A16q — English: Anglo-Indian, 2.Nc3 g6 3.g3

1.c4 Nf6 2.Nc3 g6 3.g3 Bg7 4.Bg2 * ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre semi-ouvert

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Avantages : case forte e4, case forte b5, case forte d5, Bg2 actif, paire de fous.
Faiblesses adverses : Bg7 enfermé, Bc8 enfermé, roi noir au centre.
Problèmes : roi au centre, Bc1 enfermé, 4 pièces non développées (G1, C1, A1, H1).
Plans :
● O-O — Mettre le roi en sécurité, connecter les tours
● Nf3 — Développer Ng1
● d3 — Libérer Bc1

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Avantages : paire de fous.
Faiblesses adverses : Bc1 enfermé, roi blanc au centre.
Problèmes : roi au centre, Bg7 enfermé, Bc8 enfermé, 4 pièces non développées (B8, C8, A8, H8).
Plans :
● O-O — Mettre le roi en sécurité, connecter les tours
● ...d6 — Libérer Bc8
● ...Nc6 — Développer Nb8
● ...c5 — Rupture
● ...d5 — Rupture

Avantages

Faiblesses adverses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

A16q — Anglo-Indian

1.c4 Nf6 2.Nc3 g6 3.g3 Bg7 4.Bg2

Eval: [+0.32]

Les coups candidats

4…O-O — 76.0% (27438 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Miezis, Normunds (64x), Hebden, Mark L (60x), Weyerstrass, Ronald (55x), Linqvist, Grels (41x), Cekro, Ekrem (36x), Bilek, Istvan (33x), Jacobsen, Bo (32x), Czech, Ludwig (32x)

4…d6 — 13.3% (4809 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Miezis, Normunds (13x), Weyerstrass, Ronald (11x), Werner, Bernd-Michael (10x), Czech, Ludwig (9x), Bukal, Vladimir Jr. (8x), Scherer, Max (8x), Milde, Lars (8x), Barcza, Gedeon (7x)

4…c5 — 4.3% (1555 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Tocklin, Tomi (9x), Weyerstrass, Ronald (7x), Tiefenbach, Wilfried (4x), Zheliandinov, Viktor (3x), Manca, Federico (3x), Papp, Nandor (3x), Werthebach, Felix (3x), Kushagra Mohan (3x)

4…c6 — 4.0% (1434 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Skreno, Vladimir (13x), Vincent, Trevor (5x), De Groot, Steven (4x), Hukel, Juraj (3x), Kudoke, Willy (3x), Kahn, Evarth Dr. (3x), Barker, Peter (3x), Rubel, Julian (3x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	4…O-O	4…d6	4…c5	4…c6
<1800	1346	66%	17%	5%	8%
1800-2200	14649	72%	16%	5%	5%
2200-2600	11795	85%	9%	3%	1%
2600+	231	87%	6%	3%	2%

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	4…O-O	4…d6	4…c5	4…c6
1880s	1	100%	—	—	—
1920s	8	62%	12%	25%	—
1930s	12	58%	8%	17%	8%
1940s	34	68%	12%	9%	3%
1950s	480	84%	9%	5%	1%
1960s	758	81%	9%	5%	3%
1970s	1019	83%	8%	4%	3%
1980s	1696	81%	11%	3%	3%
1990s	6905	77%	13%	4%	4%
2000s	9585	73%	15%	5%	5%
2010s	13002	76%	13%	5%	4%
2020s	2593	79%	12%	4%	3%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
4…O-O	76%	79%	▲ +2.9%
4…d6	13%	12%	▼ -1.0%
4…c5	5%	4%	▼ -0.5%
4…c6	4%	3%	▼ -1.0%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Botvinnik, Mikhail — 10 parties
Smyslov, Vladimir — 10 parties
Tal, Mikhail — 10 parties
Carlsen, Magnus — 7 parties
Ju, Wenjun — 7 parties
Kasparov, Garry — 6 parties
Karpov, Anatoly — 6 parties
Kramnik, Vladimir — 6 parties
Euwe, Max — 5 parties
Karpov, Aleksandr — 3 parties
Ding, Liren — 3 parties
Gukesh D — 3 parties
Anand, Viswanathan — 2 parties
Alekhine, Alexander — 1 partie

Parties historiques

4…O-O — 76.0% (27438 parties)

