A48 — London System

1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. Bf4 Bg7 4. c3 ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre semi-ouvert

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Avantages : case forte d4, case forte e5, case forte g5, Bf4 actif, paire de fous.
Faiblesses adverses : Bg7 enfermé, Bc8 enfermé, roi noir au centre.
Problèmes : roi au centre, Bf1 enfermé, 4 pièces non développées (B1, F1, A1, H1).
Plans :
● O-O — Mettre le roi en sécurité, connecter les tours
● e4 — Centre d4+e4, menace e5, libère Bf1
● Nc3 — Développer Nb1
● h3 — Empêcher ...Bg4

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Avantages : paire de fous.
Faiblesses adverses : Bf1 enfermé, roi blanc au centre.
Problèmes : roi au centre, Bg7 enfermé, Bc8 enfermé, 4 pièces non développées (B8, C8, A8, H8).
Plans :
● O-O — Mettre le roi en sécurité, connecter les tours [Masters 54%]
● ...d6 — Libérer Bc8 [Masters 32%]
● ...Nc6 — Développer Nb8
● ...Bg4 — Clouer Nf3
● ...b6 — Masters 11%

Avantages

Faiblesses adverses

Diagonale active

Plans

Base Masters : Blancs 27.0%, Nulles 41.5%, Noirs 31.5%.

A48i — London System

1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 g6 3.Bf4 Bg7 4.c3

Eval: [+0.12]

Les coups candidats

4…O-O — 49.6% (1367 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Kamsky, Gata (25x), Hoffman, Alejandro (12x), Bouhallel, Rabah (11x), Schlindwein, Rolf (9x), Burmakin, Vladimir (9x), Mrkonjic, Nenad (7x), Cori, Jorge (7x), Langeweg, Kick (6x)

4…d6 — 38.2% (1054 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Kamsky, Gata (9x), Milanowski, Jan (8x), Schwertel, Johann (8x), Herrmann, Andreas (8x), Mrkonjic, Nenad (7x), Ljubinkovic, Miodrag (7x), Stoppel, Franz (6x), Bouhallel, Rabah (6x)

4…b6 — 6.3% (175 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Cibulka, Vladimir (4x), Pribyl, Josef (3x), Dreev, Aleksey (3x), Gulko, Boris (3x), Popchev, Milko (3x), Burmakin, Vladimir (3x), Kamsky, Gata (3x), Reti, Richard (2x)

4…d5 — 4.2% (116 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Milanowski, Jan (2x), Lacy-Hulbert, Arthur Percival (1x), Shepherd, Ernest Edward (1x), Vadasz, Laszlo (1x), Hort, Vlastimil (1x), Lebel-Arias, Julia (1x), Canela Gimenez, Teresa (1x), Voiculescu, Paul (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	4…O-O	4…d6	4…b6	4…d5
<1800	101	47%	44%	2%	5%
1800-2200	1093	46%	42%	5%	5%
2200-2600	1022	54%	33%	9%	2%
2600+	81	60%	28%	10%	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	4…O-O	4…d6	4…b6	4…d5
1920s	5	20%	20%	60%	—
1930s	2	50%	—	—	50%
1940s	5	60%	40%	—	—
1950s	6	33%	67%	—	—
1960s	34	38%	44%	15%	3%
1970s	48	27%	46%	21%	2%
1980s	75	51%	32%	9%	7%
1990s	537	48%	38%	7%	6%
2000s	780	47%	41%	6%	4%
2010s	971	53%	37%	5%	3%
2020s	294	53%	35%	6%	3%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
4…O-O	53%	53%	▲ +0.7%
4…d6	37%	35%	▼ -2.4%
4…b6	5%	6%	▲ +1.2%
4…d5	3%	3%	+0.0%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Ding, Liren — 3 parties
Euwe, Max — 1 partie
Smyslov, Vladimir — 1 partie
Karpov, Aleksandr — 1 partie
Ju, Wenjun — 1 partie
Kramnik, Vladimir — 1 partie

Parties historiques

4…O-O — 49.6% (1367 parties)

