O-O b6 9. Re1 Bb7 10. b3 Bc5
1964 Bordeaux Open Bordeaux FRA – Round 5 – Tringov, Georgi P – 1-0 – Clarke, Peter H – G36 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. d3 Nc6 4. g3 d5 5. exd5 Qxd5 6. Bg2 Bg4 7. h3 Bh5 8. O-O O-O-O 9. g4 Bg6 10. Nh4 Qd7
1968 Alma Ata ch-URS – Round 17 – Lutikov, Anatoly S – 1-0 – Lein, Anatoly – G149 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. d3 Nc6 4. g3 d5 5. exd5 Nxd5 6. Bg2 g6 7. O-O Bg7 8. Nc3 Nxc3 9. bxc3 O-O 10. Nd2 Bd7
2024 Superbet Chess Classic - Round 11 - Gukesh D - 1-0 - Praggnanandhaa R - G48 1. e4 1... e5 2. Nf3 2... Nc6 3. d3 3... Nf6 4. g3 4... Bc5 5. Bg2 5... d6 6. O-O 6... O-O 7. Nc3 7... a5 8. h3 8... Re8 9. Kh2 9... a4 10. Bd2 10... Nd4
2024 Superbet Chess Rapid – Round 1 – Abdusattorov Nodirbek – 1-0 – Giri Anish – G1 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 Bc5 5. Bg2 d6 6. Nc3 a5 7. h3 h6 8. O-O O-O 9. Kh2 Nd4 10. Nxd4 Bxd4
2024 SuperUnited Rapid & Blitz Croatia – Round 5 – Gukesh D – 1/2-1/2 – Vidit Santosh Gujrathi – G22 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 Bc5 5. Bg2 d6 6. O-O O-O 7. h3 a5 8. c4 h6 9. Nc3 Nh7 10. Kh2 f5
2026 Tata Steel India Blitz - Round 3.2 - Praggnanandhaa R - 1-0 - Vidit, Santosh Gujrathi - G12 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 Bc5 5. Bg2 d6 6. O-O O-O 7. h3 a5 8. Kh2 h6 9. c4 Bd7 10. Nc3 Re8
42. Olympiad 2016 – Round 5.4 – Naiditsch, Arkadij – 0-1 – Vidit, Santosh Gujrathi – G369 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 Bc5 5. Bg2 d6 6. O-O h6 7. Nc3 a6 8. Be3 O-O 9. Bxc5 dxc5 10. Nd2 b5
81. Tata Steel GpA 2019 – Round 6.3 – Duda, Jacob – 0-1 – Giri, Anish – G33 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 g6 5. Bg2 Bg7 6. c4 d6 7. h3 O-O 8. Nc3 Nd7 9. Bg5 f6 10. Be3 f5
CCT Final Playoff 2023 – Round 3.2 – Firouzja, Alireza – 0-1 – Nakamura, Hikaru – G28 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. d3 Nc6 4. g3 Bc5 5. Bg2 d6 6. c3 a6 7. O-O O-O 8. Re1 Ne7 9. b4 Ba7 10. a4 a5
CCT Final Playoff 2023 – Round 3.3 – Abdusattorov, Nodirbek – 1-0 – Lazavik, Denis – G30 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 d5 5. exd5 Nxd5 6. Bg2 Bd6 7. O-O O-O 8. Nc3 Nxc3 9. bxc3 Bg4 10. Rb1 Rb8
FIDE Grand Swiss 2025 – Round 7 – Praggnanandhaa R – 1-0 – Rodshtein Maxim – G359 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 Bc5 5. Bg2 d6 6. O-O O-O 7. h3 a5 8. Kh2 h6 9. c4 Bd7 10. Nc3 Nh7
FIDE Grand Swiss 2025 – Round 8 – Moussard Jules – 1/2-1/2 – Kollars Dmitrij – G445 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 d5 5. exd5 Nxd5 6. Bg2 Bd6 7. O-O O-O 8. a3 a5 9. Re1 Bg4 10. h3 Bh5