1889 — Scoones Daniel vs Booker, Brad — 1-0 — Comox
1923 — Kersten, Alexander vs Euwe, Max — 1/2-1/2 — Amsterdam NED
1925 — Tartakower, Savielly vs Yates, Frederic D — 1-0 — Marienbad CZE
1926 — Carls, Carl vs Euwe, Max — 0-1 — Groningen NED
1927 — Capablanca, Jose vs Fiocati — 1-0 — Sao Paulo BRA

4…d6 — 13.3% (4809 parties)

1923 — Maroczy, Geza vs Yates, Frederic D — 0-1 — Hastings ENG
1937 — Carls, Carl vs Lange, Wilfried — 1-0 — Bremen GER
1942 — Rossetto, Hector vs Iliesco, Juan — 0-1 — Mar del Plata ARG
1943 — Kibbermann, Feliks vs Keres, Paul Petrovich — 1/2-1/2 — Tallinn EST
1946 — Laisaari, M. vs Palomaa, Vilho — 1/2-1/2 — Helsinki FIN

4…c5 — 4.3% (1555 parties)

1926 — Bolland, Benno vs Goldstein, Maurice Edwards — 1-0 — Weston-super-Mare
1928 — Beutum, Sigmund vs Hoenlinger, Baldur — 0-1 — Vienna AUT
1931 — Thiellement, Andre vs Anglares, Edouard — 1-0 — Lille FRA
1938 — Vasiliev, Viktor A vs Kopaev, Nikolay A — 1/2-1/2 — Leningrad RUS
1940 — Hanauer, Milton Loeb vs Woliston, Philip — 1/2-1/2 — New York, NY USA

4…c6 — 4.0% (1434 parties)

1935 — Pleci, Isaias vs Muffang, Andre — 1/2-1/2 — Warsaw POL
1940 — Dobias, Josef vs Olexa, Vilem — 0-1 — Rakovnik
1950 — Skold, Kent-Ake vs Mastichiadis, Fotis — 1-0 — Dubrovnik CRO
1955 — Bibshev vs Brazilski, Y. — 1-0 — Burevestnik
1955 — Sarosy, Zoltan L vs Leskowsky, Zoltan Emerk — 0-1 — Toronto CAN

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● f2→g3, h2→g3	● f7→g6, h7→g6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● e4 (2v1), ● b5 (2v0), ● d5 (3v1)	—
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d5 (3v1), ● e4 (2v1)	—

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bg2	● Bg2 Actif (mob. 7)
Bg7		● Bg7 Enfermé (mob. 2)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	4 (g1, c1, a1, h1)	4 (b8, c8, a8, h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre !	● Au centre !
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	semi-ouvert
Ruptures	● c4-c5, ● d2-d3, ● e2-e3, ● f2-f3	● …c7-c6, ● …c7-c5, ● …d7-d6, ● …d7-d5, ● …e7-e6, ● …e7-e5

