A28h — English: Four Knights, 4.e3 Bb4

1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.e3 Bb4 * ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Centre semi-ouvert

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Atouts. Les Blancs s'appuient sur les cases fortes b5 et d5 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Le fou enfermé en c8 et le roi resté au centre.

En contrepartie. Le roi n'est pas encore à l'abri et plusieurs pièces dorment encore (les fous c1 et f1 et les tours a1 et h1).

Plans. O-O (Mettre le roi en sécurité, connecter les tours) ; d3 (Libérer Bc1) ; Bd3 (Développer Bf1) ; h3 (Empêcher ...Bg4).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Atouts. Les Noirs s'appuient sur un fou actif en b4 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Les fous enfermés en c1 et f1 et le roi resté au centre.

En contrepartie. Le roi n'est pas encore à l'abri et plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le fou c8 et les tours a8 et h8).

Plans. O-O (Mettre le roi en sécurité, connecter les tours) ; ...d6 (Libérer Bc8) ; ...Bg4 (Clouer Nf3) ; ...d5 (Rupture) ; ...e4 (Rupture).

Avantages

Faiblesses adverses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● d2→e3, f2→e3	—
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● b5 (2v0), ● d5 (2v1)	—
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d5 (2v1)	—

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bf1	● Bf1 Non développé (mob. 2)
Bb4		● Bb4 Actif (mob. 7)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	4 (c1, f1, a1, h1)	3 (c8, a8, h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre !	● Au centre !
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	semi-ouvert
Ruptures	● c4-c5, ● d2-d3, ● e3-e4	● …d7-d6, ● …d7-d5, ● …e5-e4