FIDE Grand Swiss 2025 – Round 9 – Abdusattorov Nodirbek – 1/2-1/2 – Bluebaum Matthias – G466 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. d3 Nc6 4. g3 d5 5. exd5 Nxd5 6. Bg2 Bc5 7. O-O O-O 8. a3 a5 9. Nc3 Nxc3 10. bxc3 h6
FIDE World Cup 2015 – Round 1.4 – Atabayev, Yusup – 1/2-1/2 – Grischuk, Alexander – G168 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 Bc5 5. Bg2 d6 6. O-O h6 7. c3 a6 8. b4 Ba7 9. a4 Ne7 10. Nbd2 Ng6
FIDE World Rapid Championship 2014 – Round 14.5 – Svidler, Peter – 1/2-1/2 – Wang, Hao(ZJWZ) – G83 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. d3 Nc6 4. g3 d5 5. Nbd2 Be7 6. Bg2 O-O 7. O-O Re8 8. c3 a5 9. exd5 Nxd5 10. Re1 f6
FIDE World Rapid Championship 2025 – Round 4 – Gukesh D – 1-0 – Pichot Alan – G69 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 Bc5 5. Bg2 d6 6. O-O h6 7. h3 O-O 8. Kh2 a5 9. c4 Bd7 10. Nc3 Re8
GCT Blitz Paris 2016 – Round 1.1 – Carlsen, Magnus – 1/2-1/2 – So, Wesley – G1 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. d3 Nf6 4. g3 d5 5. exd5 Nxd5 6. Bg2 Bd6 7. O-O O-O 8. Re1 Re8 9. Nc3 Nxc3 10. bxc3 Rb8
GCT Blitz Paris 2019 – Round 10.1 – Duda, Jacob – 1/2-1/2 – Anand, Viswanathan – G46 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. d3 Nf6 4. g3 Bc5 5. Bg2 d6 6. O-O O-O 7. c3 a5 8. Re1 Re8 9. h3 h6 10. d4 Ba7
Global Chess League 2023 – Round 4.4 – Hou, Yifan(HLJ) – 1/2-1/2 – Koneru, Humpy – G49 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. d3 Nc6 4. g3 g6 5. Bg2 Bg7 6. c4 d6 7. h3 h6 8. Nc3 Be6 9. Be3 Qd7 10. Qd2 Ng8
Lindores Abbey Tal Memorial 2021 – Round 12.27 – Movsesian, Sergei – 1-0 – Stefanova, Antoaneta – G527 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 d5 5. exd5 Nxd5 6. Bg2 Bg4 7. O-O Bd6 8. h3 Bh5 9. Nc3 Nxc3 10. bxc3 O-O
Lindores Abbey Tal Memorial 2021 – Round 4.32 – Movsesian, Sergei – 1-0 – Saduakassova, Dinara – G192 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 d5 5. exd5 Nxd5 6. Bg2 f6 7. O-O Be6 8. Nc3 Qd7 9. d4 Nxc3 10. bxc3 O-O-O
Moscow FIDE Grand Prix 2019 – Round 4.3 – Grischuk, Alexander – 1/2-1/2 – Nepomniachtchi, Ian – G45 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. d3 Nc6 4. g3 d5 5. exd5 Qxd5 6. Bg2 Bg4 7. h3 Bxf3 8. Qxf3 Qxf3 9. Bxf3 Nd4 10. Bd1 O-O-O
Norway Chess blitz 2nd 2014 – Round 1.2 – Topalov, Veselin – 0-1 – Carlsen, Magnus – G2 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 Bc5 5. Bg2 d6 6. c3 O-O 7. O-O a6 8. Re1 Ba7 9. Na3 Ne7 10. Nc2 Ng6