1923 — Helling, Bernd vs Thoenes — 0-1 — Frankfurt GER
1939 — Rodriguez Hurtado, Jorge vs Kiprov, Alexander — 0-1 — Buenos Aires ARG
1944 — Cheney, R. vs Fine, Reuben — 0-1 — Washington, DC USA
1949 — Juehe, Heinrich vs Hecker, Erwin — 1-0 — Buende
1949 — Tipary, Lajos vs Kotov Lundqvist, Alex — 0-1 — Budapest HUN

4…d6 — 38.2% (1054 parties)

1925 — Moses, George Wyville vs Yates, Fred Dewhirst — 0-1 — Stratford-upon-Avon
1941 — Deutschmann , Max vs Neumann Feliu, Rodrigo — 1-0 — Danzig
1943 — Tipary, Lajos vs Barcza, Gedeon — 0-1 — Budapest HUN
1951 — Romih, Max vs Nestler, Vincenzo — 0-1 — Venice ch14-ITA
1952 — Tipary, Lajos vs Szilagyi, Gyorgy Laszlo — 0-1 — Debrecen HUN

4…b6 — 6.3% (175 parties)

1924 — Coria Fernandez, V vs Reti, Richard — 0-1 — Buenos Aires /07/
1924 — Fernandez Coria, Valentin vs Reti, Richard — 0-1 — Buenos Aires ARG
1928 — Weenink, Henri vs Euwe, Max — 1/2-1/2 — Amsterdam NED
1961 — Smyslov, Vasily vs Geller, Efim P. — 0-1 — Moscow USSR Team ch
1965 — Bronstein, David I vs Gunsberger, Alexander — 1/2-1/2 — Hamburg etc

4…d5 — 4.2% (116 parties)

1931 — Lacy-Hulbert, Arthur Percival vs Shepherd, Ernest Edward — 1-0 — Worcester
1967 — Vadasz, Laszlo vs Hort, Vlastimil — 1/2-1/2 — Havana CUB
1975 — Voiculescu, Paul vs Ott, Wolfgang — 1/2-1/2 — Sinaia
1980 — Laketic, Gojko vs Popov, Jovan — 1-0 — Virovitica
1987 — Lebel-Arias, Julia vs Canela Gimenez, Teresa — 1/2-1/2 — Tuzla

Coups candidats

auto

Analyse coup par coup — 7 demi-coups commentés

1.d4 Avancée centrale — contrôle c5, e5. Prépare c4, e4, Nc3.
1…Nf6 Contrôle e4, d5.
2.Nf3 Contrôle f4, c5, e5.
2…g6 Prépare le fianchetto du Fou (Bg7).
3.Bf4 Contrôle c5, e5.
3…Bg7 Contrôle e4, d5, f5.
4.c3 Contrôle b4, d4. Prépare d4.

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● b2→c3, c3→d4	● f7→g6, h7→g6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● d4 (3v0), ● e5 (3v0), ● g5 (2v0)	—
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d4 (3v0), ● e5 (3v0)	● d5 (1v0), ● e4 (1v0)

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bf1	● Bf1 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bf4	● Bf4 Actif (mob. 9)
Bg7		● Bg7 Enfermé (mob. 2)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	4 (b1, f1, a1, h1)	4 (b8, c8, a8, h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre !	● Au centre !
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	semi-ouvert
Ruptures	● c3-c4, ● d4-d5, ● e2-e3	● …c7-c6, ● …c7-c5, ● …d7-d6, ● …d7-d5, ● …e7-e6, ● …e7-e5

