Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● c4→d5	● f7→g6, h7→g6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● b5 (2v0)	—
Cases faibles	—	● d5
Centre	● d5 (3v1)	—

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bf1	● Bf1 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bf8		● Bf8 Non développé (mob. 2)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	5 (● g1, ● c1, ● f1, ● a1, ● h1)	5 (● b8, ● c8, ● f8, ● a8, ● h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre	● Au centre
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	mobile
Ruptures	● d5-d6	● …e7-e6

A56h — Benoni: 3.d5 g6

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 g6 4.Nc3 * ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre mobile

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plans. e4 (Occuper le centre — 85 % des parties) ; Nf3 (Développer g1 — 8 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plans. ...Bg7 (Fianchetto, fou sur la grande diagonale — 60 % des parties) ; ...d6 (Libérer Bc8 — 38 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Partie
1953 Hoogovens – Round 1 – Füster, Géza – 1/2-1/2 – Rossolimo, Nicolas – G6 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 c5 4. d5 Bg7 5. g3 O-O 6. Bg2 e5 7. e4 d6 8. Nge2 a6 9. O-O Nh5 10. Be3 f5
1955 Hastings5556 – Round 7 – Golombek, H. – 0-1 – Kortchnoi, V. – G31 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 c5 3. d5 g6 4. Nc3 Bg7 5. e4 O-O 6. f3 d6 7. Bd3 Nbd7 8. Nge2 Ne5 9. O-O a6 10. Be3 Nfd7
1955 Manhattan CC Ch 5556 – Round 4 – Klugman, Reuben – 0-1 – Lombardy, William J – G18 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 c5 3. d5 g6 4. Nc3 Bg7 5. e4 O-O 6. e5 Ne8 7. Nf3 d6 8. Bf4 Bg4 9. exd6 exd6 10. Be2 Nd7
1957 URS Ch, semi final – Round 12 – Borisenko, Georgy K – 1/2-1/2 – Prokhorovich, Taras E – G121 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 c5 3. d5 g6 4. Nc3 e6 5. Nf3 Bg7 6. e4 exd5 7. exd5 O-O 8. Be2 d6 9. O-O Nbd7 10. Bf4 Ne8
1958 Munich olm fin-C – Round 4 – Fairhurst, William – 1-0 – Durão, Joaquim Manuel – G8 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 c5 3. d5 g6 4. Nc3 Bg7 5. Bf4 d6 6. Qd2 O-O 7. Bh6 e5 8. Bxg7 Kxg7 9. e4 a6 10. Bd3 Nbd7
1964 Capablanca Memorial – Round 3 – Uhlmann, Wolfgang – 1-0 – Bielicki, Carlos – G34 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 c5 3. d5 g6 4. Nc3 Bg7 5. Nf3 O-O 6. Bg5 h6 7. Bf4 d6 8. e4 Nh5 9. Be3 Nf6 10. Be2 e6
1964 Rubinstein Memorial – Round 7 – Kavalek, Lubomir – 0-1 – Velimirovic, Dragoljub – G25 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 c5 3. d5 g6 4. Nc3 Bg7 5. e4 O-O 6. Bg5 d6 7. Qd2 Qa5 8. Bd3 Nbd7 9. Nf3 a6 10. a4 b5
1964 WchT U26 11. fin-A – Round 11.4 – Farago, Ivan – 1-0 – Bogdanov, Emil – G201 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 c5 3. d5 g6 4. Nc3 Bg7 5. Nf3 O-O 6. Bf4 d6 7. h3 a6 8. a4 Qa5 9. Bd2 Qc7 10. e4 e5