Saint Louis Rapid and Blitz 2025 – Round 18 – Abdusattorov Nodirbek – 1/2-1/2 – Le Quang Liem – G90 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 Bc5 5. Bg2 d6 6. Nc3 a5 7. O-O O-O 8. h3 Nd4 9. Nxd4 Bxd4 10. Kh2 Nd7
Superbet Blitz 2022 – Round 17.4 – Rapport, Richard – 0-1 – Anand, Viswanathan – G84 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. d3 Nf6 4. g3 Bc5 5. Bg2 d6 6. O-O O-O 7. c3 a5 8. a4 Re8 9. Re1 h6 10. Na3 Bd7
SuperUnited Blitz 2022 – Round 13.3 – Carlsen, Magnus – 1/2-1/2 – Dominguez Perez, Leinier – G63 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. d3 Nc6 4. g3 Bc5 5. Bg2 d6 6. O-O O-O 7. c3 a5 8. Re1 Re8 9. h3 h6 10. Nbd2 Bd7
Tata Steel Chess 2025 – Round 13 – Abdusattorov Nodirbek – 1/2-1/2 – Harikrishna Pentala – G80 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 d5 5. exd5 Qxd5 6. Bg2 e4 7. Nc3 Bb4 8. Nd2 Bxc3 9. bxc3 Bg4 10. Nxe4 O-O-O
World Blitz 2015 – Round 10.18 – Zvjaginsev, Vadim – 1-0 – Bogdanovich, Saveliy Vl – G602 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 d5 5. exd5 Nxd5 6. Bg2 g6 7. O-O Bg7 8. Nc3 Nb6 9. a4 a5 10. Bg5 f6
World Blitz 2015 – Round 2.47 – Bauer, Christian – 0-1 – Guliyev, Namig – G110 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. d3 Nc6 4. g3 Bc5 5. Bg2 O-O 6. O-O d5 7. exd5 Nxd5 8. Re1 Re8 9. Nc3 Nb6 10. h3 f6
World Blitz 2018 – Round 6.49 – Zvjaginsev, Vadim – 1/2-1/2 – Tang, Andrew – G371 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 Bc5 5. Bg2 d6 6. O-O O-O 7. c3 a6 8. a4 h6 9. Na3 Re8 10. Nc2 Bd7
World Blitz 2019 – Round 11.7 – Chigaev, Maksim – 0-1 – Yu, Yangyi – G776 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. d3 Nc6 4. g3 Bc5 5. Bg2 d6 6. O-O O-O 7. Nc3 a5 8. h3 a4 9. a3 Nd4 10. Nxd4 Bxd4
World Blitz 2019 – Round 14.42 – Zvjaginsev, Vadim – 1-0 – Antipov Olano, Maxim – G952 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 g6 5. Bg2 Bg7 6. O-O O-O 7. c3 d5 8. Qc2 h6 9. a4 a5 10. Na3 Re8
World Blitz 2021 – Round 10.18 – Rapport, Richard – 1-0 – Cheparinov, Ivan – G578 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 d5 5. exd5 Nxd5 6. Bg2 Bc5 7. O-O O-O 8. a3 a5 9. Nc3 Nf6 10. Be3 Bxe3
World Blitz 2021 – Round 12.1 – Carlsen, Magnus – 1/2-1/2 – Erigaisi Arjun – G693 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. d3 Nc6 4. g3 d5 5. exd5 Nxd5 6. Bg2 Be7 7. O-O O-O 8. Re1 f6 9. d4 Bg4 10. h3 Bxf3
World Blitz 2021 – Round 12.19 – Rapport, Richard – 1/2-1/2 – Sanal, Vahap – G702 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 d5 5. exd5 Nxd5 6. Bg2 Bd6 7. O-O O-O 8. a3 a5 9. Nc3 Nf6 10. Re1 h6