Partie
11. Tal Mem Rapid 2018 – Round 2.1 – Kramnik, Vladimir – 0-1 – Grischuk, Alexander – G6 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. d4 g6 3. Bf4 Bg7 4. c3 O-O 5. e3 d6 6. h3 c5 7. dxc5 dxc5 8. Qxd8 Rxd8 9. Bc7 Rd7 10. Bh2 Rd8
1924 Buenos Aires – Round 7 – Fernandez Coria, Valentin – 0-1 – Reti, Richard – G21 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. Bf4 Bg7 4. c3 b6 5. Nbd2 Bb7 6. Qc2 c5 7. e3 O-O 8. Bd3 Nc6 9. dxc5 bxc5 10. Ne4 Nxe4
1925 BCF Ch 18th – Round 2 – Moses, George Wyville – 0-1 – Yates, Fred Dewhirst – G9 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. Bf4 Bg7 4. c3 d6 5. h3 Nc6 6. Nbd2 O-O 7. e4 Nd7 8. Qc2 e5 9. dxe5 Ndxe5 10. Be2 Qe8
1949 Budapest-Moscow – Round 12 – Tipary, Lajos – 0-1 – Kotov Lundqvist, Alex – G90 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. c3 Bg7 4. Bf4 O-O 5. h3 b6 6. Nbd2 Bb7 7. e3 d6 8. Qc2 Nbd7 9. Rd1 c5 10. Be2 Rc8
1957 USA Ch Open 58th – Round 2 – Grombacher, Walter – 0-1 – Berliner, Hans – G11 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. c3 Bg7 4. Bf4 O-O 5. e3 d6 6. Be2 Nbd7 7. Nbd2 Re8 8. O-O e5 9. dxe5 dxe5 10. Bg5 Nc5
1959 URS Team Ch – Round 1 – Keres, Paul Petrovich – 1/2-1/2 – Boleslavsky, Isaac – G40 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. Bf4 Bg7 4. c3 O-O 5. Nbd2 d6 6. e4 Nc6 7. Bb5 e5 8. dxe5 dxe5 9. Be3 Qd6 10. b4 b6
1961 Baku ch-URS – Round 17 – Bronstein, David I – 1-0 – Kots, Yuri I – G158 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. c3 Bg7 4. Bf4 O-O 5. Nbd2 Nh5 6. Be5 f6 7. g4 fxe5 8. gxh5 exd4 9. cxd4 gxh5 10. e3 d5
1961 Maroczy Memorial – Round 1 – Bronstein, Daniel E – 1/2-1/2 – Kortchnoi, V. – G26 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. c3 Bg7 4. Bf4 d6 5. h3 O-O 6. Nbd2 c5 7. dxc5 dxc5 8. e4 b6 9. Bc4 Nc6 10. O-O Na5
1962 Poznan ch POL – Round 1 – Gawlikowski, Stanislaw – 1/2-1/2 – Schmidt, Wlodzimierz – G3 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. Bf4 Bg7 4. c3 O-O 5. Nbd2 d6 6. h3 Nbd7 7. e3 c5 8. Be2 a6 9. O-O b5 10. a4 Rb8
1962 Stockholm Interzonal – Round 9 – Bisguier, Arthur B – 0-1 – Gligorić, Svetozar – G80 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. c3 Bg7 4. Bf4 d6 5. h3 O-O 6. e3 Nc6 7. Bb5 a6 8. Ba4 b5 9. Bb3 Na5 10. Bc2 Nc4
1963 URS Ch sf – Round ? – Novopashin, Arkady – 1/2-1/2 – Simagin, Vladimir – G6 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. c3 Bg7 4. Bf4 d6 5. e3 O-O 6. h3 b6 7. Nbd2 Bb7 8. Bc4 c5 9. O-O Nbd7 10. Re1 a6
1964 Kiev ch-URS – Round 1 – Bronstein, David I – 1-0 – Borisenko, Georgy K – G55 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. c3 Bg7 4. Bf4 O-O 5. Nbd2 d6 6. e4 Nc6 7. Bc4 Bg4 8. Qc2 d5 9. Be2 Nxe4 10. Nxe4 Bf5
1964 Warsaw ch-POL – Round 1 – Lopez Sliwinski, Alvaro – 1/2-1/2 – Balcerowski, Witold – G7 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. c3 Bg7 4. Bf4 d6 5. h3 Nbd7 6. e3 O-O 7. Nbd2 Re8 8. Be2 e5 9. dxe5 dxe5 10. Bh2 e4
