B22c — Alapin

1.e4 c5 2.c3 e6 3.Nf3 d5 4.e5 ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre fermé

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

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Plans. Bd3 (Fou actif (mobilité 10), Développer f1 — 34 % des parties) ; d4 (Occuper le centre — 11 % des parties) ; d3 (Libérer Bf1, préparer Bd3 — 10 % des parties) ; g3 (Préparer le fianchetto — 5 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

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Plans. ...d4 (Occuper le centre — 76 % des parties) ; ...Ne7 (Développer g8 — 6 % des parties) ; ...Nc6 (Développer b8 — 5 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● b2→c3, d2→c3	● e6→d5, f7→e6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	—	—
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d4 (2v1), ● e5 (1v0)	● d5 (2v0), ● e4 (1v0)

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bf1	● Bf1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 1)
Bf8		● Bf8 Non développé (mob. 2)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	5 (● b1, ● c1, ● f1, ● a1, ● h1)	6 (● b8, ● g8, ● c8, ● f8, ● a8, ● h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre	● Au centre
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	fermé
Ruptures	● c3-c4, ● d2-d4	● …d5-d4, ● …f7-f6

Partie
1902 It (Men) Monte Carlo MNC – Round 18 – Albin, Adolf – 0-1 – Marchand, Max – G50 1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 e6 3. c3 d5 4. e5 Nc6 5. Bb5 Bd7 6. Bxc6 Bxc6 7. O-O d4 8. d3 Qd7 9. c4 Ne7 10. Bf4 Ng6
1903 It (Men) Monte Carlo MNC – Round 2 – Moreau, Chloe – 0-1 – Maroczy, Geza – G9 1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 e6 3. c3 d5 4. e5 Nc6 5. Bb5 Qb6 6. Bxc6+ bxc6 7. O-O Ba6 8. Re1 Bd3 9. Na3 Nh6 10. Nc2 a5
1959 HUN Ch Budapest HUN – Round 2 – Haag, Ervin – 0-1 – Lengyel, Levente – G4 1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 e6 3. c3 d5 4. e5 d4 5. cxd4 cxd4 6. Bb5+ Bd7 7. Bxd7+ Qxd7 8. d3 Nc6 9. O-O Nge7 10. Nbd2 Ng6
1961 Budapest ch-HUN – Round 1 – Haag, Ervin – 1/2-1/2 – Varnusz, Egon – G107 1. Nf3 c5 2. e4 e6 3. c3 d5 4. e5 d4 5. c4 Nc6 6. d3 Nge7 7. Bg5 Qa5+ 8. Nbd2 Ng6 9. Be2 h6 10. Bh4 Nxh4
1961 Debrecen – Round 13 – Haag, Ervin – 1-0 – Lokvenc, Josef – G89 1. Nf3 c5 2. e4 e6 3. c3 d5 4. e5 Ne7 5. d4 Nec6 6. Bd3 Qc7 7. O-O cxd4 8. cxd4 Nb4 9. Nc3 Nxd3 10. Qxd3 Bd7
1967 URS Team Ch – Round 1 – Zaitsev, Igor A – 0-1 – Nikitin, Aleksander S – G85 1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 e6 3. c3 d5 4. e5 d4 5. Bb5+ Bd7 6. Qe2 Nc6 7. b4 cxb4 8. a3 bxa3 9. cxd4 a6 10. Bd3 b5
43. Olympiad 2018 – Round 10.24 – Atabayev, Yusup – 1/2-1/2 – Gledura, Benjamin – G656 1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 e6 3. c3 d5 4. e5 d4 5. Bd3 Nc6 6. Qe2 Bd7 7. O-O Nge7 8. Na3 Nd5 9. Bc4 Nb6 10. Bd3 g6
FIDE World Rapid Championship 2025 – Round 2 – Nepomniachtchi Ian – 1-0 – Quparadze Giga – G22 1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 e6 3. c3 d5 4. e5 d4 5. d3 Nc6 6. g3 Nge7 7. Bg2 Ng6 8. Qe2 Qc7 9. Na3 Bd7 10. Nc4 b5
