A55e — Old Indian: 5.e4 Be7 6.g3 c6 7.Bg2 O-O 8.O-O Qc7

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 d6 3.Nc3 e5 4.Nf3 Nbd7 5.e4 Be7 6.g3 c6 7.Bg2 O-O 8.O-O Qc7 * ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Centre fermé

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plan principal. Exploiter la case forte g5.

Atouts. Les Blancs s'appuient sur la case forte g5 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Les fous enfermés en e7 et c8.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le fou c1 et la tour a1).

Plans. Bg5 (Clouer Nf6) ; h3 (Empêcher ...Bg4).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plan principal. Jeu au centre (rupture c6-c5).

Atouts. Les Noirs s'appuient sur la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Les fous enfermés en c1 et g2.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le fou c8 et la tour a8).

Plans. ...c5 (Rupture) ; ...d5 (Rupture).

Avantages

Faiblesses adverses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● f2→g3, h2→g3	● d6→e5, b7→c6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● g5 (2v0)	—
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d4 (2v1), ● d5 (3v2)	—

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bg2	● Bg2 Enfermé (mob. 2)
Be7		● Be7 Enfermé (mob. 1)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	2 (● c1, ● a1)	2 (● c8, ● a8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Roqué	● Roqué
Droits de roque	—	—

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	fermé
Ruptures	● c4-c5, ● d4-d5	● …c6-c5, ● …d6-d5

