A00v — Benko Opening

1.g3 d5 * ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Centre semi-ouvert

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Avantages : paire de fous.
Faiblesses adverses : Bc8 enfermé, Bf8 enfermé, roi noir au centre.
Problèmes : roi au centre, Bc1 enfermé, Bf1 enfermé, 6 pièces non développées (B1, G1, C1, F1, A1, H1).
Plans :
● O-O — Mettre le roi en sécurité, connecter les tours
● e4 — Centre d4+e4, libère Bf1
● Nbd2 — Développer Nb1
● Nf3 — Développer Ng1
● d3 — Libérer Bc1

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Avantages : paire de fous.
Faiblesses adverses : Bc1 enfermé, Bf1 enfermé, roi blanc au centre.
Problèmes : roi au centre, Bc8 enfermé, Bf8 enfermé, 6 pièces non développées (B8, G8, C8, F8, A8, H8).
Plans :
● O-O — Mettre le roi en sécurité, connecter les tours
● ...Nbd7 — Développer Nb8
● ...Nf6 — Développer Ng8
● ...Bf5 — Développer Bc8
● ...Bd6 — Développer Bf8

Avantages

Faiblesses adverses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

A00v — Benko Opening

1.g3 d5 2.Bg2 c6

Eval: [-0.26]

Les coups candidats

3.Nf3 — 41.9% (1374 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Petran, Peter (45x), Hickl, Joerg (24x), Bezold, Michael (16x), Mozes, Ervin (15x), Chelushkina, Irina (15x), Movsziszian, Karen (15x), Shoker, Samy (13x), Hulak, Krunoslav (10x)

3.d3 — 37.2% (1219 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Haub, Thorsten Michael (35x), Shoker, Samy (19x), Movsziszian, Karen (17x), Azmaiparashvili, Zurab (16x), Beszterczey, Laszlo (13x), Vokac, Marek (11x), Buchal, Stephan (10x), Gufeld, Eduard (9x)

3.f4 — 6.6% (216 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Bartel, Mateusz (6x), Movsziszian, Karen (6x), Reinhardt, Bernd (4x), Alvarez De Lima, Danae (3x), Manis, Jose (3x), Mozes, Ervin (3x), Rewitz, Poul (3x), Day, Lawrence A. (2x)

3.c4 — 6.5% (214 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Troyke, Christian (5x), Bricard, Emmanuel (3x), Chuprov, Daniil Al (3x), Danner, Lambert (3x), Reti, Richard (2x), Larsen, Benjamin Holsko (2x), Todorcevic Antic, Miodrag (2x), Uhlmann, Wolfgang (2x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	3.Nf3	3.d3	3.f4	3.c4
<1800	53	45%	28%	4%	6%
1800-2200	813	40%	35%	6%	8%
2200-2600	1953	42%	39%	7%	6%
2600+	57	30%	54%	9%	5%

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	3.Nf3	3.d3	3.f4	3.c4
1920s	2	—	—	—	100%
1950s	1	100%	—	—	—
1960s	45	58%	20%	2%	18%
1970s	106	42%	38%	12%	5%
1980s	198	49%	32%	6%	6%
1990s	808	42%	38%	7%	6%
2000s	1009	41%	39%	5%	5%
2010s	1010	40%	36%	7%	8%
2020s	101	42%	36%	10%	7%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
3.Nf3	40%	42%	▲ +1.6%
3.d3	36%	36%	▼ -0.6%
3.f4	7%	10%	▲ +3.0%
3.c4	8%	7%	▼ -1.2%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Tal, Mikhail — 2 parties
Anand, Viswanathan — 1 partie
Kasparov, Garry — 1 partie
Hou, Yifan — 1 partie

Parties historiques

3.Nf3 — 41.9% (1374 parties)