World Blitz 2021 – Round 16.31 – Rapport, Richard – 0-1 – Santos Latasa, Jaime – G942 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 d5 5. exd5 Nxd5 6. Bg2 g6 7. Nc3 Nde7 8. O-O Bg7 9. Rb1 a5 10. Re1 O-O
World Blitz 2021 – Round 21.35 – Sadhwani, Raunak – 0-1 – Petrosyan, Manuel – G1226 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 d5 5. exd5 Nxd5 6. Bg2 g6 7. O-O Bg7 8. Nc3 Nxc3 9. bxc3 O-O 10. Rb1 Rb8
World Blitz 2021 – Round 6.41 – Rapport, Richard – 1-0 – Demchenko, Aleksandr – G353 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 d5 5. exd5 Nxd5 6. Bg2 Bd6 7. O-O O-O 8. a3 Bg4 9. h3 Bh5 10. c4 Nf6
World Blitz 2021 – Round 8.39 – Rapport, Richard – 1-0 – Mikhalevski, Victor – G471 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 Bc5 5. Bg2 d6 6. O-O O-O 7. c3 a5 8. a4 Re8 9. Na3 d5 10. exd5 Nxd5
World Blitz 2022 – Round 1.30 – Sadhwani, Raunak – 1-0 – Nesterov, Arseniy – G22 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. d3 Nc6 4. g3 d5 5. exd5 Nxd5 6. Bg2 Be7 7. O-O O-O 8. Nc3 Be6 9. Re1 Nxc3 10. bxc3 Bf6
World Blitz 2022 – Round 4.20 – Rapport, Richard – 1-0 – Paravyan, David – G188 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. d3 Nc6 4. g3 d5 5. exd5 Nxd5 6. Bg2 Bd6 7. O-O O-O 8. a3 Nf6 9. Nc3 h6 10. Re1 Re8
World Blitz 2023 – Round 18.53 – Henriquez Villagra, Cristobal – 0-1 – Aditya Mittal – G1049 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 Bc5 5. Bg2 d6 6. O-O h6 7. Nc3 a6 8. Nd5 Be6 9. c4 Nd4 10. Nxd4 Bxd4
World Blitz 2023 – Round 9.9 – Chigaev, Maksim – 0-1 – Matlakov, Maxim – G553 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 d5 5. exd5 Nxd5 6. Bg2 Bd6 7. O-O O-O 8. a3 a5 9. c4 Nf6 10. Nc3 h6
World Rapid 2019 – Round 7.44 – Zvjaginsev, Vadim – 1-0 – Sadhwani, Raunak – G466 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 Bc5 5. Bg2 d6 6. c3 O-O 7. O-O a6 8. a4 Ba7 9. Na3 Be6 10. Nc2 h6
World Rapid 2021 – Round 12.45 – Zvjaginsev, Vadim – 0-1 – Saini Vidit – G716 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 g6 5. Bg2 Bg7 6. O-O O-O 7. Re1 d5 8. exd5 Nxd5 9. Nc3 Nde7 10. Rb1 a5
World Rapid 2021 – Round 4.15 – Rapport, Richard – 1/2-1/2 – Van Foreest, Jorden – G204 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 d5 5. exd5 Nxd5 6. Bg2 Bd6 7. O-O O-O 8. a3 a5 9. Nc3 Nxc3 10. bxc3 h6
World Rapid 2021 – Round 9.8 – Rapport, Richard – 0-1 – Amin, Bassem – G561 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. g3 Nf6 4. d3 d5 5. exd5 Nxd5 6. Bg2 g6 7. Nc3 Bg7 8. O-O O-O 9. Nxd5 Qxd5 10. Re1 Qd6