Partie
1923 Hastings2324 – Round 4 – Maroczy, Geza – 0-1 – Yates, Frederic D – G14 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 d6 5. d3 c6 6. Bd2 Nbd7 7. Qc1 h6 8. Rb1 e5 9. b4 Nf8 10. Nf3 Ne6
1935 Warsaw POL – Round 12 – Pleci, Isaias – 1/2-1/2 – Muffang, Andre – G67 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 c6 5. e4 d6 6. d4 Nbd7 7. Nge2 Qc7 8. O-O a6 9. a4 O-O 10. h3 c5
1940 Rakovnik – Round 8 – Dobias, Josef – 0-1 – Olexa, Vilem – G42 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 c6 5. e4 d6 6. d4 Nbd7 7. f4 O-O 8. e5 Ne8 9. Be3 f6 10. Nf3 fxe5
1947 Buenos Aires ch-ARG – Round 1 – Benko, Francisco – 1/2-1/2 – Alvarez Martin, Pedro – G21 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 d6 5. Nf3 Nbd7 6. O-O O-O 7. d3 e5 8. Bd2 h6 9. b4 c6 10. Rb1 Qc7
1950 Candidats Tournament – Round 15 – Smyslov, Vladimir – 1/2-1/2 – Boleslavsky, Isaac – G63 1. c4 Nf6 2. g3 g6 3. Bg2 Bg7 4. Nc3 c5 5. d3 Nc6 6. Bd2 d6 7. Qc1 Nd4 8. Rb1 Rb8 9. Bh6 Nc2+ 10. Kf1 Bxh6
1950 Moskou ch-URS – Round 1 – Smyslov, Vladimir – 1-0 – Sokolsky, Alexey – G7 1. c4 Nf6 2. g3 g6 3. Nc3 Bg7 4. Bg2 c5 5. d3 Nc6 6. Bd2 d6 7. Qc1 Nd4 8. Rb1 h5 9. h3 Rb8 10. e3 Nc6
1950 Zlin ch CZE – Round 3 – Richter, Emil – 1-0 – Tikovsky, Alexandr – G4 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 c5 5. e3 O-O 6. Nge2 d6 7. O-O Nbd7 8. f4 e5 9. d3 Nb6 10. e4 exf4
1953 URS-training – Round 9 – Kotov Lundqvist, Alex – 1/2-1/2 – Boleslavsky, Isaac – G29 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 d6 5. f4 e5 6. Nf3 Nc6 7. O-O O-O 8. b3 Re8 9. Bb2 e4 10. Ne1 h5
1955 Zagreb – Round 16 – Barcza, Gedeon – 1-0 – Udovcic, Mijo – G156 1. c4 Nf6 2. g3 g6 3. Bg2 Bg7 4. Nc3 c5 5. e3 O-O 6. Nge2 Nc6 7. O-O d6 8. a3 Ne5 9. d3 Bf5 10. e4 Bd7
1956 Moscow olm prel – Round 5 – Ojanen, Kaarle S – 0-1 – Golombek, Harry – G138 1. c4 Nf6 2. g3 g6 3. Bg2 Bg7 4. Nc3 c5 5. Nf3 d5 6. cxd5 Nxd5 7. O-O O-O 8. Qc2 Nxc3 9. bxc3 Qc7 10. d3 Nc6
1956 USSR Ch Semifinal – Round 10 – Petrosian, Tigran A. – 1/2-1/2 – Kotkov, Yuri – G11 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 c5 5. a3 Nc6 6. Rb1 a5 7. Nf3 d6 8. d3 O-O 9. O-O Bd7 10. Bd2 Qc8
1957 URS-JUG – Round 3 – Pirc, Vasja – 0-1 – Boleslavsky, Isaac – G11 1. c4 Nf6 2. g3 g6 3. Bg2 Bg7 4. Nc3 d6 5. d3 O-O 6. Nf3 Nc6 7. O-O Nh5 8. Bd2 f5 9. Rb1 f4 10. Nd5 e5
1957 WchT U26 04th – Round 12.1 – Filip, Miroslav – 1-0 – Munoz Parraguez, Cesar – G148 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 c5 5. Nf3 O-O 6. d4 cxd4 7. Nxd4 d6 8. O-O a6 9. b3 Nc6 10. Bb2 Bd7
1958 Hoogovens – Round 6 – Pirc, Vasja – 0-1 – Euwe, Max – G22 1. c4 Nf6 2. g3 g6 3. Bg2 Bg7 4. Nc3 d6 5. e3 e5 6. Nge2 h5 7. h3 Nc6 8. Rb1 Be6 9. Nd5 Qd7 10. d3 Nd8
1958 HUN Ch 13th – Round 1 – Laszlo, Deli – 0-1 – Koberl, Ferenc – G3 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 d6 5. d3 O-O 6. e4 e5 7. Bg5 h6 8. Bxf6 Bxf6 9. h4 Nc6 10. h5 g5