1965 Buenos Aires – Round 1 – Bolbochan, J. – 1/2-1/2 – Cafure, Emilio – G14 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. c3 Bg7 4. Bf4 d6 5. e3 O-O 6. Be2 Nbd7 7. O-O Qe8 8. h3 e5 9. dxe5 dxe5 10. Bh2 Qe7
1965 Hamburg etc – Round 2 – Bronstein, David I – 1/2-1/2 – Gunsberger, Alexander – G64 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. c3 Bg7 4. Bf4 b6 5. Nbd2 c5 6. e3 O-O 7. a4 d6 8. a5 Ba6 9. Bxa6 Nxa6 10. Qe2 Nc7
1966 Asztalos Memorial 9th – Round 5 – Bronstein, David I – 1-0 – Navarovszky, Laszlo – G25 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. c3 Bg7 4. Bf4 O-O 5. Nbd2 d5 6. e3 b6 7. a4 a5 8. Bb5 Bb7 9. O-O Ne8 10. b4 Nd6
1966 FRA Ch 41st – Round 9 – Ferry, Roger – 1/2-1/2 – Sanner, Michel – G16 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. c3 Bg7 4. Bf4 b6 5. Nbd2 Bb7 6. Qc2 O-O 7. e4 d6 8. Bd3 Nbd7 9. O-O Nh5 10. Bg5 f6
1967 Havana Armies Ch 4th – Round 11 – Vadasz, Laszlo – 1/2-1/2 – Hort, Vlastimil – G67 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. c3 Bg7 4. Bf4 d5 5. e3 c6 6. Bd3 Bf5 7. Bxf5 gxf5 8. Nbd2 Nbd7 9. Ne5 Nf8 10. Qc2 e6
1967 Krems – Round ? – Bronstein, David I – 0-1 – Lambert, Hans – G16 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. Bf4 Bg7 4. c3 O-O 5. e3 b6 6. Be2 Bb7 7. O-O d6 8. a4 a5 9. Na3 Nbd7 10. Nc4 e6
1967 Szeczin – Round 10 – Schmidt, Wlodzimierz – 1-0 – Witkowski, Stefan – G8 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. c3 Bg7 4. Bf4 O-O 5. Nbd2 d5 6. e3 b6 7. Bd3 Bb7 8. O-O Nbd7 9. a4 Nh5 10. Bg5 h6
1967 Zinnowitz – Round 1 – Spiridonov, Nikola – 1/2-1/2 – Malich, Burkhard, Dr. – G21 1. Nf3 g6 2. d4 Nf6 3. c3 Bg7 4. Bf4 O-O 5. e3 d5 6. Bd3 Nc6 7. Ne5 Nxe5 8. Bxe5 c6 9. Nd2 Be6 10. O-O Qd7
1968 CSR Ch – Round 13 – Plachetka, Jan – 0-1 – Kavalek, Lubomir – G116 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. c3 Bg7 4. Bf4 d6 5. h3 O-O 6. e3 Nbd7 7. Nbd2 Qe8 8. Bh2 e5 9. dxe5 Nxe5 10. Nxe5 dxe5
1968 Hungary – Round 1 – Vadasz, Laszlo – 1/2-1/2 – Bilek, Istvan – G14 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. c3 Bg7 4. Bf4 d6 5. h3 O-O 6. e3 Nbd7 7. Be2 a6 8. O-O Qe8 9. Bh2 e5 10. c4 Ne4
1968 POL Ch 25th – Round 2 – Sliwinski, Henryk – 0-1 – Bednarski, Jacek B – G7 1. d4 g6 2. Nf3 Bg7 3. c3 Nf6 4. Bf4 O-O 5. e3 b6 6. h3 c5 7. Be2 d6 8. O-O Bb7 9. a4 a6 10. Nbd2 Nc6
1968 Rubinstein Memorial – Round 6 – Doda, Zbigniew – 1/2-1/2 – Kavalek, Lubomir – G36 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. c3 Bg7 4. Bf4 d6 5. h3 O-O 6. e3 Nbd7 7. Be2 Re8 8. O-O e5 9. Bh2 Qe7 10. a4 h5
1990 Linares 8th – Round 9 – Portisch, Lajos – 0-1 – Gulko, Boris – G53 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. Bf4 Bg7 4. c3 b6 5. e3 Bb7 6. h3 O-O 7. Be2 d6 8. O-O c5 9. Nbd2 Nbd7 10. Bh2 Qc7
20. European Teams 2015 – Round 8.3 – Berkes, Ferenc – 1-0 – Safarli, Elmir – G345 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. Bf4 Bg7 4. c3 O-O 5. Nbd2 d6 6. e4 c5 7. dxc5 dxc5 8. h3 Nc6 9. Bb5 Bd7 10. O-O Ne5