C44f — Inverted Philidor

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d3 Nf6 4.g3

Eval: [-0.18]

Les coups candidats

4…Bc5 — 41.0% (743 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Zvjaginsev, Vadim (18x), Abdusattorov, Nodirbek (7x), Weglicki, Slawomir (4x), Landes, Eric J (4x), Gukesh D (4x), Engelen, Johan (3x), Boskovic, Dragan (3x), Afanasiev, Nikita (3x)

4…d5 — 39.6% (716 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Zvjaginsev, Vadim (13x), Rapport, Richard (11x), Demeter, Peter (4x), Sedlak, Nikola (4x), Lutikov, Anatoly S (3x), Suedel, P. (3x), Smith, Harry E (3x), Lemonidis, Christos (3x)

4…Be7 — 6.2% (113 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Frantzke, Helmut (3x), Jilemnicka, Jana (2x), Ivanovic, Jelena (2x), Meissner, Fabian (2x), Anastassopulos, Anastasios (1x), Momo, Suren (1x), Singer Garcia, Milo (1x), Gruber Marius (1x)

4…d6 — 5.6% (101 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Frantzke, Helmut (2x), Eisenbeiser, Amadeus (2x), Liberzon, Vladimir M (1x), Hannon, Brian (1x), Oaker, William R (1x), Aadhyeta Roy (1x), Ipek, Ali (1x), Cruz, Jorge (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	4…Bc5	4…d5	4…Be7	4…d6
<1800	116	52%	27%	11%	6%
1800-2200	585	43%	39%	7%	5%
2200-2600	509	37%	47%	3%	2%
2600+	98	49%	43%	2%	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	4…Bc5	4…d5	4…Be7	4…d6
1950s	8	25%	62%	—	12%
1960s	11	45%	36%	9%	—
1970s	28	18%	50%	4%	14%
1980s	49	29%	47%	2%	8%
1990s	324	39%	34%	9%	10%
2000s	479	42%	38%	7%	7%
2010s	559	47%	36%	6%	3%
2020s	352	38%	50%	4%	2%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
4…Bc5	47%	38%	▼ -9.0%
4…d5	36%	50%	▲ +13.6%
4…Be7	6%	4%	▼ -1.9%
4…d6	3%	2%	▼ -1.4%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Gukesh D — 8 parties
Carlsen, Magnus — 4 parties
Anand, Viswanathan — 3 parties
Karpov, Aleksandr — 1 partie
Kramnik, Vladimir — 1 partie
Hou, Yifan — 1 partie

Parties historiques

4…Bc5 — 41.0% (743 parties)

1955 — Suk, Ivan vs Draxl, Rudolph — 1-0 — Ottawa CAN
1955 — McKinnin, CF. vs Walker, Rohan — 0-1 — Long Beach, CA USA
1962 — Tringov, Georgi P vs Lehmann Garcia, Daniel William — 1-0 — Sofia BUL
1962 — Vitolinsh, Alvis vs Vooremaa, Andres — 1-0 — Leningrad RUS
1964 — Gadia, Olicio vs Asfora, Eduardo Hasbum — 1-0 — Brasilia BRA

4…d5 — 39.6% (716 parties)

1950 — Ivkov, Borislav vs Rellstab, Ludwig — 1-0 — Bled SLO
1951 — Janosevic, Dragoljub vs Bertok, Mario Jr. — 0-1 — Sarajevo BIH
1954 — Wexler, Bernardo vs Cruz, Walter — 1-0 — Mar del Plata ARG
1958 — Lomaya, Teimuraz vs Lutikov, Anatoly S — 0-1 — Vilnius LTU
1959 — Liberzon, Vladimir M vs Gray Denis John Pereira — 1-0 — Budapest HUN

4…Be7 — 6.2% (113 parties)

1960 — Anastassopulos, Anastasios vs Momo, Suren — 0-1 — Leipzig GER
1971 — Bunnell, D. vs Innes-Reid, TV. — 0-1 — London ENG
1989 — Singer Garcia, Milo vs Gruber Marius — 1/2-1/2 — ?
1991 — Kuntzig, Wilfried vs Ritscher, Jan-Paul, Dr. — 1-0 — GER
1992 — Muron, Martin vs Blaha, Benjamin — 0-1 — Czechoslovakia

4…d6 — 5.6% (101 parties)

1959 — Liberzon, Vladimir M vs Hannon, Brian — 1-0 — Budapest HUN
1970 — Csom, Istvan vs Bleu Laine, Keyfa Jacques — 1-0 — Siegen GER
1970 — Karpov, Aleksandr vs Chilnov — 1-0 — Riga LAT
1971 — Ipek, Ali vs Cruz, Jorge — 0-1 — Athens GRE
1977 — Dufek, Vladimir vs Karlicky P — 1/2-1/2 — Prague CZE

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