1958 WchT U26 fin-B 05th – Round 6 – Partos, Charles – 1-0 – Rawlings Tim – G38 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. f4 d6 6. d4 O-O 7. Nf3 e6 8. e4 Ne8 9. O-O Bd7 10. d5 Ne7
1959 CSR Ch – Round 6 – Alster, Ladislav – 0-1 – Ivanco, Imrich – G43 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 c6 5. e4 e5 6. Nge2 c5 7. d3 Nc6 8. O-O d6 9. f4 h6 10. f5 g5
1959 Lodz ch POL – Round 3 – Gawlikowski, Stanislaw – 1/2-1/2 – Gromek, Jozef – G12 1. c4 Nf6 2. g3 g6 3. Bg2 Bg7 4. Nc3 d6 5. d3 Nc6 6. Rb1 a5 7. a3 O-O 8. b4 axb4 9. axb4 e5 10. Bd2 Nd4
1959 Santiago – Round 8 – Sanguineti, Raúl Carlos – 1-0 – De Souza Mendes, Joao – G43 1. c4 Nf6 2. g3 g6 3. Bg2 Bg7 4. Nc3 c5 5. a3 Nc6 6. Rb1 a5 7. e3 O-O 8. Nge2 d6 9. O-O Bd7 10. h3 Rb8
1959 Stevenson Memorial – Round 4 – Wade, Robert G – 1-0 – Meade , Shakonia – G15 1. c4 Nf6 2. g3 g6 3. Bg2 Bg7 4. Nc3 d6 5. a3 a5 6. Rb1 O-O 7. b4 axb4 8. axb4 e5 9. d3 Nc6 10. b5 Nd4
1959 Stevenson Memorial – Round 8 – Wade, Robert G – 1/2-1/2 – Matchett, HG. – G32 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 d6 5. a3 O-O 6. b4 e5 7. Bb2 Nc6 8. d3 Re8 9. e3 Bg4 10. Nge2 e4
1960 Bariloche – Round 7 – Sanguinetti, Raul – 1-0 – Bielicki, Carlos – G30 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 d6 5. Rb1 O-O 6. e4 c5 7. b4 Nc6 8. b5 Nd4 9. Nge2 Ne8 10. O-O f5
1960 Budapest – Round 1 – Barcza, Gedeon – 1-0 – Lopez Popov, Ivan – G1 1. c4 Nf6 2. g3 g6 3. Bg2 Bg7 4. Nc3 d6 5. d3 O-O 6. Bd2 c6 7. Nf3 d5 8. O-O Nbd7 9. Qb3 dxc4 10. Qxc4 Ne8
1960 Budapest zt – Round 4 – Barcza, Gedeon – 1-0 – Popov, Luben – G24 1. c4 Nf6 2. g3 g6 3. Bg2 Bg7 4. Nc3 d6 5. d3 O-O 6. Bd2 c6 7. Nf3 d5 8. O-O Nbd7 9. Qb3 dxc4 10. Qxc4 Ne8
1960 Leipzig olm prel – Round 6 – Naranja, Renato – 1-0 – Janetschek, Karl – G191 1. c4 g6 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 Bg7 4. Nc3 c6 5. e4 d5 6. exd5 cxd5 7. Nxd5 Nxd5 8. Bxd5 Nc6 9. Ne2 O-O 10. O-O Nb4
1960 Moscow-Leningrad m – Round 2.31 – Chernikov, Oleg L – 0-1 – Zakharov, Alexander V – G38 1. c4 g6 2. Nc3 Bg7 3. g3 Nf6 4. Bg2 c6 5. Nf3 d5 6. d4 dxc4 7. Ne5 Be6 8. e4 O-O 9. O-O Nfd7 10. f4 Nxe5
1960 Olympiad prel III – Round 3 – Ujtelky, Maximilian – 1-0 – Salazar Jacob, Hernan – G15 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 d6 5. e4 O-O 6. Nge2 Nbd7 7. d3 Rb8 8. O-O c6 9. a4 a5 10. h3 e5
1960 Poland Ch – Round 12 – Balcerowski, Witold – 1/2-1/2 – Gromek, J. – G48 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 d6 5. f4 c5 6. Nf3 Nc6 7. O-O O-O 8. d3 Rb8 9. Rb1 a6 10. Ne1 Bd7
1961 Golden Knights – Round ? – Zalys, Ignas – 1-0 – Ashley, Frank – G2 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 c6 5. e4 e5 6. Nge2 O-O 7. O-O d6 8. d3 Na6 9. h3 Ne8 10. Rb1 f5
1962 Bucharest – Round 10 – Sajtar, Jaroslav – 1/2-1/2 – Radovici, Corvin – G48 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 d6 5. e3 O-O 6. Nge2 Nc6 7. d4 e5 8. O-O Re8 9. b3 exd4 10. exd4 Bf5