1957 — Benko, Pal vs Fairhurst, William — 1-0 — Dublin IRL
1960 — Korchnoi, Viktor vs Ivkov, Borislav — 1-0 — Buenos Aires ARG
1961 — Bilek, Istvan vs Abalde Perez, Fernando Jose — 1/2-1/2 — Dortmund GER
1962 — Lein, Andreas vs Saigin, Ian — 1-0 — Leningrad RUS
1962 — Ostrauskas, Mecislovas vs Lein, Anatoly — 1/2-1/2 — Leningrad RUS

3.d3 — 37.2% (1219 parties)

1961 — Averbakh, Yuri L vs Bagirov, Vladimir — 1-0 — Baku ch-URS
1965 — Plater, Kazimierz vs Orbaan, Constant — 1/2-1/2 — Amsterdam II
1965 — Blom, Kaj vs Haahr, Thorkild — 1-0 — Aalborg DEN
1967 — Suttles, Duncan vs Byrne, Ray — 0-1 — Sousse TUN
1969 — L.Stein vs E.Book — 1-0 — ?

3.f4 — 6.6% (216 parties)

1968 — Bilek, Istvan vs Jongsma, Alexander — 1/2-1/2 — Amsterdam NED
1970 — Larsen, Bent vs Day, Lawrence A. — 1-0 — St John
1970 — Kjaer Larsen, Maximillian C vs Day Pratap Singh Gavel — 1-0 — St John
1971 — Jacobsen, Bo vs Hvenekilde, Jorgen — 1-0 — Hjoerring
1972 — Suttles, Duncan vs Bachtiar, Arovah — 1-0 — Skopje MKD

3.c4 — 6.5% (214 parties)

1925 — Reti, Richard vs Colle, Edgar — 0-1 — Baden-Baden GER
1925 — Reti, Richard vs Thomas, George Alan — 1-0 — Marienbad CZE
1961 — Heemskerk, Fenny vs Nicolau, Alexandra — 0-1 — Vrnjacka Banja SRB
1963 — Letelier Martner, Rene vs Calero Nino, Camilo — 1/2-1/2 — Havanna PANAM
1963 — Zakharov, Igor N vs Bykhovsky, Anatoly A — 1/2-1/2 — Moscow RUS

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● f2→g3, h2→g3	—
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	—	—
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	—	● d5 (1v0), ● e4 (1v0)

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bf1	● Bf1 Non développé (mob. 2)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bf8		● Bf8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	6 (b1, g1, c1, f1, a1, h1)	6 (b8, g8, c8, f8, a8, h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre !	● Au centre !
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	semi-ouvert
Ruptures	● c2-c3, ● d2-d3, ● e2-e3, ● f2-f3	● …c7-c6, ● …c7-c5, ● …d5-d4, ● …e7-e6, ● …e7-e5, ● …f7-f6, ● …f7-f5