Partie
1906 DSB-15.Kongress – Round 16 – Swiderski, Radoslaw – 1/2-1/2 – Marshall Viele, Fabrizio Aaron – G93 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. e3 Bb4 5. Nd5 e4 6. Nxb4 Nxb4 7. Nd4 O-O 8. a3 Na6 9. Be2 d5 10. d3 exd3
1925 DSB-24.Kongress – Round 2 – Nimzowitsch, Aron – 0-1 – Reti, Richard – G2 1. e3 e5 2. c4 Nf6 3. Nc3 Nc6 4. Nf3 Bb4 5. Be2 O-O 6. O-O Re8 7. a3 Bxc3 8. bxc3 d6 9. Ne1 Ne7 10. d3 c6
1933 Budapest – Round 1 – Eliskases – 0-1 – Steiner, Laszlo – G1 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 e5 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. e3 Bb4 5. Nd5 e4 6. Nxb4 Nxb4 7. Nd4 O-O 8. Be2 d5 9. a3 Nd3+ 10. Bxd3 exd3
1936 Budapest-B – Round 1 – Blum, Martin – 0-1 – Szily, Jozsef – G1 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. e3 Nf6 4. Nf3 Bb4 5. d3 Bxc3+ 6. bxc3 e4 7. Nd4 Ne7 8. Ba3 b6 9. dxe4 c5 10. e5 Ne4
1937 Brno – Round 1 – Ehrlich, L. – 0-1 – Florian, Jaromir – G1 1. c4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. e3 Bb4 5. d4 exd4 6. exd4 O-O 7. d5 Qe7+ 8. Be2 Ne5 9. O-O d6 10. Bg5 h6
1937 Parnu – Round 5 – Flohr, Salo – 1-0 – Villard, Feliks – G13 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. e3 Bb4 5. Nd5 e4 6. Ng1 O-O 7. Nxb4 Nxb4 8. a3 Nc6 9. d4 exd3 10. Bxd3 Ne5
1942 Chocen NT – Round ? – Katetov, Miroslav – 1-0 – Hromadka, Karel – G2 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. e3 Bb4 5. Nd5 e4 6. Nxb4 Nxb4 7. Nd4 O-O 8. a3 Nc6 9. Nxc6 dxc6 10. b3 Bg4
1945 Moskou ch-URS – Round 1 – Rudakovsky, Iosif – 1-0 – Lilienthal, Andor – G8 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 e5 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. e3 Bb4 5. d4 exd4 6. Nxd4 O-O 7. Be2 Ne4 8. Qc2 Re8 9. Nxc6 dxc6 10. O-O Nxc3
1947 Chigorin Memorial – Round ? – Botvinnik, Mikhail – 0-1 – Pachman, Ludek – G77 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 e5 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. e3 Bb4 5. d4 exd4 6. exd4 d5 7. Bg5 Bg4 8. a3 Be7 9. Be3 O-O 10. h3 Bxf3
1959 HUN Ch 15th – Round 15 – Koberl, Ferenc – 1/2-1/2 – Lengyel, Levente – G53 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. e3 Bb4 4. Nf3 Nc6 5. Nd5 e4 6. Nxb4 Nxb4 7. Nd4 O-O 8. a3 Na6 9. b4 c5 10. Nc2 d5
1959 Kragujevac ch14-YUG – Round 1 – Matulovic, Milan – 1-0 – Ivkovic, Danijal – G8 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. e3 Bb4 5. d4 exd4 6. exd4 Ne4 7. Qc2 d5 8. Bd3 Nxc3 9. bxc3 dxc4 10. Bxc4 Be7
1959 Marianske Lazne – Round 12 – Herink, Miroslav – 1/2-1/2 – Acosta Fabian, Janna Paloma – G81 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 e5 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. e3 Bb4 5. Be2 e4 6. Nd4 Nxd4 7. exd4 O-O 8. O-O c6 9. d3 exd3 10. Bxd3 d5
1960 Leningrad ch-URS – Round 18 – Nei, Iivo – 1/2-1/2 – Smyslov, Vladimir – G165 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 e5 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. e3 Bb4 5. Nd5 e4 6. Nxb4 Nxb4 7. Nd4 c5 8. Nc2 Nd3+ 9. Bxd3 exd3 10. Na3 d5
1961 FRG Ch – Round 13 – Kestler, Hans-Guenther – 1/2-1/2 – Unzicker, Wolfgang – G14 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. e3 Bb4 5. d4 exd4 6. Nxd4 O-O 7. Be2 d5 8. Nxc6 bxc6 9. O-O Be6 10. Qa4 Qd6
1963 Leningrad ch-URS – Round 1 – Taimanov, Mark E – 1/2-1/2 – Zakharov, Alexander V – G8 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. e3 Nc6 4. Nf3 Bb4 5. Nd5 e4 6. Nxb4 exf3 7. Nd5 fxg2 8. Bxg2 Ne5 9. Qe2 d6 10. d4 Ng6
1964 It Detmold GER – Round 3 – Speer, Albrecht – 1-0 – Bachmann, Karlheinz – G7 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. e3 Bb4 5. Qb3 Bxc3 6. Qxc3 d6 7. Be2 Bg4 8. h3 Bh5 9. d3 O-O 10. g4 Bg6
1965 Hoogovens – Round 11 – Pachman, Ludek – 0-1 – Lehmann, Heinz – G80 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. e3 Bb4 5. Nd5 e4 6. Nxb4 Nxb4 7. Nd4 c5 8. Nc2 Nd3+ 9. Bxd3 exd3 10. Na3 d5
1965 Noordwijk – Round 2 – Bobotsov, Milko G – 1/2-1/2 – Flohr, Salo – G8 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. e3 Bb4 5. d4 exd4 6. exd4 d5 7. Bg5 Be6 8. c5 h6 9. Bxf6 Qxf6 10. a3 Bxc3+
1966 Hoogovens – Round 10 – Bobotsov, Milko G – 0-1 – Szabo, Ladislav – G45 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. e3 Bb4 5. Be2 O-O 6. O-O e4 7. Nd4 d5 8. Nxd5 Nxd5 9. Nxc6 bxc6 10. cxd5 cxd5