GCT Blitz Croatia 2021 – Round 8.3 – Vachier-Lagrave, Maxime – 1-0 – Kasparov, Garry – G38 1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 e6 3. c3 d5 4. e5 d4 5. Bd3 Bd7 6. O-O Bc6 7. Re1 g5 8. h3 h5 9. Na3 g4 10. Nh2 Nh6
Madrid 1994 – Round 1 – Illescas Cordoba, Miguel – 1/2-1/2 – Polgar, Judit – G4 1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 e6 3. c3 d5 4. e5 d4 5. Bd3 Bd7 6. O-O Bc6 7. b3 Ne7 8. cxd4 Ng6 9. Re1 cxd4 10. Ba3 Bxa3
Madrid 1994 – Round 4 – Illescas Cordoba, Miguel – 1/2-1/2 – Polgar, Judit – G17 1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 e6 3. c3 d5 4. e5 d4 5. Bd3 Bd7 6. O-O Bc6 7. b3 Ne7 8. cxd4 Ng6 9. Re1 cxd4 10. Ba3 Bxa3
Tal Memorial Blitz 2014 – Round 19.4 – Morozevich, Alexander – 1-0 – Svidler, Peter – G112 1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 e6 3. c3 d5 4. e5 d4 5. Bd3 Bd7 6. O-O Bc6 7. Na3 Ne7 8. Re1 Ng6 9. Be4 Be7 10. d3 dxc3
World Blitz 2016 – Round 13.33 – Zhigalko, Sergei – 0-1 – Quparadze, Giga – G529 1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 e6 3. c3 d5 4. e5 d4 5. Bd3 Bd7 6. O-O Bc6 7. Na3 Nd7 8. Re1 Ne7 9. cxd4 cxd4 10. Nc4 Ng6
World Blitz 2019 – Round 10.10 – Ponkratov, Pavel – 1-0 – Quparadze, Giga – G657 1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 e6 3. c3 d5 4. e5 d4 5. Bd3 Bd7 6. O-O Bc6 7. Re1 Ne7 8. Na3 Ng6 9. cxd4 cxd4 10. Bf1 Bxa3
World Blitz 2021 – Round 4.1 – Carlsen, Magnus – 1-0 – Sychev, Klementy – G196 1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 e6 3. c3 d5 4. e5 d4 5. d3 Nc6 6. g3 Nge7 7. Bg2 Ng6 8. Qe2 Qc7 9. O-O Ncxe5 10. cxd4 Nxf3+
World Blitz 2021 – Round 7.29 – Van Foreest, Jorden – 0-1 – Quparadze, Giga – G404 1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 e6 3. c3 d5 4. e5 d4 5. d3 Nc6 6. g3 Nge7 7. Bg2 Ng6 8. Qe2 Qc7 9. Na3 Ncxe5 10. Nxe5 Qxe5
World Blitz 2022 – Round 3.52 – Christiansen, Johan-Sebastian – 0-1 – Riazantsev, Alexander – G167 1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 e6 3. c3 d5 4. e5 d4 5. d3 Bd7 6. g3 Bc6 7. Bg2 Ne7 8. O-O Nf5 9. Re1 Be7 10. Na3 O-O
World Blitz 2022 – Round 5.17 – Sadhwani, Raunak – 1/2-1/2 – Quparadze, Giga – G240 1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 e6 3. c3 d5 4. e5 d4 5. Na3 Bd7 6. cxd4 cxd4 7. Nxd4 Nc6 8. Nxc6 Bxc6 9. Nc2 Ne7 10. d4 Nf5
World Blitz 2023 – Round 15.7 – Aronian, Levon – 1-0 – Riazantsev, Alexander – G889 1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 e6 3. c3 d5 4. e5 d4 5. Na3 Nc6 6. Bd3 Nh6 7. O-O Be7 8. Re1 b6 9. Be4 Bb7 10. cxd4 cxd4
World Blitz 2023 – Round 19.13 – Sindarov, Javokhir – 0-1 – Andreikin, Dmitry – G1067 1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 e6 3. c3 d5 4. e5 Nc6 5. g3 g5 6. h3 d4 7. d3 h6 8. Nbd2 Bg7 9. Nc4 Nge7 10. cxd4 cxd4
World Cup 1988 – Round 1 – Ljubojevic, Ljubomir – 1/2-1/2 – Ribli, Zoltan – G42 1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 e6 3. c3 d5 4. e5 Nc6 5. Na3 Bd7 6. Nc2 f6 7. d4 fxe5 8. dxe5 Qc7 9. Bf4 Nge7 10. Ne3 Ng6

B22c — Alapin (1902)

1.e4 c5 2.c3 e6 3.Nf3 d5 4.e5

Les coups candidats

4…d4 — 76.5% (1250 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Lyell, Mark (17x), Wall, Gavin (13x), Rahls, Peter (10x), Gheorghiu, Florin (9x), Kotan, Ladislav (8x), Hendriks, Willy (8x), Degraeve, Jean-Marc (8x), Kauschmann, Herbert (7x)