Partie
? 1998 – Round ? – Kasparov, Garry – 1-0 – Zarnicki, Pablo – G90 1. g3 d5 2. Bg2 c6 3. d3 Nf6 4. Nd2 g6 5. e4 Bg7 6. Ngf3 O-O 7. O-O Bg4 8. h3 Bxf3 9. Qxf3 e6 10. Qe2 Nbd7
1925 Baden-Baden – Round 1 – Reti, Richard – 0-1 – Colle, Edgar – G111 1. g3 d5 2. Bg2 c6 3. c4 dxc4 4. Na3 Be6 5. Qc2 g6 6. Nxc4 Bg7 7. Nf3 Nd7 8. O-O Nb6 9. Nxb6 axb6 10. d3 h6
1961 Baku ch-URS – Round 5 – Averbakh, Yuri L – 1-0 – Bagirov, Vladimir – G56 1. g3 d5 2. Bg2 c6 3. d3 g6 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. O-O Nf6 6. Nbd2 O-O 7. e4 Bg4 8. h3 Bxf3 9. Qxf3 e6 10. Qe2 Ne8
1961 Vrnjacka Banja ct women – Round 5 – Heemskerk, Fenny – 0-1 – Nicolau, Alexandra – G28 1. g3 d5 2. Bg2 c6 3. c4 e6 4. b3 f5 5. e3 Nf6 6. Bb2 Bd6 7. Nf3 O-O 8. O-O Nbd7 9. Qc2 Qe8 10. Nc3 Qh5
1963 Havanna PANAM – Round 6 – Letelier Martner, Rene – 1/2-1/2 – Calero Nino, Camilo – G8 1. g3 d5 2. Bg2 c6 3. c4 dxc4 4. Na3 g6 5. Nxc4 Bg7 6. Nf3 Nf6 7. O-O O-O 8. d3 Nbd7 9. Bd2 Nd5 10. Qc1 N7b6
1964 URS – Round ? – Zheliandinov, Viktor – 1-0 – Goldenov, Boris P – G23 1. g3 d5 2. Bg2 c6 3. Nf3 Bf5 4. O-O h6 5. d4 Nd7 6. c4 e6 7. Nc3 Ngf6 8. cxd5 cxd5 9. Bf4 a6 10. Qb3 Qb6
1965 Aalborg – Round 1 – Blom, Kaj – 1-0 – Haahr, Thorkild – G55 1. g3 d5 2. Bg2 c6 3. d3 Nf6 4. Nc3 Bg4 5. h3 Bh5 6. Nf3 Nbd7 7. Bf4 e6 8. O-O Bc5 9. Qe1 Qe7 10. e4 e5
1967 Sousse Interzonal – Round 17 – Suttles, Duncan – 0-1 – Byrne, Ray – G161 1. g3 d5 2. Bg2 c6 3. d3 Nf6 4. Nf3 Bf5 5. Nh4 Bg4 6. h3 Bh5 7. g4 Bg6 8. f4 e6 9. Nd2 Bc5 10. Ndf3 Qb6
1968 Hastings6869 – Round 8 – Hartoch, Robert G – 0-1 – Keene, Raymond D – G43 1. g3 d5 2. Bg2 c6 3. b3 Nf6 4. f4 a5 5. Bb2 g6 6. Nf3 Bg7 7. O-O O-O 8. Kh1 a4 9. a3 axb3 10. cxb3 Bg4
1969 New York ch-USA – Round 6 – Lombardy, William J – 1/2-1/2 – Bisguier, Arthur B – G32 1. g3 d5 2. Bg2 c6 3. d3 e5 4. Nd2 f5 5. e4 Nf6 6. Ngf3 fxe4 7. dxe4 dxe4 8. Nxe5 Qd4 9. Ndc4 Qxd1+ 10. Kxd1 Bc5
1969 Palma de Mallorca – Round 7 – Larsen, Benjamin Holsko – 1-0 – Korchnoi, Viktor – G69 1. g3 d5 2. Bg2 c6 3. c4 g6 4. Qa4 d4 5. Nf3 Bg7 6. O-O e5 7. d3 Ne7 8. Nbd2 O-O 9. b4 Nd7 10. Rb1 a5
1969 Tallinn it – Round 1 – Hernandez Stein, Dario Eduardo – 1-0 – Book, Eero – G11 1. g3 d5 2. Bg2 c6 3. d3 Nf6 4. Nd2 Bg4 5. h3 Bf5 6. e4 dxe4 7. dxe4 Be6 8. Ngf3 Na6 9. O-O Qa5 10. Nd4 O-O-O