1967 Moscow – Round 1 – Kulcinsky, N. – 0-1 – Lilienthal, Andor – G5 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. e3 Bb4 5. Nd5 e4 6. Nxb4 Nxb4 7. Nd4 c5 8. Nb5 d5 9. cxd5 a6 10. Nc3 Bg4
1967 POL Team Ch 20th – Round 10 – Brzozka, Stefan – 1/2-1/2 – Judycki, Wieslaw – G66 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. e3 Bb4 5. Nd5 e4 6. Nxb4 Nxb4 7. a3 exf3 8. axb4 fxg2 9. Bxg2 O-O 10. d3 d5
1968 Hungary – Round 1 – Barcza, Gedeon – 1/2-1/2 – Haag, Ervin – G11 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. e3 Bb4 5. Qb3 a5 6. a3 Bxc3 7. Qxc3 Qe7 8. d3 O-O 9. Be2 d6 10. O-O Bg4
1968 Palma de Mallorca – Round 2 – Korchnoi, Viktor – 1-0 – Lehmann, Heinz – G21 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. e3 Nf6 4. Nf3 Bb4 5. Qb3 a5 6. Be2 O-O 7. O-O Re8 8. d3 d6 9. Qc2 Bg4 10. b3 d5
1969 Amsterdam AMRO Open – Round ? – Van Scheltinga, Theo – 1-0 – Wolthuis, Willem – G2 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. e3 Bb4 5. Nd5 e4 6. Nxb4 Nxb4 7. Nd4 c5 8. Nb5 d6 9. d4 Bg4 10. Qb3 O-O
1969 Olot – Round 7 – Ulvestad, Olaf – 0-1 – O'Kelly, Albéric de Galway – G24 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. e3 Bb4 5. a3 Bxc3 6. dxc3 d6 7. h3 e4 8. Nh2 h5 9. b4 Qe7 10. a4 Ne5
40. Olympiad Open 2012 – Round 6.8 – Short, Nigel D – 1-0 – Brunello, Sabino – G389 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. e3 Bb4 5. Qb3 e4 6. Nd4 Nxd4 7. exd4 Bxc3 8. dxc3 d6 9. Be2 h6 10. h3 b6
7. Norway Blitz 2019 – Round 2.1 – Carlsen, Magnus – 1/2-1/2 – Ding, Liren – G6 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. e3 Bb4 5. Nd5 e4 6. Ng1 O-O 7. a3 Bd6 8. Nxf6+ Qxf6 9. f4 exf3 10. Nxf3 Ne5
Biel Interzonal 1993 – Round 6 – Xu, Jun(SD) – 0-1 – Nikolic, Predrag – G128 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. e3 Bb4 5. d3 e4 6. dxe4 Nxe4 7. Qc2 Bxc3+ 8. bxc3 Qe7 9. Be2 d6 10. Nd4 O-O
Interpolis 1982 – Round 1 – Petrosian, Tigran V. – 1/2-1/2 – Huebner, Robert – G4 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. e3 Bb4 5. Nd5 e4 6. Ng1 O-O 7. a3 Bd6 8. d3 exd3 9. Bxd3 b6 10. Nf3 Re8
Interpolis 1983 – Round 1 – Seirawan, Yasser – 0-1 – Sosonko, Gennadi – G4 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. e3 Bb4 5. Nd5 e4 6. Ng1 O-O 7. Ne2 Nxd5 8. cxd5 Ne5 9. Ng3 f5 10. a3 Bd6
Interpolis 1990 – Round 8 – Seirawan, Yasser – 1/2-1/2 – Ivanchuk, Vasyl – G23 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. e3 Bb4 5. Nd5 Bd6 6. d4 exd4 7. Nxd4 Nxd5 8. cxd5 Nxd4 9. Qxd4 O-O 10. Bd2 Re8
Linares 1992 – Round 2 – Salov, Valery – 0-1 – Gelfand, Boris – G6 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 e5 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. e3 Bb4 5. Nd5 e4 6. Ng1 O-O 7. Qc2 Re8 8. Ne2 Bd6 9. a3 b5 10. Nxf6+ Qxf6
Niksic 1983 – Round 1 – Petrosian, Tigran V. – 1/2-1/2 – Timman, Jan H – G2 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. e3 Bb4 5. Nd5 e4 6. Ng1 O-O 7. a3 Bd6 8. d3 exd3 9. Bxd3 Ne5 10. Be2 c6
World Blitz 2019 – Round 11.9 – Petrosyan, Manuel – 1/2-1/2 – Giri, Anish – G787 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. e3 Bb4 5. Nd5 e4 6. Ng1 O-O 7. a3 Bd6 8. d3 exd3 9. Nf3 Ne5 10. Nxe5 Bxe5
World Blitz 2019 – Round 2.42 – Rakhmanov, Aleksandr – 1/2-1/2 – Le, Quang Liem – G114 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 e5 3. e3 Nc6 4. Nf3 Bb4 5. Nd5 Bd6 6. Qc2 Nxd5 7. cxd5 Ne7 8. Bc4 b5 9. Bxb5 Nxd5 10. O-O O-O
World Blitz 2019 – Round 8.23 – Rakhmanov, Aleksandr – 1/2-1/2 – Wojtaszek, Radoslaw – G534 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 e5 3. e3 Nc6 4. Nf3 Bb4 5. Nd5 e4 6. Ng1 O-O 7. Qc2 Re8 8. Ne2 Bf8 9. a3 Nxd5 10. cxd5 Ne7
World Blitz 2022 – Round 12.4 – Duda, Jacob – 0-1 – Giri, Anish – G641 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 e5 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. e3 Bb4 5. Nd5 e4 6. Ng1 O-O 7. Nxb4 Nxb4 8. a3 Nc6 9. b4 a5 10. b5 Ne5
Yerevan ol (Men) 1996 – Round 13 – Oll, Lembit – 1/2-1/2 – Mohr, Georg – G186 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. e3 Bb4 5. Nd5 Be7 6. Nxe7 Qxe7 7. d3 e4 8. dxe4 Nxe4 9. Be2 O-O 10. O-O d6