Partie
1923 Karlsbad – Round 1 – Rubinstein, Akiba – 1/2-1/2 – Chajes, Oscar – G42 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 d6 3. c4 Nbd7 4. Nc3 c6 5. g3 e5 6. Bg2 Be7 7. O-O O-O 8. e4 Qc7 9. b3 Rd8 10. Bb2 Nf8
1925 Debrecen – Round 1 – Gruenfeld, Ernst – 1-0 – Kitaeff Mattison, Andres Constantin – G21 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nf3 Nbd7 4. Nc3 e5 5. g3 Be7 6. Bg2 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. e4 Qc7 9. h3 Re8 10. Be3 Bf8
1925 Marienbad – Round 1 – Rubinstein, Akiba – 1-0 – Przepiorka, Dawid – G2 1. c4 e5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 Nd7 4. e4 Ngf6 5. Nc3 Be7 6. g3 O-O 7. Bg2 c6 8. O-O Qc7 9. h3 Re8 10. Be3 Bf8
1936 Nottingham – Round 1 – Botvinnik, Mikhail – 1-0 – Tartakower, Savielly – G60 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. d4 Nbd7 4. g3 e5 5. Bg2 Be7 6. O-O O-O 7. Nc3 c6 8. e4 Qc7 9. h3 Re8 10. Be3 Nf8
1938 Bad Harzburg – Round 2 – Eliskases, Erich – 0-1 – Kieninger, Georg – G5 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nf3 Nbd7 4. Nc3 e5 5. e4 Be7 6. g3 O-O 7. Bg2 c6 8. O-O Qc7 9. b3 Re8 10. h3 a6
1938 Stockholm – Round 1 – Bergkvist, Anders – 1/2-1/2 – Ekenberg, Bengt – G2 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 Nbd7 4. Nc3 e5 5. g3 Be7 6. Bg2 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. e4 Qc7 9. b3 Re8 10. Bb2 a6
1946 Hamburg Union – Round 7 – Maicherczyk, Georg – 0-1 – Schoenmann, Wilhelm – G8 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nc3 e5 4. Nf3 Nbd7 5. g3 Be7 6. Bg2 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. e4 Qc7 9. b3 Re8 10. Bb2 Bf8
1947 Schlechter Memorial – Round 8 – Gruenfeld, Ernst – 1/2-1/2 – Grob, Henry – G26 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nc3 Nbd7 4. Nf3 e5 5. g3 Be7 6. Bg2 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. e4 Qc7 9. h3 Re8 10. Be3 b6
1947 Yugoslavia Ch – Round 14 – Gligoric, Svetozar – 1-0 – Bidev, Pavle – G69 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nc3 e5 4. Nf3 Nbd7 5. g3 c6 6. e4 Be7 7. Bg2 O-O 8. O-O Qc7 9. h3 a6 10. a4 a5
1950 Hungary – Round 1 – Monostori, Lajos – 1-0 – Vajda, Arpad – G40 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 d6 3. g3 Nbd7 4. Bg2 e5 5. c4 Be7 6. O-O O-O 7. Nc3 c6 8. e4 Qc7 9. Be3 Rd8 10. Rc1 Nf8
1952 URS Ch sf – Round ? – Khasin, Abram – 1-0 – Noakh Mikhail – G24 1. Nf3 d6 2. d4 Nd7 3. c4 e5 4. Nc3 Ngf6 5. g3 Be7 6. Bg2 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. e4 Qc7 9. b3 Re8 10. Bb2 Bf8
1953 Venice Venice ITA – Round 1 – Van Scheltinga, Theo – 1-0 – Castaldi, Vincenzo – G1 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nc3 e5 4. Nf3 Nbd7 5. g3 Be7 6. Bg2 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. e4 Qc7 9. h3 a6 10. Be3 b5
1954 Olympiad final B – Round 11 – Flater, Odd – 0-1 – Bohatyrchuk, Fedir Parfenovych – G64 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nc3 Nbd7 4. e4 e5 5. Nf3 Be7 6. g3 O-O 7. Bg2 c6 8. O-O Qc7 9. h3 Re8 10. Be3 Nf8
1958 Corr – Round 1 – Marsalek, Jaromir – 1-0 – Schoenmann, Wilhelm – G5 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nc3 e5 4. Nf3 Nbd7 5. g3 Be7 6. Bg2 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. e4 Qc7 9. b3 Re8 10. Bb2 Bf8
1959 HUN Ch 15th – Round 12 – Forintos, Gyozo V – 1-0 – Koberl, Ferenc – G43 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. g3 d6 3. d4 c6 4. Bg2 Nbd7 5. c4 e5 6. Nc3 Be7 7. O-O O-O 8. e4 Qc7 9. h3 Re8 10. Be3 Nf8
1962 It IIb – Round 8 – Kramer, Haije – 1/2-1/2 – Smederevac, Petar – G16 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 e5 3. g3 d6 4. Bg2 Be7 5. Nf3 c6 6. O-O Nbd7 7. e4 O-O 8. d4 Qc7 9. h3 Ne8 10. Be3 g6
1962 Mar del Plata Latin – Round ? – Garcia Rodriguez, Raimundo – 1-0 – Alvarez Espinoza, Crishopher Damian – G23 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nc3 Nbd7 4. Nf3 e5 5. e4 Be7 6. g3 O-O 7. Bg2 c6 8. O-O Qc7 9. Rb1 a5 10. h3 Rd8
1964 ARG Ch – Round 8 – Najdorf, Miguel – 1-0 – Luna, Julio – G34 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nf3 Nbd7 4. Nc3 e5 5. e4 Be7 6. g3 O-O 7. Bg2 c6 8. O-O Qc7 9. b3 Re8 10. Bb2 Nf8
1964 Corr FS – Round 1 – Stoltze K – 0-1 – Schoenmann, Wilhelm – G7 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nc3 e5 4. Nf3 Nbd7 5. e4 Be7 6. g3 O-O 7. Bg2 c6 8. O-O Qc7 9. h3 b6 10. Be3 Bb7
1964 WchT U26 11. qual-F – Round 1.1 – Liptay, Laszlo Dr. – 1/2-1/2 – Stepak, Yedael – G1 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nc3 Nbd7 4. e4 e5 5. Nf3 Be7 6. g3 O-O 7. Bg2 c6 8. O-O Qc7 9. b3 a6 10. a4 a5
1967 Szczecin ch POL – Round 5 – Gromek, Jozef – 0-1 – Filipowicz, Andrzej – G22 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 e5 3. Nf3 d6 4. d4 Nbd7 5. g3 Be7 6. Bg2 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. e4 Qc7 9. h3 Re8 10. Be3 Bf8
1969 It – Round 12 – Vukic, Milan – 1-0 – Espig, Lutz – G10 1. d4 d6 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. c4 Nbd7 4. Nc3 e5 5. g3 Be7 6. Bg2 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. e4 Qc7 9. h3 a6 10. dxe5 dxe5
1969 WchT U26 fin-A 16th – Round 3.2 – Despotovic, Momcilo – 1/2-1/2 – Schoeneberg, Manfred – G20 1. d4 d6 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. c4 Nbd7 4. Nc3 e5 5. g3 Be7 6. Bg2 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. e4 Qc7 9. h3 a5 10. Be3 Re8
1972 Skopje ol (Men) fin-A – Round 2 – Kavalek, Lubomir – 1-0 – Hug, Werner – G124 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nc3 e5 4. Nf3 Nbd7 5. g3 Be7 6. Bg2 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. e4 Qc7 9. b3 Re8 10. Bb2 Nf8

A55e —

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 d6 3.Nc3 e5 4.Nf3 Nbd7 5.e4 Be7 6.g3 c6 7.Bg2 O-O 8.O-O Qc7

Eval: [+0.86]