4…Ne7 — 6.4% (105 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Tanninen, Kari (2x), Innala, Heikki-Pekka (2x), Becerra Rivero, Julio (2x), Lopez, Mia (2x), Grosar, Kiti (2x), Karttunen, Mika (2x), Hornung, Hans, Dr. (2x), Libersan, Thierry (2x)

4…Nc6 — 5.1% (83 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Niekrens, Stefan (3x), Hawkes, Peter D. (2x), Reznak, Attila (2x), Eriksson Lasse (1x), Kaasalainen, Arvo (1x), Espinosa Paz, Manuel (1x), Bazan, Osvaldo (1x), Haahr, Merete (1x)

4…Bd7 — 2.1% (35 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Balinas, Rosendo C (2x), Espig, Lutz (2x), Zunker, Reinhard, Dr. (2x), Limberg, Siegfried (2x), Grunina, Nina (2x), Enklaar, Bert (1x), Marcus, Joost (1x), Zaichik, Gennadi (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	4…d4	4…Ne7	4…Nc6	4…Bd7
<1800	62	63%	10%	11%	—
1800-2200	504	67%	9%	8%	3%
2200-2600	929	85%	4%	2%	2%
2600+	34	91%	3%	6%	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	4…d4	4…Ne7	4…Nc6	4…Bd7
1950s	2	50%	50%	—	—
1960s	6	33%	17%	50%	—
1970s	23	26%	17%	—	17%
1980s	76	70%	8%	5%	7%
1990s	295	74%	9%	5%	2%
2000s	440	72%	5%	6%	3%
2010s	458	77%	8%	6%	1%
2020s	333	90%	2%	3%	1%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
4…d4	77%	90%	▲ +13.8%
4…Ne7	8%	2%	▼ -6.0%
4…Nc6	6%	3%	▼ -2.7%
4…Bd7	1%	1%	-0.2%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Hou, Yifan — 3 parties
Kasparov, Garry — 2 parties
Carlsen, Magnus — 1 partie

Parties historiques

4…d4 — 76.5% (1250 parties)

1959 — Haag, Ervin vs Lengyel, Levente — 0-1 — HUN-ch Budapest HUN
1961 — Haag, Ervin vs Varnusz, Egon — 1/2-1/2 — Budapest ch-HUN
1967 — Zaitsev, Igor vs Nikitin, A. — 0-1 — Moscow RUS
1973 — Hennings, Artur vs Brameyer, Hermann — 1-0 — DDR-ch 22th Erfurt GER
1978 — Small, Vernon A vs Green, Ewen M — 1/2-1/2 — Wellington NZL

4…Ne7 — 6.4% (105 parties)

1954 — Pfeiffer, Gerhard vs Mross, Paul — 1-0 — Hamburg GER
1961 — Haag, Ervin vs Lokvenc, Josef — 1-0 — Debrecen HUN
1970 — Hecht, Hans-Joachim vs Gerusel, Mathias — 1-0 — Bad Pyrmont GER
1975 — Keller, Dieter vs Hug, Werner — 1-0 — Zurich SUI
1976 — Curdo, John vs Elowitch Stanley — 0-1 — Portland, ME

4…Nc6 — 5.1% (83 parties)

1964 — Eriksson Lasse vs Kaasalainen, Arvo — 0-1 — ?
1968 — Espinosa Paz, Manuel vs Bazan, Osvaldo — 0-1 — Cordoba ARG
1969 — Haahr, Merete vs Ivanka, Maria — 0-1 — Lublin POL
1982 — Ameer Baker vs Knight, Timothy — 0-1 — Luzern olm
1985 — Schutz, Ingemar vs Hammar, Bengt — 1-0 — Sweden

4…Bd7 — 2.1% (35 parties)

1976 — Balinas, Rosendo C vs Espig, Lutz — 1-0 — Odessa UKR
1976 — Balinas, Rosendo C vs Espig, Lutz — 1-0 — Odessa it Odessa UKR
1978 — Enklaar, Bert vs Marcus, Joost — 1-0 — Nijmegen NED
1978 — Campora, Daniel H. vs Emma, Jaime — 1/2-1/2 — ARG-ch Buenos Aires ARG
1982 — Krauseneck, Peter, Dr. vs Cicovacki, Predrag — 1-0 — Caorle op Caorle ITA

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