1965 Titograd – Round 12 – Bertok, Mario Jr. – 1-0 – Velimirovic, Dragoljub – G82 1. d4 c5 2. d5 Nf6 3. c4 g6 4. Nc3 Bg7 5. e4 O-O 6. Bd3 e5 7. Nge2 Nh5 8. g4 Nf6 9. Ng3 d6 10. h3 Na6
1966 Den Haag zt – Round 1 – Gligorić, Svetozar – 1-0 – Velimirovic, Dragoljub – G2 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 c5 3. d5 g6 4. Nc3 Bg7 5. e4 O-O 6. Nf3 e6 7. Be2 Re8 8. e5 Ng4 9. Bg5 Qa5 10. O-O Nxe5
1966 Den Haag zt – Round 9 – Mazzoni, Guido – 0-1 – Velimirovic, Dragoljub – G48 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 c5 3. d5 g6 4. Nc3 Bg7 5. e4 O-O 6. Be2 e5 7. g4 d6 8. h4 Ne8 9. h5 Nd7 10. Qd3 a6
1968 Belgrade – Round 1 – Yoffie, Marc – 1-0 – Velimirovic, Dragoljub – G21 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 c5 3. d5 g6 4. Nc3 Bg7 5. e4 O-O 6. Bd3 e5 7. Bg5 h6 8. Be3 d6 9. f3 Nh5 10. Qd2 f5
1969 Yugoslavia – Round 1 – Mititelu, Gheorghe – 0-1 – Velimirovic, Dragoljub – G7 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 c5 3. d5 g6 4. Nc3 Bg7 5. e4 O-O 6. Bd3 e5 7. h3 d6 8. Bg5 h6 9. Be3 Nh5 10. g3 a6
77. Tata Steel GpA 2015 – Round 9.7 – Aronian, Levon – 1-0 – Jobava, Baadur – G39 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 c5 3. d5 g6 4. Nc3 Bg7 5. e4 O-O 6. Bd3 e6 7. h3 exd5 8. exd5 a6 9. a4 a5 10. Nge2 Na6
Moscow 1975 – Round 1 – Bohm, Hans – 0-1 – Tal, Mikhail – G19 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 c5 3. d5 g6 4. Nc3 Bg7 5. e4 O-O 6. Bd3 e6 7. h3 exd5 8. exd5 Re8+ 9. Be3 Nh5 10. Nge2 d6
Tal Memorial Blitz 2014 – Round 10.5 – Kramnik, Vladimir – 1-0 – Grischuk, Alexander – G59 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 c5 3. d5 g6 4. Nc3 Bg7 5. e4 O-O 6. Nf3 e6 7. e5 Ng4 8. Ng5 Nxe5 9. f4 exd5 10. fxe5 d4
World Blitz 2015 – Round 14.52 – Wagner, Dennis – 0-1 – Khairullin, Ildar – G890 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 c5 3. d5 g6 4. Nc3 Bg7 5. e4 O-O 6. Nf3 e6 7. e5 Ne8 8. h4 d6 9. h5 dxe5 10. hxg6 fxg6
World Blitz 2015 – Round 17.4 – Vovk, Yuri – 1-0 – Aronian, Levon – G1064 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 c5 3. d5 g6 4. Nc3 Bg7 5. e4 O-O 6. f3 a6 7. a4 e6 8. Nge2 exd5 9. cxd5 Nh5 10. Be3 d6
World Blitz 2015 – Round 4.17 – Ragger, Markus – 0-1 – Aronian, Levon – G219 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 c5 3. d5 g6 4. Nc3 Bg7 5. e4 O-O 6. e5 Ne8 7. h4 d6 8. e6 fxe6 9. h5 exd5 10. Nxd5 Nc6
World Blitz 2015 – Round 4.56 – Carow, Johannes, Dr. – 1-0 – Adhiban, B. – G256 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 c5 3. d5 g6 4. Nc3 Bg7 5. e4 O-O 6. f3 e6 7. Be3 d6 8. Nge2 exd5 9. cxd5 Nbd7 10. Ng3 h5
World Blitz 2022 – Round 19.14 – Salem, A.R. Saleh – 1-0 – Indjic, Aleksandar – G997 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 c5 3. d5 g6 4. Nc3 Bg7 5. Nf3 d6 6. h3 O-O 7. e3 e5 8. Bd3 Nbd7 9. e4 Nh5 10. g3 h6