Les coups candidats

9.h3 — 66.0% (417 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Espig, Lutz (4x), Grob, Henry (3x), Gruenfeld, Ernst (2x), Vadasz, Laszlo (2x), Osnos, Viatcheslav (2x), Osbun, Erik (2x), Ricardi, Pablo (2x), Spraggett, Kevin (2x)

9.b3 — 16.5% (104 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Schoenmann, Wilhelm (2x), Rubinstein, Akiba (2x), Chajes, Oscar (2x), Najdorf, Miguel (2x), Manea, Alexandru (2x), Florescu, Codrut-Constantin (2x), Bergkvist, Anders (1x), Ekenberg, Bengt (1x)

9.Re1 — 5.2% (33 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Facchetti, Gianni (2x), Skalik, Przemyslaw (1x), Orzechowski, Jacek (1x), Fuchs, Heinz (1x), von Kiedrowski, Klemens (1x), Leontiev, Aleksandr V. (1x), Aleksikov (1x), Bison, Beniamino (1x)

9.Be3 — 3.0% (19 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Korchnoi, Viktor (2x), Shashin, Boris (2x), Slapikas, Vytautas (2x), Monostori, Lajos (1x), Vajda, Arpad (1x), Andersson, Ulf (1x), Goransson, Rolf (1x), Quinteros, Miguel A. (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	9.h3	9.b3	9.Re1	9.Be3
<1800	9	56%	11%	—	11%
1800-2200	247	64%	17%	7%	1%
2200-2600	257	70%	14%	5%	4%

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	9.h3	9.b3	9.Re1	9.Be3
1920s	4	50%	50%	—	—
1930s	3	33%	67%	—	—
1940s	7	57%	43%	—	—
1950s	15	80%	13%	—	7%
1960s	20	70%	10%	—	10%
1970s	17	71%	24%	—	6%
1980s	25	52%	4%	4%	12%
1990s	119	61%	24%	6%	2%
2000s	172	62%	20%	7%	2%
2010s	210	71%	12%	4%	3%
2020s	40	80%	—	10%	—

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
9.h3	71%	80%	▲ +9.0%
9.b3	12%	0%	▼ -12.4%
9.Re1	4%	10%	▲ +5.7%
9.Be3	3%	0%	▼ -2.9%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Euwe, Max — 1 partie
Botvinnik, Mikhail — 1 partie
Tal, Mikhail — 1 partie

Parties historiques

9.h3 — 66.0% (417 parties)

1925 — Rubinstein, Akiba vs Przepiorka, Dawid — 1-0 — Marienbad CZE
1925 — Gruenfeld, Ernst vs Kitaeff Mattison, Andres Constantin — 1-0 — Debrecen HUN
1936 — Botvinnik, Mikhail vs Tartakower, Savielly — 1-0 — Nottingham ENG
1947 — Euwe, Max vs Grob, Henry — 1-0 — Zurich SUI
1947 — Gligoric, Svetozar vs Bidev, Pavle — 1-0 — Ljubljana SLO

9.b3 — 16.5% (104 parties)

1923 — Rubinstein, Akiba vs Chajes, Oscar — 1/2-1/2 — Karlsbad Czech Repub
1923 — Rubinstein, Akiba vs Chajes, Oscar — 1/2-1/2 — Carlsbad CZE
1938 — Bergkvist, Anders vs Ekenberg, Bengt — 1/2-1/2 — Stockholm SWE
1938 — Eliskases, Erich vs Kieninger, Georg — 0-1 — Bad Harzburg
1946 — Maicherczyk, Georg vs Schoenmann, Wilhelm — 0-1 — Hamburg GER

9.Re1 — 5.2% (33 parties)

1988 — Skalik, Przemyslaw vs Orzechowski, Jacek — 1/2-1/2 — Bielsko Biala
1995 — Herdin, Hans-Ulrich vs Fischer, Emil — 0-1 — Bayern RLNW
1996 — Leontiev, Aleksandr V. vs Aleksikov — 1-0 — Moscow RUS
1997 — Fuchs, Heinz vs von Kiedrowski, Klemens — 1/2-1/2 — Baunatal GER
1998 — Vernersson, Per vs Nilsson, Bengt — 1-0 — Sweden

9.Be3 — 3.0% (19 parties)

1950 — Monostori, Lajos vs Vajda, Arpad — 1-0 — Budapest HUN
1965 — Korchnoi, Viktor vs Shashin, Boris — 1-0 — Yerevan URS
1965 — Korchnoi, Viktor vs Shashin, Boris — 1-0 — Erevan ARM
1975 — Quinteros, Miguel A. vs Grefe, John A — 1-0 — Cleveland, OH USA
1982 — Andersson, Ulf vs Goransson, Rolf — 1-0 — Simferopol UKR

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