A28h — Four Knights

1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.e3 Bb4

Eval: [+0.00]

Les coups candidats

5.Qc2 — 84.5% (5325 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Lanzani, Paolo (35x), Ellis, James R (32x), Jørgensen, Brian Jørgen (29x), Lunek, Ferry A (27x), Suba, Mihai (25x), Tsenkov, Ljubomir (24x), Hassim, Unes (24x), Esin, Maxim (23x)

5.Nd5 — 8.5% (538 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Flores, Diego (8x), McNab, Colin A (7x), Sunye Neto, Jaime (7x), Linqvist, Grels (6x), Huebner, Robert (5x), Miles, Anthony J (5x), Andreasen, Per Naesby (5x), Hochgraefe, Markus, Dr. (4x)

5.d4 — 2.8% (176 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Hatsek, Werner (6x), Sitorus, Yosua (6x), Willmann, Bernd (4x), David-Bordier, Christophe (4x), Reede, Arvo (4x), Astroukh, Vitalij (4x), Stancl, Vladimir (4x), Luzar, Bohumír (4x)

5.Qb3 — 1.5% (94 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Banas, Jan (30x), Mihalik, Marek (3x), Brockbank, Henry W (3x), Short, Nigel D (3x), Korchnoi, Viktor (2x), Hartereau, Philippe (2x), Bosboom, Manuel (2x), Polak, Tomas (2x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	5.Qc2	5.Nd5	5.d4	5.Qb3
<1800	126	71%	6%	11%	—
1800-2200	1569	83%	7%	5%	1%
2200-2600	3351	89%	8%	1%	1%
2600+	273	88%	11%	—	1%