41. Olympiad Open 2014 – Round 11.18 – Cori, Jorge – 1-0 – Vocaturo, Daniele – G769 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. Bf4 Bg7 4. c3 O-O 5. e3 d6 6. h3 b6 7. Be2 Bb7 8. O-O Nbd7 9. Bh2 Re8 10. a4 a5
43. Olympiad 2018 – Round 1.34 – Yarmonov, Igor – 1/2-1/2 – Radjabov, Teimour – G45 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. Bf4 Bg7 4. c3 d6 5. h3 O-O 6. Nbd2 Nfd7 7. e4 e5 8. dxe5 Nxe5 9. Nxe5 dxe5 10. Be3 Nd7
Makedonia Palace GP 2013 – Round 3.3 – Kamsky, Gata – 1/2-1/2 – Grischuk, Alexander – G14 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. Bf4 Bg7 4. c3 d6 5. h3 O-O 6. Nbd2 c5 7. dxc5 dxc5 8. e4 Nc6 9. Be2 Nh5 10. Bh2 b6
Saint Louis Rapid and Blitz 2025 – Round 19 – Abdusattorov Nodirbek – 1-0 – Vachier-Lagrave Maxime – G91 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. Bf4 Bg7 4. c3 O-O 5. Nbd2 d6 6. e4 Nbd7 7. Be2 Qe8 8. h3 e5 9. dxe5 dxe5 10. Be3 b6
Saint Louis Rapid and Blitz 2025 – Round 24 – Abdusattorov Nodirbek – 1/2-1/2 – Sam Shankland – G119 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. Bf4 Bg7 4. c3 d6 5. Nbd2 O-O 6. e4 Nc6 7. Be2 Nd7 8. d5 Ncb8 9. O-O e5 10. dxe6 fxe6
Sharjah Grand Prix 2017 – Round 3.9 – Tomashevsky, Evgeny – 1/2-1/2 – Salem, A.R. Saleh – G27 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. Bf4 Bg7 4. c3 O-O 5. e3 d6 6. h3 Nc6 7. Be2 Nd7 8. O-O e5 9. Bh2 f5 10. a4 Qe7
USA Ch 2016 – Round 11.6 – Kamsky, Gata – 1/2-1/2 – Shankland, Sam – G65 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. Bf4 Bg7 4. c3 d6 5. h3 O-O 6. e3 Nbd7 7. Be2 b6 8. a4 a5 9. O-O Bb7 10. Na3 Ne4
World Blitz 2018 – Round 3.45 – Kamsky, Gata – 1/2-1/2 – Mikhalevski, Victor – G177 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. c3 Bg7 4. Bf4 O-O 5. Nbd2 d6 6. h3 Nbd7 7. e3 Qe8 8. Bh2 e5 9. Nc4 e4 10. Nfd2 Qe7
World Blitz 2019 – Round 11.34 – Jakovenko, Dmitry – 1-0 – Golubov, Saveliy – G745 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. Bf4 Bg7 4. c3 O-O 5. Nbd2 d6 6. h3 Nc6 7. e4 Nd7 8. Be2 e5 9. dxe5 Ndxe5 10. O-O Re8
World Blitz 2019 – Round 9.23 – Kamsky, Gata – 1/2-1/2 – Safarli, Elmir – G606 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. Bf4 Bg7 4. c3 O-O 5. Nbd2 d6 6. e4 c5 7. dxc5 dxc5 8. h3 Nc6 9. Be2 b6 10. O-O Nh5
World Rapid 2019 – Round 1.59 – Demchenko, Aleksandr – 1/2-1/2 – Xu, Xiangyu – G46 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. Bf4 Bg7 4. c3 d6 5. Nbd2 O-O 6. e4 Qe8 7. Qc2 e5 8. dxe5 Nh5 9. Be3 Bxe5 10. Nxe5 Qxe5
World Rapid 2019 – Round 5.53 – Demchenko, Aleksandr – 1/2-1/2 – Vishnu Prasanna, V – G337 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. Bf4 Bg7 4. c3 O-O 5. Nbd2 d6 6. e4 Nc6 7. Qc2 b6 8. Be2 Bb7 9. Rd1 Nh5 10. Be3 e5
World Rapid 2019 – Round 8.29 – Kamsky, Gata – 1/2-1/2 – Moiseenko, Vadim – G513 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. Bf4 Bg7 4. c3 d6 5. h3 O-O 6. e3 Nc6 7. Bh2 Nd7 8. Be2 e5 9. Na3 Qe7 10. Nc4 Nb6

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