1969 Zagreb – Round 1 – Marangunic, Srdjan – 1/2-1/2 – Lombardy, William J – G18 1. g3 c6 2. Bg2 d5 3. Nf3 Nd7 4. d4 e6 5. O-O Bd6 6. c4 Ngf6 7. b3 Qe7 8. Nc3 Ne4 9. Bb2 Nxc3 10. Bxc3 O-O
1972 Skopje ol (Men) fin-A – Round 12 – Liebert, Heinz – 1-0 – Sloth, Jorn – G371 1. g3 d5 2. Bg2 c6 3. d3 g6 4. Nd2 Bg7 5. e4 e5 6. Ngf3 Ne7 7. O-O O-O 8. c3 Nd7 9. Qc2 b6 10. Rd1 Bb7
1973 Leningrad Interzonal – Round 1 – Huebner, Robert – 1/2-1/2 – Taimanov, Mark – G130 1. g3 d5 2. Bg2 c6 3. f4 g6 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. d3 Nh6 6. e4 dxe4 7. dxe4 Qxd1+ 8. Kxd1 Na6 9. Ke2 Be6 10. Na3 O-O-O
6. World Blitz 2010 – Round 28.5 – Nakamura, Hikaru – 1-0 – Eljanov, Pavel – G199 1. g3 d5 2. Bg2 c6 3. d3 Nf6 4. Nc3 g6 5. Bd2 Bg7 6. Qc1 d4 7. Nd1 h5 8. h4 c5 9. e4 Nc6 10. f4 e5
FIDE GP 2002 – Round 4.2 – Azmaiparashvili, Zurab – 1-0 – Bacrot, Etienne – G89 1. g3 d5 2. Bg2 c6 3. d3 Nf6 4. Nd2 e5 5. e4 Bd6 6. Ngf3 O-O 7. O-O Re8 8. a4 Nbd7 9. b3 b6 10. Bb2 Bb7
FIDE World Blitz Championship 2014 – Round 8.18 – Bartel, Mateusz – 0-1 – Aronian, Levon – G60 1. g3 d5 2. Bg2 c6 3. f4 Bf5 4. Nf3 e6 5. O-O h5 6. d3 Be7 7. Nc3 h4 8. e4 Bg4 9. d4 hxg3 10. hxg3 Nd7
FIDE-Wch k.o. 1997 – Round 4.3 – Azmaiparashvili, Zurab – 1/2-1/2 – Krasenkow, Michal – G163 1. g3 d5 2. Bg2 c6 3. d3 Nf6 4. Nd2 Bg4 5. h3 Bh5 6. Ngf3 Nbd7 7. O-O e6 8. e4 dxe4 9. dxe4 Bc5 10. Qe2 O-O
World Blitz 2009 – Round 17 – Morozevich, Alexander – 1-0 – Gelfand, Boris – G174 1. g3 d5 2. Bg2 c6 3. d3 e5 4. Nf3 Bd6 5. c4 dxc4 6. dxc4 Nf6 7. Nc3 h6 8. Qc2 O-O 9. O-O Qe7 10. b3 a5
World Blitz 2015 – Round 13.37 – Khismatullin, Denis – 0-1 – Malakhov, Valentyn – G810 1. g3 d5 2. Bg2 c6 3. d3 e5 4. Nd2 Nf6 5. b3 Bd6 6. Bb2 O-O 7. e3 Qe7 8. a3 a5 9. Ne2 Na6 10. O-O Bd7
World Blitz 2015 – Round 5.52 – Bartel, Mateusz – 1-0 – Handke, Florian, Dr. – G319 1. g3 d5 2. Bg2 c6 3. d3 Nf6 4. f4 h5 5. Nf3 Bg4 6. Nc3 Nbd7 7. Nh4 Nc5 8. h3 Bc8 9. e4 dxe4 10. dxe4 Qxd1+
World Blitz 2016 – Round 11.14 – Mamedov, Rauf – 0-1 – Dreev, Aleksey – G429 1. g3 d5 2. Bg2 c6 3. d3 g6 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. O-O e5 6. e4 Ne7 7. Re1 dxe4 8. dxe4 Qxd1 9. Rxd1 h6 10. Na3 Be6
World Blitz 2018 – Round 17.65 – Vastrukhin, Oleg – 0-1 – Jumabayev, Rinat – G1036 1. g3 d5 2. Bg2 c6 3. Nf3 g6 4. O-O Bg7 5. d4 Nf6 6. Nbd2 O-O 7. b3 a5 8. Bb2 a4 9. e3 Nbd7 10. c4 Qa5

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