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	5.Qc2	5.Nd5	5.d4	5.Qb3
1880s	2	50%	—	50%	—
1900s	1	—	100%	—	—
1920s	1	—	—	—	—
1930s	11	18%	45%	9%	—
1940s	5	—	40%	40%	—
1950s	11	55%	27%	9%	—
1960s	38	45%	26%	5%	11%
1970s	270	89%	8%	1%	0%
1980s	437	79%	16%	0%	3%
1990s	700	71%	19%	2%	3%
2000s	1045	81%	10%	2%	2%
2010s	2601	88%	5%	4%	1%
2020s	1179	92%	5%	2%	1%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
5.Qc2	88%	92%	▲ +4.0%
5.Nd5	5%	5%	▼ -0.5%
5.d4	4%	2%	▼ -2.3%
5.Qb3	1%	1%	-0.5%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Smyslov, Vladimir — 10 parties
Ding, Liren — 8 parties
Kasparov, Garry — 4 parties
Karpov, Anatoly — 4 parties
Carlsen, Magnus — 4 parties
Karpov, Aleksandr — 3 parties
Anand, Viswanathan — 2 parties
Euwe, Max — 1 partie
Botvinnik, Mikhail — 1 partie
Tal, Mikhail — 1 partie
Hou, Yifan — 1 partie
Ju, Wenjun — 1 partie

Parties historiques

5.Qc2 — 84.5% (5325 parties)

1883 — McKenzie, George vs Rosenthal, Samuel — 1/2-1/2 — London ENG
1935 — Pirc, Vasja vs Lilienthal, Andor — 0-1 — Warsaw POL
1936 — Flohr, Salo vs Fine, Reuben — 1/2-1/2 — Nottingham ENG
1951 — Heinicke, Herbert vs Bogoljubow, Efim — 0-1 — Augsburg GER
1952 — Filip, Miroslav vs Potucek, Ludovit — 1-0 — Tatranska Lomnica

5.Nd5 — 8.5% (538 parties)

1906 — Swiderski, Radoslaw vs Marshall Viele, Fabrizio Aaron — 1/2-1/2 — Nuerenberg GER
1930 — Acevedo Villegas, Abel Alfredo vs Masi Elizalde — 1-0 — Buenos Aires ARG
1932 — Mueller, Hans vs Rethy, Pal — 1-0 — Budapest Budapest HUN
1933 — Eliskases vs Steiner, Laszlo — 0-1 — Budapest HUN
1937 — Ehrlich, L. vs Barta, Jan — 0-1 — Brno CZE

5.d4 — 2.8% (176 parties)

1880 — Zukertort, Johannes vs Rosenthal, Samuel — 1-0 — London ENG
1937 — Ehrlich, L. vs Florian, Jaromir — 0-1 — Brno CZE
1945 — Rudakovsky, Iosif vs Lilienthal, Andor — 1-0 — Moskou ch-URS
1947 — Botvinnik, Mikhail vs Pachman, Ludek — 0-1 — Moscow RUS
1959 — Matulovic, Milan vs Ivkovic, Danijal — 1-0 — Kragujevac ch14-YUG

5.Qb3 — 1.5% (94 parties)

1964 — Speer, Albrecht vs Bachmann, Karlheinz — 1-0 — It Detmold GER
1968 — Korchnoi, Viktor vs Lehmann, Karl-Heinz — 1-0 — Palma de Majorca ESP
1968 — Korchnoi, Viktor vs Lehmann, Heinz — 1-0 — Palma de Majorca ESP
1968 — Barcza, Gedeon vs Haag, Ervin — 1/2-1/2 — HUN
1975 — Acosta Rodriguez, Ramon David vs Enklaar, Bert — 0-1 — Amsterdam NED

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