A56h — Benoni (1953)

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 g6 4.Nc3

Les coups candidats

4…Bg7 — 67.3% (6139 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Velimirovic, Dragoljub (108x), Velickovic, Sasa (44x), Hernandez Guerrero, Gilberto (43x), Manolache, Marius (35x), Mantovani, Renzo (29x), Smirin, Ilia (29x), Madl, Ildiko (28x), Vaulin, Alexander P. (27x)

4…d6 — 30.9% (2823 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Gdanski, Jacek (66x), Doda, Zbigniew (35x), Gheorghiu, Florin (34x), Minasian, Artashes (25x), Arsovic, Zoran (21x), Matulovic, Milan (18x), Kraidman, Yair (17x), Suetin, Alexey S (15x)

4…e6 — 1.2% (105 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Filep, Tibor (1x), Sapi, Laszlo (1x), Raisa, Unto (1x), Bertok, Mario Jr. (1x), Borisenko, Georgy K (1x), Prokhorovich, Taras E (1x), Lococo, Guillermo (1x), Rossetto, Hector (1x)

4…a6 — 0.2% (21 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Millimaci, Sam (2x), Wall, Alejandro (1x), Wall, Bill (1x), Roog, W. (1x), Drewes, Thomas (1x), Pedersen, Jacob Bang (1x), Donati, Roberto (1x), Budde, Vladimir (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	4…Bg7	4…d6	4…e6	4…a6
<1800	324	69%	27%	2%	0%
1800-2200	2589	65%	32%	2%	1%
2200-2600	4693	71%	28%	0%	—
2600+	155	88%	12%	—	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	4…Bg7	4…d6	4…e6	4…a6
1950s	122	47%	52%	1%	—
1960s	450	54%	45%	0%	—
1970s	545	63%	37%	1%	—
1980s	990	65%	34%	0%	0%
1990s	1911	62%	36%	1%	0%
2000s	1826	66%	32%	2%	0%
2010s	2299	72%	26%	1%	0%
2020s	980	82%	17%	1%	0%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
4…Bg7	72%	82%	▲ +9.8%
4…d6	26%	17%	▼ -8.6%
4…e6	1%	1%	▼ -0.7%
4…a6	0%	0%	-0.2%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Tal, Mikhail — 10 parties
Carlsen, Magnus — 5 parties
Botvinnik, Mikhail — 3 parties
Anand, Viswanathan — 3 parties
Kasparov, Garry — 3 parties
Kramnik, Vladimir — 3 parties
Ding, Liren — 3 parties
Karpov, Anatoly — 2 parties
Gukesh D — 2 parties
Karpov, Aleksandr — 1 partie

Parties historiques

4…Bg7 — 67.3% (6139 parties)

1950 — Letelier Martner, Rene vs Czerniak, Moshe — 1-0 — Venice ITA
1952 — Incutto, Carlos vs Patt Rubinstein, Jacobo — 1-0 — Buenos Aires ARG
1953 — Fuster, Glenn vs Rossolimo, Nicolas — 1/2-1/2 — Beverwijk NED
1953 — Boey, Josef vs Van Seters, Frits — 0-1 — Antwerp BEL
1953 — Kholmov, Ratmir D vs Korchnoi, Viktor — 1/2-1/2 — Vilnius LTU

4…d6 — 30.9% (2823 parties)

1950 — Borisenko, Georgy K vs Pogrebissky, Iosif — 1-0 — Tula RUS
1950 — Al Balushi, Shuaib Abdul Wahab vs Troianescu, Octav — 1/2-1/2 — Schiavno Zdroj
1951 — Bouwmeester, Hans vs Heinicke, Herbert — 1-0 — Dusseldorf FRG-NLD
1952 — Burgalat, Francisco J vs Aguilar, Carlos (PER) — 1-0 — Rosario ARG
1952 — Rhodes, HG. vs Leslie, D. — 0-1 — Chester ch-BCF

4…e6 — 1.2% (105 parties)

1957 — Borisenko, Georgy K vs Prokhorovich, Taras E — 1/2-1/2 — Sverdlovsk
1960 — Raisa, Unto vs Bertok, Mario Jr. — 0-1 — Budapest HUN
1963 — Filep, Tibor vs Sapi, Laszlo — 1-0 — Budapest ch-HUN
1972 — Olson, Camden vs Fox, James — 1-0 — Berkeley
1973 — Lococo, Guillermo vs Rossetto, Hector — 0-1 — Mar del Plata open

4…a6 — 0.2% (21 parties)

1987 — Wall, Alejandro vs Millimaci, Sam — 1-0 — Mt View,CA
1987 — Wall, Bill vs Millimaci, Sam — 1-0 — Mt View, CA
1991 — Senkiewicz, Mike vs Kossak, J. — 1-0 — New York, NY USA
1993 — Vargas, JA. vs Hernandez Roldan, Miguel — 1/2-1/2 — Matalascanas
1996 — Budde, Vladimir vs Bakshi, Raj — 1-0 — Duesseldorf GER

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