1963 Budapest ch-HUN – Round 1 – Szilagyi, Peter – 0-1 – Sapi, Laszlo – G29 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 d6 5. d3 c5 6. e3 Nc6 7. Nge2 Bg4 8. a3 Qc8 9. h3 Bd7 10. Rb1 O-O
1963 Kiev Ch – Round 7 – Kostiuchenko, Alexander – 1/2-1/2 – Levin Godoy, Matias Bastian – G24 1. c4 Nf6 2. g3 g6 3. Bg2 Bg7 4. Nc3 c5 5. e3 O-O 6. Nge2 Nc6 7. O-O d6 8. d3 Bd7 9. Rb1 Rb8 10. a3 Qc8
1963 Odense – Round 8 – Andersen, Borge – 1/2-1/2 – Brinck-Claussen, Bjorn – G27 1. c4 g6 2. g3 Bg7 3. Bg2 Nf6 4. Nc3 c5 5. d3 Nc6 6. Nh3 d6 7. Nf4 O-O 8. h4 h5 9. Bd2 Rb8 10. Qc1 Bd7
1964 POL Ch extra – Round 2 – Plater, Kazimierz – 1-0 – Gromek, Jozef – G4 1. g3 Nf6 2. Bg2 g6 3. c4 Bg7 4. Nc3 d6 5. e3 O-O 6. Nge2 Nc6 7. O-O Bd7 8. d3 Rb8 9. Rb1 Qc8 10. Nf4 a6
1964 Stevenson Memorial XII – Round 2 – Cafferty, Bernard – 1-0 – Denman, Brian John – G2 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 c6 5. e4 d6 6. Nge2 e5 7. O-O Be6 8. d3 Nh5 9. Be3 Qe7 10. f4 f5
1965 Hastings ch-BCF – Round 3 – Franklin Sheunesu Mhembere – 0-1 – Littlewood, Norman – G36 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 d6 5. d3 c5 6. e3 O-O 7. Nge2 Nc6 8. O-O Bd7 9. h3 h5 10. a3 a6
1965 Ontario Open – Round 3 – Sarosy, Zoltan L – 1-0 – Carleton, Thomas – G3 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 d6 5. Nf3 c5 6. d4 Nc6 7. d5 Nb4 8. a3 Na6 9. O-O Bf5 10. Nh4 Bg4
1965 Sinaia stud ol final – Round 2 – Radulov, Ivan – 0-1 – Westerinen, Heikki M.J. – G9 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 d6 5. e4 Nc6 6. Nge2 O-O 7. O-O Be6 8. d3 Qc8 9. f4 Nh5 10. Be3 f5
1966 La Habana olm fin-C – Round 4 – Yepez, Osvaldo – 1-0 – Campomanes, Florencio – G21 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 d6 5. e3 e5 6. Nge2 c6 7. O-O O-O 8. d4 Qe7 9. b3 Re8 10. Ba3 exd4
1966 La Habana olm prel – Round 2 – Ujtelky, Maximilian – 1-0 – Greiveldinger, Ernest – G23 1. c4 Nf6 2. g3 g6 3. Bg2 Bg7 4. Nc3 d6 5. e4 O-O 6. Nge2 Nbd7 7. O-O c5 8. d3 Re8 9. h3 Nf8 10. f4 e6
1966 Venice tt – Round 5 – Eynard, Valdo – 0-1 – Magrin, Antonio – G30 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 c6 5. Nf3 d6 6. O-O Be6 7. d3 Qc8 8. e4 Bh3 9. Bxh3 Qxh3 10. Ng5 Qc8
1968 ITA Ch Milan ITA – Round 1 – Laco, Giuseppe – 1-0 – Magrin, Antonio – G1 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 c6 5. e4 d6 6. d4 Qc7 7. h3 Nbd7 8. Be3 b6 9. Nge2 Bb7 10. Rc1 Rd8
1969 Buesum – Round 2 – Szabo, Laszlo – 0-1 – Hecht, Hans-Joachim – G8 1. c4 Nf6 2. g3 g6 3. Bg2 Bg7 4. Nc3 c5 5. a3 Nc6 6. Rb1 d6 7. d3 e5 8. b4 O-O 9. e3 Bg4 10. Nge2 Qd7
World Blitz 2021 – Round 3.12 – Zvjaginsev, Vadim – 0-1 – Sanal, Vahap – G139 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 d6 5. Nf3 c6 6. O-O e5 7. d3 O-O 8. Rb1 a5 9. e4 Na6 10. a3 Nc5
World Cup 1988 – Round 1 – Ribli, Zoltan – 1/2-1/2 – Nunn, John D M – G4 1. c4 g6 2. Nc3 Bg7 3. g3 Nf6 4. Bg2 c6 5. e4 O-O 6. Nge2 d5 7. cxd5 cxd5 8. Nxd5 Nxd5 9. exd5 Na6 10. d4 Bf5

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